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Center vortex evidence for a second finite-temperature QCD transition

Jackson A. Mickley Orcid Logo, Chris Allton Orcid Logo, Ryan Bignell Orcid Logo, Derek Leinweber Orcid Logo

Physical Review D, Volume: 111, Issue: 3

Swansea University Authors: Chris Allton Orcid Logo, Ryan Bignell Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1103/physrevd.111.034508

Abstract

Evidence for the existence of a second finite-temperature transition in quantum chromodynamics (QCD) is obtained through the study of center vortex geometry and its evolution with temperature. The dynamical anisotropic ensembles of the Fastsum Collaboration are utilized to conduct a comprehensive an...

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Published in: Physical Review D
ISSN: 2470-0010 2470-0029
Published: American Physical Society (APS) 2025
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa69301
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The dynamical anisotropic ensembles of the Fastsum Collaboration are utilized to conduct a comprehensive analysis at eight temperatures beyond the established chiral transition. Visualizations of the center vortex structure in temporal and spatial slices of the lattice reveal that vortex percolation persists through the chiral transition and ceases at a temperature that is approximately twice the chiral transition temperature . This implies that confinement is retained through temperatures up to &#x2248;2&#x2062;, pointing toward a second transition corresponding to deconfinement. The loss of percolation is quantified by the vortex cluster extent, providing a clear signal for the deconfinement transition. Additional vortex statistics, including temporal correlations, vortex and branching point densities, the number of secondary clusters and vortex chain lengths between branching points, are scrutinized as a function of temperature. All ten measures investigated herein show the characteristics of two transitions in QCD, encompassing the chiral transition at and the deconfinement transition at &#x2248;2&#x2062;. Performing an inflection point analysis on the vortex and branching point densities produces an estimate of that agrees with the known Fastsum value. 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spelling 2025-05-12T13:44:47.5798282 v2 69301 2025-04-16 Center vortex evidence for a second finite-temperature QCD transition de706a260fa1e1e47430693e135f41c7 0000-0003-0795-124X Chris Allton Chris Allton true false ed4db571151f28021668b4a28b3db4d8 0000-0001-8401-1345 Ryan Bignell Ryan Bignell true false 2025-04-16 BGPS Evidence for the existence of a second finite-temperature transition in quantum chromodynamics (QCD) is obtained through the study of center vortex geometry and its evolution with temperature. The dynamical anisotropic ensembles of the Fastsum Collaboration are utilized to conduct a comprehensive analysis at eight temperatures beyond the established chiral transition. Visualizations of the center vortex structure in temporal and spatial slices of the lattice reveal that vortex percolation persists through the chiral transition and ceases at a temperature that is approximately twice the chiral transition temperature . This implies that confinement is retained through temperatures up to ≈2⁢, pointing toward a second transition corresponding to deconfinement. The loss of percolation is quantified by the vortex cluster extent, providing a clear signal for the deconfinement transition. Additional vortex statistics, including temporal correlations, vortex and branching point densities, the number of secondary clusters and vortex chain lengths between branching points, are scrutinized as a function of temperature. All ten measures investigated herein show the characteristics of two transitions in QCD, encompassing the chiral transition at and the deconfinement transition at ≈2⁢. Performing an inflection point analysis on the vortex and branching point densities produces an estimate of that agrees with the known Fastsum value. By the same procedure, a precise estimate of the deconfinement point is extracted as =321⁢(6)  MeV. Journal Article Physical Review D 111 3 American Physical Society (APS) 2470-0010 2470-0029 14 2 2025 2025-02-14 10.1103/physrevd.111.034508 COLLEGE NANME Biosciences Geography and Physics School COLLEGE CODE BGPS Swansea University External research funder(s) paid the OA fee (includes OA grants disbursed by the Library) This research was supported by the Australian Research Council through Grant No. DP210103706. C. A. is grateful for support via STFC Grant No. ST/X000648/1 and the award of a Southgate Fellowship from the University of Adelaide. R. B. acknowledges support from a Science Foundation Ireland Frontiers for the Future Project award with Grant No. SFI-21/FFP-P/10186. 2025-05-12T13:44:47.5798282 2025-04-16T13:36:52.3997896 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Physics Jackson A. Mickley 0000-0001-5294-2823 1 Chris Allton 0000-0003-0795-124X 2 Ryan Bignell 0000-0001-8401-1345 3 Derek Leinweber 0000-0002-4745-6027 4 69301__34249__f032837ab2ab4592ad1fe19a3fb5d887.pdf 69301.VoR.pdf 2025-05-12T13:41:07.8698329 Output 11166876 application/pdf Version of Record true Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. true eng https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title Center vortex evidence for a second finite-temperature QCD transition
spellingShingle Center vortex evidence for a second finite-temperature QCD transition
Chris Allton
Ryan Bignell
title_short Center vortex evidence for a second finite-temperature QCD transition
title_full Center vortex evidence for a second finite-temperature QCD transition
title_fullStr Center vortex evidence for a second finite-temperature QCD transition
title_full_unstemmed Center vortex evidence for a second finite-temperature QCD transition
title_sort Center vortex evidence for a second finite-temperature QCD transition
author_id_str_mv de706a260fa1e1e47430693e135f41c7
ed4db571151f28021668b4a28b3db4d8
author_id_fullname_str_mv de706a260fa1e1e47430693e135f41c7_***_Chris Allton
ed4db571151f28021668b4a28b3db4d8_***_Ryan Bignell
author Chris Allton
Ryan Bignell
author2 Jackson A. Mickley
Chris Allton
Ryan Bignell
Derek Leinweber
format Journal article
container_title Physical Review D
container_volume 111
container_issue 3
publishDate 2025
institution Swansea University
issn 2470-0010
2470-0029
doi_str_mv 10.1103/physrevd.111.034508
publisher American Physical Society (APS)
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
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hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Physics{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Physics
document_store_str 1
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description Evidence for the existence of a second finite-temperature transition in quantum chromodynamics (QCD) is obtained through the study of center vortex geometry and its evolution with temperature. The dynamical anisotropic ensembles of the Fastsum Collaboration are utilized to conduct a comprehensive analysis at eight temperatures beyond the established chiral transition. Visualizations of the center vortex structure in temporal and spatial slices of the lattice reveal that vortex percolation persists through the chiral transition and ceases at a temperature that is approximately twice the chiral transition temperature . This implies that confinement is retained through temperatures up to ≈2⁢, pointing toward a second transition corresponding to deconfinement. The loss of percolation is quantified by the vortex cluster extent, providing a clear signal for the deconfinement transition. Additional vortex statistics, including temporal correlations, vortex and branching point densities, the number of secondary clusters and vortex chain lengths between branching points, are scrutinized as a function of temperature. All ten measures investigated herein show the characteristics of two transitions in QCD, encompassing the chiral transition at and the deconfinement transition at ≈2⁢. Performing an inflection point analysis on the vortex and branching point densities produces an estimate of that agrees with the known Fastsum value. By the same procedure, a precise estimate of the deconfinement point is extracted as =321⁢(6)  MeV.
published_date 2025-02-14T12:25:20Z
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