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A new open‐source solver for early detection of atherosclerosis based on hemodynamics and LDL transport simulation
Engineering Reports
Swansea University Authors: Daniel Obaid , Adesola Ademiloye
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DOI (Published version): 10.1002/eng2.12955
Abstract
This paper presents a new open-source solver within the OpenFOAM framework, to provide a cost-free alternativeto commercial software for simulating blood flows and the transport of low-density lipoproteins(LDL) in arteries. The proposed algorithm utilizes the velocity field obtained from the hemodyn...
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ISSN: | 2577-8196 2577-8196 |
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2024
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v2 66728 2024-06-14 A new open‐source solver for early detection of atherosclerosis based on hemodynamics and LDL transport simulation 1cb4b49224d4f3f2b546ed0f39e13ea8 0000-0002-3891-1403 Daniel Obaid Daniel Obaid true false e37960ed89a7e3eaeba2201762626594 0000-0002-9741-6488 Adesola Ademiloye Adesola Ademiloye true false 2024-06-14 MEDS This paper presents a new open-source solver within the OpenFOAM framework, to provide a cost-free alternativeto commercial software for simulating blood flows and the transport of low-density lipoproteins(LDL) in arteries. The proposed algorithm utilizes the velocity field obtained from the hemodynamicscomputation to solve an advection-diffusion equation governing a passive scalar variable, that representsthe cholesterol concentration in blood. Moreover, two customized boundary conditions, namely periodicpulsatile inflow and LDL blood-to-wall transfer law, as well as a non-Newtonian viscosity model, areincluded in the code to achieve more realistic results. The solver is first validated by reproducing twobenchmark tests, the classical lid-driven cavity experiment including heat transport, and a constrictedtube simulating a stenosed artery. The results obtained were in good agreement with existing literatureand experimental measurements, thus confirming the accuracy and robustness of the proposed opensourcesolver. Finally, hemodynamics and LDL transport are computed in two arteries, one of themobtained by segmentation from an anonymized clinical patient. Stress and LDL concentration at thevessel’s wall are employed to calculate significant descriptors revealing dangerous areas where atheroscleroticplaques could emerge. In the studied cases, the main branch of the artery, and especially thevicinity of the bifurcation, seem to be candidates to develop the illness. This conclusion is in line withmedical in-vivo studies evincing that bifurcations are an usual place where plaques grow. Journal Article Engineering Reports Wiley 2577-8196 2577-8196 29 6 2024 2024-06-29 10.1002/eng2.12955 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eng2.12955 COLLEGE NANME Medical School COLLEGE CODE MEDS Swansea University This research was supported by the Grant #PID2020- 115778GB-I00 funded by CIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. A.S. Ademiloye expresses gratitude to the Institute of Physics and Engineering in Medicine (IPEM) for the Innovation Award. 2024-07-03T18:10:43.7068671 2024-06-14T09:45:15.7879054 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Biomedical Engineering Jorge Molina 0000-0001-7985-409x 1 Daniel Obaid 0000-0002-3891-1403 2 Adesola Ademiloye 0000-0002-9741-6488 3 66728__30643__76aa948e0a9842f2bea416fb380210a4.pdf 66728.pdf 2024-06-14T09:48:45.9407310 Output 10326268 application/pdf Accepted Manuscript true false |
title |
A new open‐source solver for early detection of atherosclerosis based on hemodynamics and LDL transport simulation |
spellingShingle |
A new open‐source solver for early detection of atherosclerosis based on hemodynamics and LDL transport simulation Daniel Obaid Adesola Ademiloye |
title_short |
A new open‐source solver for early detection of atherosclerosis based on hemodynamics and LDL transport simulation |
title_full |
A new open‐source solver for early detection of atherosclerosis based on hemodynamics and LDL transport simulation |
title_fullStr |
A new open‐source solver for early detection of atherosclerosis based on hemodynamics and LDL transport simulation |
title_full_unstemmed |
A new open‐source solver for early detection of atherosclerosis based on hemodynamics and LDL transport simulation |
title_sort |
A new open‐source solver for early detection of atherosclerosis based on hemodynamics and LDL transport simulation |
author_id_str_mv |
1cb4b49224d4f3f2b546ed0f39e13ea8 e37960ed89a7e3eaeba2201762626594 |
author_id_fullname_str_mv |
1cb4b49224d4f3f2b546ed0f39e13ea8_***_Daniel Obaid e37960ed89a7e3eaeba2201762626594_***_Adesola Ademiloye |
author |
Daniel Obaid Adesola Ademiloye |
author2 |
Jorge Molina Daniel Obaid Adesola Ademiloye |
format |
Journal article |
container_title |
Engineering Reports |
publishDate |
2024 |
institution |
Swansea University |
issn |
2577-8196 2577-8196 |
doi_str_mv |
10.1002/eng2.12955 |
publisher |
Wiley |
college_str |
Faculty of Science and Engineering |
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|
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facultyofscienceandengineering |
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Faculty of Science and Engineering |
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facultyofscienceandengineering |
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Faculty of Science and Engineering |
department_str |
School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Biomedical Engineering{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Biomedical Engineering |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eng2.12955 |
document_store_str |
1 |
active_str |
0 |
description |
This paper presents a new open-source solver within the OpenFOAM framework, to provide a cost-free alternativeto commercial software for simulating blood flows and the transport of low-density lipoproteins(LDL) in arteries. The proposed algorithm utilizes the velocity field obtained from the hemodynamicscomputation to solve an advection-diffusion equation governing a passive scalar variable, that representsthe cholesterol concentration in blood. Moreover, two customized boundary conditions, namely periodicpulsatile inflow and LDL blood-to-wall transfer law, as well as a non-Newtonian viscosity model, areincluded in the code to achieve more realistic results. The solver is first validated by reproducing twobenchmark tests, the classical lid-driven cavity experiment including heat transport, and a constrictedtube simulating a stenosed artery. The results obtained were in good agreement with existing literatureand experimental measurements, thus confirming the accuracy and robustness of the proposed opensourcesolver. Finally, hemodynamics and LDL transport are computed in two arteries, one of themobtained by segmentation from an anonymized clinical patient. Stress and LDL concentration at thevessel’s wall are employed to calculate significant descriptors revealing dangerous areas where atheroscleroticplaques could emerge. In the studied cases, the main branch of the artery, and especially thevicinity of the bifurcation, seem to be candidates to develop the illness. This conclusion is in line withmedical in-vivo studies evincing that bifurcations are an usual place where plaques grow. |
published_date |
2024-06-29T18:10:42Z |
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11.016235 |