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The effect of taurine supplementation on physiological and thermoregulatory responses in humans during rest and exercise in hot environmental conditions / JENNIFER PEEL

Swansea University Author: JENNIFER PEEL

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DOI (Published version): 10.23889/SUThesis.66881

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This thesis details the meta-analytical and experimental work conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplements, specifically taurine, on physiological and thermoregulatory responses in humans during heat exposure. Meta-analysis determined that the ergogenic effects of many dietary supplem...

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Published: Swansea University, Wales, UK 2024
Institution: Swansea University
Degree level: Doctoral
Degree name: Ph.D
Supervisor: Waldron, M.; Heffernan, S., M.; McNarry, M., A.; Kilduff, L., P.; & Nevola, V., R.
URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa66881
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spelling v2 66881 2024-06-24 The effect of taurine supplementation on physiological and thermoregulatory responses in humans during rest and exercise in hot environmental conditions 1a6e998e551fc4ad73638f302f1c3073 JENNIFER PEEL JENNIFER PEEL true false 2024-06-24 This thesis details the meta-analytical and experimental work conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplements, specifically taurine, on physiological and thermoregulatory responses in humans during heat exposure. Meta-analysis determined that the ergogenic effects of many dietary supplements on endurance exercise performance appear affected by the heat. Supplements established to be efficacious in thermoneutral conditions, such as caffeine and creatine provided no performance benefit, while amino acids (e.g. taurine) demonstrated the greatest ergogenicity. Of the supplements meta-analysed for their thermoregulatory effects, several amino acids, anti-oxidants and anti-inflammatories, and those affecting fluid balance, offered the greatest benefits during heat exposure. Conversely, supplements enhancing nitric oxide bioavailability had no effect on thermal balance, and caffeine induced a thermogenic effect when ingested in the heat. Overall, taurine had the greatest performance and thermoregulatory responses, and was, therefore, selected as the focus of the subsequent empirical data chapters. Within the experimental studies of the thesis, taurine supplementation augmented thermal sweating during fixed metabolic heat production in hot conditions, including increased whole-body sweat loss, local sweat rate and sweat gland activation, alongside enhancing cutaneous vasodilation. Greater thermal sweating translated to heightened evaporative heat dissipation and reduced heat storage, as modelled by partitional calorimetry. Improved thermal tolerance was also observed, through a delayed transition to uncompensable heat stress. Drivers of the thermal sweating response and the measurement techniques used to assess these were established to be sufficiently reliable to control thermal sweating and detect likely changes, respectively. This indicates that the findings regarding taurine’s effects on thermal sweating are genuine and unaffected by these influencing factors. Taurine may exert these thermoregulatory effects through its vaso-active and osmoregulatory roles, though this requires further investigation. Nevertheless, taurine may offer a potential dietary supplementation strategy to support thermoregulation in hot environmental conditions that permit dry and evaporative heat transfer. E-Thesis Swansea University, Wales, UK taurine, heat, thermoregulation, sweating, evaporative cooling, vasodilation 28 5 2024 2024-05-28 10.23889/SUThesis.66881 A selection of content is redacted or is partially redacted from this thesis to protect sensitive and personal information. COLLEGE NANME COLLEGE CODE Swansea University Waldron, M.; Heffernan, S., M.; McNarry, M., A.; Kilduff, L., P.; & Nevola, V., R. Doctoral Ph.D 2024-06-24T11:43:58.4209118 2024-06-24T11:33:49.8783759 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Sport and Exercise Sciences JENNIFER PEEL 1 66881__30734__fa8e8e26f1ef4e639931a2d07d351940.pdf 2024_Peel_J.final.66881.pdf 2024-06-24T11:39:12.4591955 Output 7622864 application/pdf E-Thesis – open access true Copyright: The Author, Jennifer Sarah Peel, 2024 true eng
title The effect of taurine supplementation on physiological and thermoregulatory responses in humans during rest and exercise in hot environmental conditions
spellingShingle The effect of taurine supplementation on physiological and thermoregulatory responses in humans during rest and exercise in hot environmental conditions
JENNIFER PEEL
title_short The effect of taurine supplementation on physiological and thermoregulatory responses in humans during rest and exercise in hot environmental conditions
title_full The effect of taurine supplementation on physiological and thermoregulatory responses in humans during rest and exercise in hot environmental conditions
title_fullStr The effect of taurine supplementation on physiological and thermoregulatory responses in humans during rest and exercise in hot environmental conditions
title_full_unstemmed The effect of taurine supplementation on physiological and thermoregulatory responses in humans during rest and exercise in hot environmental conditions
title_sort The effect of taurine supplementation on physiological and thermoregulatory responses in humans during rest and exercise in hot environmental conditions
author_id_str_mv 1a6e998e551fc4ad73638f302f1c3073
author_id_fullname_str_mv 1a6e998e551fc4ad73638f302f1c3073_***_JENNIFER PEEL
author JENNIFER PEEL
author2 JENNIFER PEEL
format E-Thesis
publishDate 2024
institution Swansea University
doi_str_mv 10.23889/SUThesis.66881
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
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hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Sport and Exercise Sciences{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Sport and Exercise Sciences
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description This thesis details the meta-analytical and experimental work conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplements, specifically taurine, on physiological and thermoregulatory responses in humans during heat exposure. Meta-analysis determined that the ergogenic effects of many dietary supplements on endurance exercise performance appear affected by the heat. Supplements established to be efficacious in thermoneutral conditions, such as caffeine and creatine provided no performance benefit, while amino acids (e.g. taurine) demonstrated the greatest ergogenicity. Of the supplements meta-analysed for their thermoregulatory effects, several amino acids, anti-oxidants and anti-inflammatories, and those affecting fluid balance, offered the greatest benefits during heat exposure. Conversely, supplements enhancing nitric oxide bioavailability had no effect on thermal balance, and caffeine induced a thermogenic effect when ingested in the heat. Overall, taurine had the greatest performance and thermoregulatory responses, and was, therefore, selected as the focus of the subsequent empirical data chapters. Within the experimental studies of the thesis, taurine supplementation augmented thermal sweating during fixed metabolic heat production in hot conditions, including increased whole-body sweat loss, local sweat rate and sweat gland activation, alongside enhancing cutaneous vasodilation. Greater thermal sweating translated to heightened evaporative heat dissipation and reduced heat storage, as modelled by partitional calorimetry. Improved thermal tolerance was also observed, through a delayed transition to uncompensable heat stress. Drivers of the thermal sweating response and the measurement techniques used to assess these were established to be sufficiently reliable to control thermal sweating and detect likely changes, respectively. This indicates that the findings regarding taurine’s effects on thermal sweating are genuine and unaffected by these influencing factors. Taurine may exert these thermoregulatory effects through its vaso-active and osmoregulatory roles, though this requires further investigation. Nevertheless, taurine may offer a potential dietary supplementation strategy to support thermoregulation in hot environmental conditions that permit dry and evaporative heat transfer.
published_date 2024-05-28T11:43:57Z
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