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Humidity modifies species‐specific and age‐dependent heat stress effects in an insect host‐parasitoid interaction
Ecology and Evolution, Volume: 14, Issue: 7, Start page: e70047
Swansea University Authors:
Christophe Coste, Chenggui Yuan , Mike Fowler
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DOI (Published version): 10.1002/ece3.70047
Abstract
Climate change is projected to increase the frequency and intensity of extreme heat events, and may increase humidity levels, leading to coupled thermal and hydric stress. However, how humidity modulates the impacts of heat stress on species and their interactions is currently unknown. Using an inse...
Published in: | Ecology and Evolution |
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ISSN: | 2045-7758 2045-7758 |
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2024
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However, how humidity modulates the impacts of heat stress on species and their interactions is currently unknown. Using an insect host-parasitoid interaction: the Indian meal moth, Plodia interpunctella, and its endoparasitoid wasp, Venturia canescens, we investigated how humidity interacted with heat stress duration, applied at different host developmental stages, to affect life history traits. Hosts parasitized as 4th instar larvae and unparasitized hosts were maintained in high- (60.8% RH) or low-humidity (32.5% RH) at constant 28°C. They were then exposed to a 38°C thermal stress with a duration of 0 (no heat stress), 6 or 72 h in either the 4th or 5th host instar. Neither humidity nor heat stress duration affected emergence of unparasitized hosts, but increasing heat stress duration during the 4th instar decreased parasitoid emergence irrespective of humidity. When applied during the 5th instar, increasing heat duration decreased parasitoid emergence under low humidity, but no effect of heat stress was found under high humidity. Moreover, experiencing longer heat stress in the 4th instar increased host larval development time and decreased body size under high humidity, but this effect differed under low humidity; increasing heat duration in the 5th instar decreased parasitoid body sizes only under low humidity. Larval stage and heat stress duration directly affected parasitized host survival time, with a concomitant indirect reduction of parasitoid sizes. We show that humidity modifies key life history responses of hosts and parasitoids to heat stress in species-specific ways, highlighting the potential importance of humidity in regulating host-parasitoid interactions and their population dynamics. 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spelling |
v2 67171 2024-07-24 Humidity modifies species‐specific and age‐dependent heat stress effects in an insect host‐parasitoid interaction 8191af157a7cfb3a4249cfc270a7116a Christophe Coste Christophe Coste true false 22b571d1cba717a58e526805bd9abea0 0000-0003-0486-5450 Chenggui Yuan Chenggui Yuan true false a3a29027498d4b43a3f082a0a5ba16b4 0000-0003-1544-0407 Mike Fowler Mike Fowler true false 2024-07-24 BGPS Climate change is projected to increase the frequency and intensity of extreme heat events, and may increase humidity levels, leading to coupled thermal and hydric stress. However, how humidity modulates the impacts of heat stress on species and their interactions is currently unknown. Using an insect host-parasitoid interaction: the Indian meal moth, Plodia interpunctella, and its endoparasitoid wasp, Venturia canescens, we investigated how humidity interacted with heat stress duration, applied at different host developmental stages, to affect life history traits. Hosts parasitized as 4th instar larvae and unparasitized hosts were maintained in high- (60.8% RH) or low-humidity (32.5% RH) at constant 28°C. They were then exposed to a 38°C thermal stress with a duration of 0 (no heat stress), 6 or 72 h in either the 4th or 5th host instar. Neither humidity nor heat stress duration affected emergence of unparasitized hosts, but increasing heat stress duration during the 4th instar decreased parasitoid emergence irrespective of humidity. When applied during the 5th instar, increasing heat duration decreased parasitoid emergence under low humidity, but no effect of heat stress was found under high humidity. Moreover, experiencing longer heat stress in the 4th instar increased host larval development time and decreased body size under high humidity, but this effect differed under low humidity; increasing heat duration in the 5th instar decreased parasitoid body sizes only under low humidity. Larval stage and heat stress duration directly affected parasitized host survival time, with a concomitant indirect reduction of parasitoid sizes. We show that humidity modifies key life history responses of hosts and parasitoids to heat stress in species-specific ways, highlighting the potential importance of humidity in regulating host-parasitoid interactions and their population dynamics. Finally, we emphasize that interactions between environmental stressors need to be considered in climate change research. Journal Article Ecology and Evolution 14 7 e70047 Wiley 2045-7758 2045-7758 bottom-up effect, environmental stress, extinction, insect decline, phenotypic traits, species interactions 21 7 2024 2024-07-21 10.1002/ece3.70047 COLLEGE NANME Biosciences Geography and Physics School COLLEGE CODE BGPS Swansea University Another institution paid the OA fee Natural Environment Research Council. Grant Number: NE/W006731/1 2024-08-29T16:57:15.5680497 2024-07-24T15:51:38.0089292 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences Dongbo Li 0000-0003-0471-7917 1 Benjamin Brough 2 Jasper W. Rees 3 Christophe Coste 4 Chenggui Yuan 0000-0003-0486-5450 5 Mike Fowler 0000-0003-1544-0407 6 Steven M. Sait 0000-0002-7208-8617 7 67171__30966__0be1bc37477c4f4aa39e0e2e7095f27f.pdf Li_etal_2024_EE.pdf 2024-07-24T16:00:07.8093217 Output 5306753 application/pdf Version of Record true © 2024 The Author(s). This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 262 true https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.0p2ngf28f false |
title |
Humidity modifies species‐specific and age‐dependent heat stress effects in an insect host‐parasitoid interaction |
spellingShingle |
Humidity modifies species‐specific and age‐dependent heat stress effects in an insect host‐parasitoid interaction Christophe Coste Chenggui Yuan Mike Fowler |
title_short |
Humidity modifies species‐specific and age‐dependent heat stress effects in an insect host‐parasitoid interaction |
title_full |
Humidity modifies species‐specific and age‐dependent heat stress effects in an insect host‐parasitoid interaction |
title_fullStr |
Humidity modifies species‐specific and age‐dependent heat stress effects in an insect host‐parasitoid interaction |
title_full_unstemmed |
Humidity modifies species‐specific and age‐dependent heat stress effects in an insect host‐parasitoid interaction |
title_sort |
Humidity modifies species‐specific and age‐dependent heat stress effects in an insect host‐parasitoid interaction |
author_id_str_mv |
8191af157a7cfb3a4249cfc270a7116a 22b571d1cba717a58e526805bd9abea0 a3a29027498d4b43a3f082a0a5ba16b4 |
author_id_fullname_str_mv |
8191af157a7cfb3a4249cfc270a7116a_***_Christophe Coste 22b571d1cba717a58e526805bd9abea0_***_Chenggui Yuan a3a29027498d4b43a3f082a0a5ba16b4_***_Mike Fowler |
author |
Christophe Coste Chenggui Yuan Mike Fowler |
author2 |
Dongbo Li Benjamin Brough Jasper W. Rees Christophe Coste Chenggui Yuan Mike Fowler Steven M. Sait |
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Ecology and Evolution |
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14 |
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7 |
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e70047 |
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Swansea University |
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2045-7758 2045-7758 |
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10.1002/ece3.70047 |
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Wiley |
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Faculty of Science and Engineering |
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School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences |
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description |
Climate change is projected to increase the frequency and intensity of extreme heat events, and may increase humidity levels, leading to coupled thermal and hydric stress. However, how humidity modulates the impacts of heat stress on species and their interactions is currently unknown. Using an insect host-parasitoid interaction: the Indian meal moth, Plodia interpunctella, and its endoparasitoid wasp, Venturia canescens, we investigated how humidity interacted with heat stress duration, applied at different host developmental stages, to affect life history traits. Hosts parasitized as 4th instar larvae and unparasitized hosts were maintained in high- (60.8% RH) or low-humidity (32.5% RH) at constant 28°C. They were then exposed to a 38°C thermal stress with a duration of 0 (no heat stress), 6 or 72 h in either the 4th or 5th host instar. Neither humidity nor heat stress duration affected emergence of unparasitized hosts, but increasing heat stress duration during the 4th instar decreased parasitoid emergence irrespective of humidity. When applied during the 5th instar, increasing heat duration decreased parasitoid emergence under low humidity, but no effect of heat stress was found under high humidity. Moreover, experiencing longer heat stress in the 4th instar increased host larval development time and decreased body size under high humidity, but this effect differed under low humidity; increasing heat duration in the 5th instar decreased parasitoid body sizes only under low humidity. Larval stage and heat stress duration directly affected parasitized host survival time, with a concomitant indirect reduction of parasitoid sizes. We show that humidity modifies key life history responses of hosts and parasitoids to heat stress in species-specific ways, highlighting the potential importance of humidity in regulating host-parasitoid interactions and their population dynamics. Finally, we emphasize that interactions between environmental stressors need to be considered in climate change research. |
published_date |
2024-07-21T16:57:13Z |
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1808738060629704704 |
score |
11.024221 |