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Re-use of Industrial Waste Heat Utilising Thermochemical Materials. / JACK REYNOLDS

Swansea University Author: JACK REYNOLDS

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DOI (Published version): 10.23889/SUThesis.66883

Abstract

With the project aimed at recovering gaseous waste heat from industry, selecting thermochemical materials that match the site’s waste heat is crucial. An initial survey at TATA Colors, Shotton, identified three areas of waste heat generation:Locations A, B, and C, with temperatures around 110 °C, 220...

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Published: Swansea University, Wales, UK 2024
Institution: Swansea University
Degree level: Doctoral
Degree name: EngD
Supervisor: Jewell, E., & Elvins, J.
URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa66883
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Among six materials (salt hydrates and hydroxides) considered for their stability, energy density, and suitable decomposition temperature within the temperatures identified at the three locations, CaCl2 emerged as the most promising reactive material. Typically, salt hydrates are impregnated within porous matrices, a method known to mitigate hysteresis and enhance reaction rates. Expanded graphite (EG) was selected for the matrix component for its high surface area and thermal conductivity. An assessment of three EG-based matrices led to choosing EG and alginate-based matrices for detailed evaluation in this project. This comparative analysis identified milled expanded graphite (mEG) synthesised via the mould method (mEG-M) as the superior composite among those evaluated. Two lab-scale reactors of different sizes were developed to evaluate the charging performance of the composites. The charge reactions were monitored via temperature and mass logging within the reactor. Although the charge analysis was conducted below 200 °C, both reactors could accommodate temperatures up to 500-600 °C, covering the possibility to simulate all three identified locations. Adjusting salt loading within the mEG-M revealed that reduced salt loading optimises material performance and stability. A 60 % salt bath concentration, achieving approximately 70.9 wt% salt loading, significantly increased porosity.This adjustment facilitated improved kinetics and stability, accommodating expansion and deliquescence. Adjusting the composite size had less effect on charge kinetics but did influence discharge performance and synthesis throughput. 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Jack Daniel Pearce Reynolds, 2024 CC BY - Distributed under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (CC BY 4.0).</documentNotes><copyrightCorrect>true</copyrightCorrect><licence>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</licence></document></documents><OutputDurs/></rfc1807>
spelling v2 66883 2024-06-24 Re-use of Industrial Waste Heat Utilising Thermochemical Materials. 758941482e9babf19179658cf5f9be14 JACK REYNOLDS JACK REYNOLDS true false 2024-06-24 With the project aimed at recovering gaseous waste heat from industry, selecting thermochemical materials that match the site’s waste heat is crucial. An initial survey at TATA Colors, Shotton, identified three areas of waste heat generation:Locations A, B, and C, with temperatures around 110 °C, 220 °C, and 500 °C, respectively. Among six materials (salt hydrates and hydroxides) considered for their stability, energy density, and suitable decomposition temperature within the temperatures identified at the three locations, CaCl2 emerged as the most promising reactive material. Typically, salt hydrates are impregnated within porous matrices, a method known to mitigate hysteresis and enhance reaction rates. Expanded graphite (EG) was selected for the matrix component for its high surface area and thermal conductivity. An assessment of three EG-based matrices led to choosing EG and alginate-based matrices for detailed evaluation in this project. This comparative analysis identified milled expanded graphite (mEG) synthesised via the mould method (mEG-M) as the superior composite among those evaluated. Two lab-scale reactors of different sizes were developed to evaluate the charging performance of the composites. The charge reactions were monitored via temperature and mass logging within the reactor. Although the charge analysis was conducted below 200 °C, both reactors could accommodate temperatures up to 500-600 °C, covering the possibility to simulate all three identified locations. Adjusting salt loading within the mEG-M revealed that reduced salt loading optimises material performance and stability. A 60 % salt bath concentration, achieving approximately 70.9 wt% salt loading, significantly increased porosity.This adjustment facilitated improved kinetics and stability, accommodating expansion and deliquescence. Adjusting the composite size had less effect on charge kinetics but did influence discharge performance and synthesis throughput. The determination of the optimum composite ultimately hinges on the specifics of the available waste heat source and the required throughput of the material. E-Thesis Swansea University, Wales, UK Thermochemical Materials, Industrial Waste Heat, Thermal Energy Storage, Salt Hydrates, Expanded Graphite, Alginates, Decarbonisation. 3 6 2024 2024-06-03 10.23889/SUThesis.66883 A selection of content is redacted or is partially redacted from this thesis to protect sensitive and personal information COLLEGE NANME COLLEGE CODE Swansea University Jewell, E., & Elvins, J. Doctoral EngD Tata Steel Colors, The Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC via UKRI) EP/S02252X/1, European Social Fund via the Welsh Government (WEFO) (c80816). Tata Steel Colors, The Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC via UKRI) EP/S02252X/1, European Social Fund via the Welsh Government (WEFO) (c80816). 2024-06-24T14:35:50.7260725 2024-06-24T14:09:58.7549741 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Materials Science and Engineering JACK REYNOLDS 1 66883__30736__ff1feeef8f394e4292badc18f52066f7.pdf 2024_Reynolds_J.final.66883.pdf 2024-06-24T14:21:29.0421729 Output 193893232 application/pdf E-Thesis – open access true Copyright: The Author. Jack Daniel Pearce Reynolds, 2024 CC BY - Distributed under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (CC BY 4.0). true https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title Re-use of Industrial Waste Heat Utilising Thermochemical Materials.
spellingShingle Re-use of Industrial Waste Heat Utilising Thermochemical Materials.
JACK REYNOLDS
title_short Re-use of Industrial Waste Heat Utilising Thermochemical Materials.
title_full Re-use of Industrial Waste Heat Utilising Thermochemical Materials.
title_fullStr Re-use of Industrial Waste Heat Utilising Thermochemical Materials.
title_full_unstemmed Re-use of Industrial Waste Heat Utilising Thermochemical Materials.
title_sort Re-use of Industrial Waste Heat Utilising Thermochemical Materials.
author_id_str_mv 758941482e9babf19179658cf5f9be14
author_id_fullname_str_mv 758941482e9babf19179658cf5f9be14_***_JACK REYNOLDS
author JACK REYNOLDS
author2 JACK REYNOLDS
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publishDate 2024
institution Swansea University
doi_str_mv 10.23889/SUThesis.66883
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
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hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Materials Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Materials Science and Engineering
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description With the project aimed at recovering gaseous waste heat from industry, selecting thermochemical materials that match the site’s waste heat is crucial. An initial survey at TATA Colors, Shotton, identified three areas of waste heat generation:Locations A, B, and C, with temperatures around 110 °C, 220 °C, and 500 °C, respectively. Among six materials (salt hydrates and hydroxides) considered for their stability, energy density, and suitable decomposition temperature within the temperatures identified at the three locations, CaCl2 emerged as the most promising reactive material. Typically, salt hydrates are impregnated within porous matrices, a method known to mitigate hysteresis and enhance reaction rates. Expanded graphite (EG) was selected for the matrix component for its high surface area and thermal conductivity. An assessment of three EG-based matrices led to choosing EG and alginate-based matrices for detailed evaluation in this project. This comparative analysis identified milled expanded graphite (mEG) synthesised via the mould method (mEG-M) as the superior composite among those evaluated. Two lab-scale reactors of different sizes were developed to evaluate the charging performance of the composites. The charge reactions were monitored via temperature and mass logging within the reactor. Although the charge analysis was conducted below 200 °C, both reactors could accommodate temperatures up to 500-600 °C, covering the possibility to simulate all three identified locations. Adjusting salt loading within the mEG-M revealed that reduced salt loading optimises material performance and stability. A 60 % salt bath concentration, achieving approximately 70.9 wt% salt loading, significantly increased porosity.This adjustment facilitated improved kinetics and stability, accommodating expansion and deliquescence. Adjusting the composite size had less effect on charge kinetics but did influence discharge performance and synthesis throughput. The determination of the optimum composite ultimately hinges on the specifics of the available waste heat source and the required throughput of the material.
published_date 2024-06-03T14:35:49Z
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