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Analysis of brainstem activitywith fMRI during low-level of pain- a feasibility study with innocuous cold stimuli

Haydar A. Al-Shimmari, Gareth Noble Orcid Logo, Richard Hugtenburg Orcid Logo, Stephen S Johnston

Diyala Journal of Medicine, Volume: 11, Issue: 1 (2016)

Swansea University Authors: Gareth Noble Orcid Logo, Richard Hugtenburg Orcid Logo

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Abstract

Background: In functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)studies, there are limitedpublished data on the functional map of the human brainstem.Objective: The primary goals of this pilot study were to assess the feasibility and to map the neural activity in the human brainstem with fMRIby equal int...

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Published in: Diyala Journal of Medicine
ISSN: 2219-9764 2617-8982
Published: College of Medicine – University of Diyala, Baqubah, Diyala, Iraq 2016
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa69664
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Noxious thermal stimuli was applied on the peripheral sensitisation nerves on the arm. FMRI data spanned from the brainstem location by a 32-head channel and analysed using a fixed-effects General Linear Model to discriminate signal intensity changes from physiological motion. The results were normalised and combined to show the activity at each location on a voxel-by-voxel basis. Areas of physiological activity were recognisedwith comparison to the number of atlases.Results: Noxious and innocuous related activation clusters were approved in thisapplied method. There were considerable activity in the midbrain, pons, medulla and reticular formation. The results of this pilot study are similar and in some anatomical regions even better with head coils than obtained with previous fMRI spinal coil studies.We obtained evidence of localization of the following nuclei by using this method, asfollows: major activities in the inferior anterior parts of pons and the junction with medulla includes the (olive and pyramids),superior cerebella pundicle, rostral portion of medulla (RMV), Broadmann areas [5,2] touch and temperature sensation areas with the innocuous stimuli; activation in the left side of the medulla the (olive and pyramids), the left side of pons, the left side of midbrain, Broadmann area [5,7] pain and temperature sensation areas with noxious stimuli.Conclusion:This pilotstudy provides useful evidenceoflow-painful and innocuous information transmitted between the peripheral nervous system and the central nervous system in healthy participants.It also demonstrates how peripheral sensitisation induces physiological changes in the brainstem correlates with noxious and innocuous thermal transmission.</abstract><type>Journal Article</type><journal>Diyala Journal of Medicine</journal><volume>11</volume><journalNumber>1 (2016)</journalNumber><paginationStart/><paginationEnd/><publisher>College of Medicine &#x2013; University of Diyala, Baqubah, Diyala, Iraq</publisher><placeOfPublication/><isbnPrint/><isbnElectronic/><issnPrint>2219-9764</issnPrint><issnElectronic>2617-8982</issnElectronic><keywords>MRI, pain, brainstem, PAG, RVM, midbrain, rostral ventromedial medulla, pons</keywords><publishedDay>1</publishedDay><publishedMonth>10</publishedMonth><publishedYear>2016</publishedYear><publishedDate>2016-10-01</publishedDate><doi/><url>https://djm.uodiyala.edu.iq/index.php/djm/article/view/231</url><notes/><college>COLLEGE NANME</college><department>Medical School</department><CollegeCode>COLLEGE CODE</CollegeCode><DepartmentCode>MEDS</DepartmentCode><institution>Swansea University</institution><apcterm/><funders/><projectreference/><lastEdited>2025-07-15T11:08:59.6317068</lastEdited><Created>2025-06-09T18:42:31.8847026</Created><path><level id="1">Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences</level><level id="2">Swansea University Medical School - Biomedical Science</level></path><authors><author><firstname>Haydar A.</firstname><surname>Al-Shimmari</surname><order>1</order></author><author><firstname>Gareth</firstname><surname>Noble</surname><orcid>0000-0002-4588-049X</orcid><order>2</order></author><author><firstname>Richard</firstname><surname>Hugtenburg</surname><orcid>0000-0003-0352-9607</orcid><order>3</order></author><author><firstname>Stephen S</firstname><surname>Johnston</surname><order>4</order></author></authors><documents><document><filename>69664__34763__a1bfb71b2b4f481ca4979a53bc70eb99.pdf</filename><originalFilename>69664.VoR.pdf</originalFilename><uploaded>2025-07-15T11:06:29.4743700</uploaded><type>Output</type><contentLength>607541</contentLength><contentType>application/pdf</contentType><version>Version of Record</version><cronfaStatus>true</cronfaStatus><documentNotes>Released under the terms of a Creative Commons (CC-BY-4.0) license.</documentNotes><copyrightCorrect>true</copyrightCorrect><language>eng</language><licence>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</licence></document></documents><OutputDurs/></rfc1807>
spelling 2025-07-15T11:08:59.6317068 v2 69664 2025-06-09 Analysis of brainstem activitywith fMRI during low-level of pain- a feasibility study with innocuous cold stimuli 476946fc3ee4292ef85476dedad3e84b 0000-0002-4588-049X Gareth Noble Gareth Noble true false efd2f52ea19cb047e01a01e6fa6fa54c 0000-0003-0352-9607 Richard Hugtenburg Richard Hugtenburg true false 2025-06-09 MEDS Background: In functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)studies, there are limitedpublished data on the functional map of the human brainstem.Objective: The primary goals of this pilot study were to assess the feasibility and to map the neural activity in the human brainstem with fMRIby equal intensity by low-level of thermal stimuli on the peripheral sensors of the skin.Patients and Methods: FMRI studies of the brainstem were carried out on 6healthyindividuals in a 3T MRI machine. Noxious thermal stimuli was applied on the peripheral sensitisation nerves on the arm. FMRI data spanned from the brainstem location by a 32-head channel and analysed using a fixed-effects General Linear Model to discriminate signal intensity changes from physiological motion. The results were normalised and combined to show the activity at each location on a voxel-by-voxel basis. Areas of physiological activity were recognisedwith comparison to the number of atlases.Results: Noxious and innocuous related activation clusters were approved in thisapplied method. There were considerable activity in the midbrain, pons, medulla and reticular formation. The results of this pilot study are similar and in some anatomical regions even better with head coils than obtained with previous fMRI spinal coil studies.We obtained evidence of localization of the following nuclei by using this method, asfollows: major activities in the inferior anterior parts of pons and the junction with medulla includes the (olive and pyramids),superior cerebella pundicle, rostral portion of medulla (RMV), Broadmann areas [5,2] touch and temperature sensation areas with the innocuous stimuli; activation in the left side of the medulla the (olive and pyramids), the left side of pons, the left side of midbrain, Broadmann area [5,7] pain and temperature sensation areas with noxious stimuli.Conclusion:This pilotstudy provides useful evidenceoflow-painful and innocuous information transmitted between the peripheral nervous system and the central nervous system in healthy participants.It also demonstrates how peripheral sensitisation induces physiological changes in the brainstem correlates with noxious and innocuous thermal transmission. Journal Article Diyala Journal of Medicine 11 1 (2016) College of Medicine – University of Diyala, Baqubah, Diyala, Iraq 2219-9764 2617-8982 MRI, pain, brainstem, PAG, RVM, midbrain, rostral ventromedial medulla, pons 1 10 2016 2016-10-01 https://djm.uodiyala.edu.iq/index.php/djm/article/view/231 COLLEGE NANME Medical School COLLEGE CODE MEDS Swansea University 2025-07-15T11:08:59.6317068 2025-06-09T18:42:31.8847026 Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences Swansea University Medical School - Biomedical Science Haydar A. Al-Shimmari 1 Gareth Noble 0000-0002-4588-049X 2 Richard Hugtenburg 0000-0003-0352-9607 3 Stephen S Johnston 4 69664__34763__a1bfb71b2b4f481ca4979a53bc70eb99.pdf 69664.VoR.pdf 2025-07-15T11:06:29.4743700 Output 607541 application/pdf Version of Record true Released under the terms of a Creative Commons (CC-BY-4.0) license. true eng https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title Analysis of brainstem activitywith fMRI during low-level of pain- a feasibility study with innocuous cold stimuli
spellingShingle Analysis of brainstem activitywith fMRI during low-level of pain- a feasibility study with innocuous cold stimuli
Gareth Noble
Richard Hugtenburg
title_short Analysis of brainstem activitywith fMRI during low-level of pain- a feasibility study with innocuous cold stimuli
title_full Analysis of brainstem activitywith fMRI during low-level of pain- a feasibility study with innocuous cold stimuli
title_fullStr Analysis of brainstem activitywith fMRI during low-level of pain- a feasibility study with innocuous cold stimuli
title_full_unstemmed Analysis of brainstem activitywith fMRI during low-level of pain- a feasibility study with innocuous cold stimuli
title_sort Analysis of brainstem activitywith fMRI during low-level of pain- a feasibility study with innocuous cold stimuli
author_id_str_mv 476946fc3ee4292ef85476dedad3e84b
efd2f52ea19cb047e01a01e6fa6fa54c
author_id_fullname_str_mv 476946fc3ee4292ef85476dedad3e84b_***_Gareth Noble
efd2f52ea19cb047e01a01e6fa6fa54c_***_Richard Hugtenburg
author Gareth Noble
Richard Hugtenburg
author2 Haydar A. Al-Shimmari
Gareth Noble
Richard Hugtenburg
Stephen S Johnston
format Journal article
container_title Diyala Journal of Medicine
container_volume 11
container_issue 1 (2016)
publishDate 2016
institution Swansea University
issn 2219-9764
2617-8982
publisher College of Medicine – University of Diyala, Baqubah, Diyala, Iraq
college_str Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
department_str Swansea University Medical School - Biomedical Science{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences{{{_:::_}}}Swansea University Medical School - Biomedical Science
url https://djm.uodiyala.edu.iq/index.php/djm/article/view/231
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description Background: In functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)studies, there are limitedpublished data on the functional map of the human brainstem.Objective: The primary goals of this pilot study were to assess the feasibility and to map the neural activity in the human brainstem with fMRIby equal intensity by low-level of thermal stimuli on the peripheral sensors of the skin.Patients and Methods: FMRI studies of the brainstem were carried out on 6healthyindividuals in a 3T MRI machine. Noxious thermal stimuli was applied on the peripheral sensitisation nerves on the arm. FMRI data spanned from the brainstem location by a 32-head channel and analysed using a fixed-effects General Linear Model to discriminate signal intensity changes from physiological motion. The results were normalised and combined to show the activity at each location on a voxel-by-voxel basis. Areas of physiological activity were recognisedwith comparison to the number of atlases.Results: Noxious and innocuous related activation clusters were approved in thisapplied method. There were considerable activity in the midbrain, pons, medulla and reticular formation. The results of this pilot study are similar and in some anatomical regions even better with head coils than obtained with previous fMRI spinal coil studies.We obtained evidence of localization of the following nuclei by using this method, asfollows: major activities in the inferior anterior parts of pons and the junction with medulla includes the (olive and pyramids),superior cerebella pundicle, rostral portion of medulla (RMV), Broadmann areas [5,2] touch and temperature sensation areas with the innocuous stimuli; activation in the left side of the medulla the (olive and pyramids), the left side of pons, the left side of midbrain, Broadmann area [5,7] pain and temperature sensation areas with noxious stimuli.Conclusion:This pilotstudy provides useful evidenceoflow-painful and innocuous information transmitted between the peripheral nervous system and the central nervous system in healthy participants.It also demonstrates how peripheral sensitisation induces physiological changes in the brainstem correlates with noxious and innocuous thermal transmission.
published_date 2016-10-01T05:25:12Z
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