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Odor-active volatile compounds in preterm breastmilk

Mariana Muelbert Orcid Logo, Laura Galante Orcid Logo, Tanith Alexander, Jane E. Harding Orcid Logo, Chris Pook Orcid Logo, Frank H. Bloomfield Orcid Logo

Pediatric Research, Volume: 91, Issue: 6, Pages: 1493 - 1504

Swansea University Author: Laura Galante Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1038/s41390-021-01556-w

Abstract

Background: Volatile compounds in breastmilk (BM) likely influence flavor learning and, through the cephalic phase response, metabolism, and digestion. Little is known about the volatile compounds present in preterm BM. We investigated whether maternal or infant characteristics are associated with t...

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Published in: Pediatric Research
ISSN: 0031-3998 1530-0447
Published: Springer Science and Business Media LLC 2022
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa68013
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spelling 2025-02-12T13:50:16.8972575 v2 68013 2024-10-18 Odor-active volatile compounds in preterm breastmilk d1c6c22f6a863ef2050ed9768566884b 0000-0002-6190-7955 Laura Galante Laura Galante true false 2024-10-18 MEDS Background: Volatile compounds in breastmilk (BM) likely influence flavor learning and, through the cephalic phase response, metabolism, and digestion. Little is known about the volatile compounds present in preterm BM. We investigated whether maternal or infant characteristics are associated with the profile of volatile compounds in preterm BM. Methods: Using solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, we analyzed volatile compounds in 400 BM samples collected from 170 mothers of preterm infants. Results: Forty volatile compounds were detected, mostly fatty acids and their esters (FA and FAe), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), aldehydes, terpenoids, alcohols, and ketones. The relative concentration of most FA and FAe increased with advancing lactation and were lower in BM of most socially deprived mothers and those with gestational diabetes (p < 0.05), but medium-chain FAs were higher in colostrum compared to transitional BM (p < 0.001). Infant sex, gestational age, and size at birth were not associated with the profile of volatile compounds in preterm BM. Conclusions: Sensory-active volatile FA and FAe are the major contributors to the smell of preterm BM. The associations between lactation stage, maternal characteristics, and volatile compounds, and whether differences in volatile compounds may affect feeding behavior or metabolism, requires further research. Journal Article Pediatric Research 91 6 1493 1504 Springer Science and Business Media LLC 0031-3998 1530-0447 1 5 2022 2022-05-01 10.1038/s41390-021-01556-w COLLEGE NANME Medical School COLLEGE CODE MEDS Swansea University Another institution paid the OA fee 2025-02-12T13:50:16.8972575 2024-10-18T08:56:08.4858988 Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences School of Health and Social Care - Public Health Mariana Muelbert 0000-0002-9551-4869 1 Laura Galante 0000-0002-6190-7955 2 Tanith Alexander 3 Jane E. Harding 0000-0003-2697-1422 4 Chris Pook 0000-0002-0932-1965 5 Frank H. Bloomfield 0000-0001-6424-6577 6 68013__33201__5a236a56d875458eac9bd8a0053cbc6f.pdf 68013.VoR.pdf 2024-12-20T12:46:31.5871460 Output 1329383 application/pdf Version of Record true © The Author(s) 2021. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title Odor-active volatile compounds in preterm breastmilk
spellingShingle Odor-active volatile compounds in preterm breastmilk
Laura Galante
title_short Odor-active volatile compounds in preterm breastmilk
title_full Odor-active volatile compounds in preterm breastmilk
title_fullStr Odor-active volatile compounds in preterm breastmilk
title_full_unstemmed Odor-active volatile compounds in preterm breastmilk
title_sort Odor-active volatile compounds in preterm breastmilk
author_id_str_mv d1c6c22f6a863ef2050ed9768566884b
author_id_fullname_str_mv d1c6c22f6a863ef2050ed9768566884b_***_Laura Galante
author Laura Galante
author2 Mariana Muelbert
Laura Galante
Tanith Alexander
Jane E. Harding
Chris Pook
Frank H. Bloomfield
format Journal article
container_title Pediatric Research
container_volume 91
container_issue 6
container_start_page 1493
publishDate 2022
institution Swansea University
issn 0031-3998
1530-0447
doi_str_mv 10.1038/s41390-021-01556-w
publisher Springer Science and Business Media LLC
college_str Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
department_str School of Health and Social Care - Public Health{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences{{{_:::_}}}School of Health and Social Care - Public Health
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description Background: Volatile compounds in breastmilk (BM) likely influence flavor learning and, through the cephalic phase response, metabolism, and digestion. Little is known about the volatile compounds present in preterm BM. We investigated whether maternal or infant characteristics are associated with the profile of volatile compounds in preterm BM. Methods: Using solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, we analyzed volatile compounds in 400 BM samples collected from 170 mothers of preterm infants. Results: Forty volatile compounds were detected, mostly fatty acids and their esters (FA and FAe), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), aldehydes, terpenoids, alcohols, and ketones. The relative concentration of most FA and FAe increased with advancing lactation and were lower in BM of most socially deprived mothers and those with gestational diabetes (p < 0.05), but medium-chain FAs were higher in colostrum compared to transitional BM (p < 0.001). Infant sex, gestational age, and size at birth were not associated with the profile of volatile compounds in preterm BM. Conclusions: Sensory-active volatile FA and FAe are the major contributors to the smell of preterm BM. The associations between lactation stage, maternal characteristics, and volatile compounds, and whether differences in volatile compounds may affect feeding behavior or metabolism, requires further research.
published_date 2022-05-01T08:24:35Z
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