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Class imbalance Bayesian model averaging for consumer loan default prediction: The role of soft credit information

Futian Weng Orcid Logo, Miao Zhu, Mike Buckle, Petr Hajek Orcid Logo, Mohammad Abedin Orcid Logo

Research in International Business and Finance, Volume: 74, Start page: 102722

Swansea University Author: Mohammad Abedin Orcid Logo

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Abstract

This study investigates the predictive value of soft information for consumer loan defaults. We propose a novel framework to address class imbalance by utilizing the concept of Bayesian model averaging. Specifically, we assign unequal weights to machine learning sub-models that incorporate different...

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Published in: Research in International Business and Finance
ISSN: 0275-5319
Published: Elsevier BV 2025
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa68662
Abstract: This study investigates the predictive value of soft information for consumer loan defaults. We propose a novel framework to address class imbalance by utilizing the concept of Bayesian model averaging. Specifically, we assign unequal weights to machine learning sub-models that incorporate different combinations of variables, thereby creating an accurate and robust model for predicting consumer loan defaults. Additionally, this framework incorporates the Shapley additive explanations (SHAP) method to estimate individual contributions and employs the Bayesian information criterion to assess the variable contributions of the sub-models. We validate the effectiveness and robustness of our proposed method using authentic loan data and publicly available credit default records from a prominent consumer platform in China. Our empirical research suggests that the characteristics of user online behavior are significantly predictive of loan defaults, demonstrating asymmetry at different stages of default.
Keywords: Consumer loan, Soft credit information, Class imbalance, Bayesian model averaging, Variable contribution
College: Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences
Start Page: 102722