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High-fidelity modelling of floor-borne vibrations in axisymmetric MRI magnets using hp-finite element method

Yashwanth Sooriyakanthan, Antonio Gil Orcid Logo, Paul Ledger, Michael J. Mallett

Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, Volume: 447, Start page: 118385

Swansea University Authors: Yashwanth Sooriyakanthan, Antonio Gil Orcid Logo, Paul Ledger

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DOI (Published version): 10.1016/j.cma.2025.118385

Abstract

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) relies on the stability of highly uniform fields from uperconducting main coils and spatially varying fields from AC-driven gradient coils. Both types of coils are thermally separated, as the main coils are cryogenically cooled within a cryostat whilst gradient coils...

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Published in: Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering
ISSN: 0045-7825 1879-2138
Published: Elsevier BV 2025
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa70378
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Both types of coils are thermally separated, as the main coils are cryogenically cooled within a cryostat whilst gradient coils operate at room temperature. Externally generated floor-borne vibrations (FBV) can induce relative motion between radiation shields and coils, generating eddy currents in the shields. These in turn produce parasitic magnetic fields that compromise field homogeneity and degrade image quality. This paper presents a high-fidelity computational framework for simulating themagneto-mechanical effects of FBV in axisymmetric MRI scanners to inform the manufacturing design workflow. The approach introduces three key advancements: first, a nonlinear, fully coupled magneto-mechanical formulation solved using hp-Finite Element Methods (hp-FEM) in the open-source NGSolve framework, with a focus onoptimal interpolation order p and time step size; second, explicit mechanical modelling of both main and gradient coils, moving beyond idealised Biot-Savart type current sources; and third, the use of realistic axi-symmetric geometries with structural connectivity between coils and radiation shields in order to inform preliminary designs in Industry. 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spelling 2025-10-28T14:04:55.8114774 v2 70378 2025-09-18 High-fidelity modelling of floor-borne vibrations in axisymmetric MRI magnets using hp-finite element method f4b91c3bac7ed071bed84cd5f010ee30 Yashwanth Sooriyakanthan Yashwanth Sooriyakanthan true false 1f5666865d1c6de9469f8b7d0d6d30e2 0000-0001-7753-1414 Antonio Gil Antonio Gil true false 068dd31af167bcda33878951b2a01e97 Paul Ledger Paul Ledger true false 2025-09-18 Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) relies on the stability of highly uniform fields from uperconducting main coils and spatially varying fields from AC-driven gradient coils. Both types of coils are thermally separated, as the main coils are cryogenically cooled within a cryostat whilst gradient coils operate at room temperature. Externally generated floor-borne vibrations (FBV) can induce relative motion between radiation shields and coils, generating eddy currents in the shields. These in turn produce parasitic magnetic fields that compromise field homogeneity and degrade image quality. This paper presents a high-fidelity computational framework for simulating themagneto-mechanical effects of FBV in axisymmetric MRI scanners to inform the manufacturing design workflow. The approach introduces three key advancements: first, a nonlinear, fully coupled magneto-mechanical formulation solved using hp-Finite Element Methods (hp-FEM) in the open-source NGSolve framework, with a focus onoptimal interpolation order p and time step size; second, explicit mechanical modelling of both main and gradient coils, moving beyond idealised Biot-Savart type current sources; and third, the use of realistic axi-symmetric geometries with structural connectivity between coils and radiation shields in order to inform preliminary designs in Industry. A comprehensive series of numerical results is presented in order to validate the method against somebenchmarked scenarios and highlight its potential for guiding vibration mitigation and improving MRI image fidelity. Journal Article Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering 447 118385 Elsevier BV 0045-7825 1879-2138 Hp-finite elements; MRI scanners; Eddy currents; Electro-magneto-mechanics; Time vs frequency; Coupled physics; Floor borne vibrations 1 12 2025 2025-12-01 10.1016/j.cma.2025.118385 COLLEGE NANME COLLEGE CODE Swansea University SU Library paid the OA fee (TA Institutional Deal) Y. Sooriyakanthan is grateful to the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council and Siemens Healthineers for a CASE Award PhD studentship that has supported this work. A. J. Gil acknowledges the financial support of UK The Leverhulme Trust through a Leverhulme Trust Fellowship. P.D. Ledger acknowledges the financial support of the UK International Centre for Mathematical Sciences (ICMS) through a KE_Catalyst project. 2025-10-28T14:04:55.8114774 2025-09-18T08:48:05.6522096 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Civil Engineering Yashwanth Sooriyakanthan 1 Antonio Gil 0000-0001-7753-1414 2 Paul Ledger 3 Michael J. Mallett 4 70378__35123__38a4d1b9c6254389b2ffa7cc923b7e44.pdf 70378.VoR.pdf 2025-09-18T11:44:20.8867555 Output 10391770 application/pdf Version of Record true © 2025 The Author(s). This is an open access article under the CC BY license. true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title High-fidelity modelling of floor-borne vibrations in axisymmetric MRI magnets using hp-finite element method
spellingShingle High-fidelity modelling of floor-borne vibrations in axisymmetric MRI magnets using hp-finite element method
Yashwanth Sooriyakanthan
Antonio Gil
Paul Ledger
title_short High-fidelity modelling of floor-borne vibrations in axisymmetric MRI magnets using hp-finite element method
title_full High-fidelity modelling of floor-borne vibrations in axisymmetric MRI magnets using hp-finite element method
title_fullStr High-fidelity modelling of floor-borne vibrations in axisymmetric MRI magnets using hp-finite element method
title_full_unstemmed High-fidelity modelling of floor-borne vibrations in axisymmetric MRI magnets using hp-finite element method
title_sort High-fidelity modelling of floor-borne vibrations in axisymmetric MRI magnets using hp-finite element method
author_id_str_mv f4b91c3bac7ed071bed84cd5f010ee30
1f5666865d1c6de9469f8b7d0d6d30e2
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author_id_fullname_str_mv f4b91c3bac7ed071bed84cd5f010ee30_***_Yashwanth Sooriyakanthan
1f5666865d1c6de9469f8b7d0d6d30e2_***_Antonio Gil
068dd31af167bcda33878951b2a01e97_***_Paul Ledger
author Yashwanth Sooriyakanthan
Antonio Gil
Paul Ledger
author2 Yashwanth Sooriyakanthan
Antonio Gil
Paul Ledger
Michael J. Mallett
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container_start_page 118385
publishDate 2025
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publisher Elsevier BV
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
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hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
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description Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) relies on the stability of highly uniform fields from uperconducting main coils and spatially varying fields from AC-driven gradient coils. Both types of coils are thermally separated, as the main coils are cryogenically cooled within a cryostat whilst gradient coils operate at room temperature. Externally generated floor-borne vibrations (FBV) can induce relative motion between radiation shields and coils, generating eddy currents in the shields. These in turn produce parasitic magnetic fields that compromise field homogeneity and degrade image quality. This paper presents a high-fidelity computational framework for simulating themagneto-mechanical effects of FBV in axisymmetric MRI scanners to inform the manufacturing design workflow. The approach introduces three key advancements: first, a nonlinear, fully coupled magneto-mechanical formulation solved using hp-Finite Element Methods (hp-FEM) in the open-source NGSolve framework, with a focus onoptimal interpolation order p and time step size; second, explicit mechanical modelling of both main and gradient coils, moving beyond idealised Biot-Savart type current sources; and third, the use of realistic axi-symmetric geometries with structural connectivity between coils and radiation shields in order to inform preliminary designs in Industry. A comprehensive series of numerical results is presented in order to validate the method against somebenchmarked scenarios and highlight its potential for guiding vibration mitigation and improving MRI image fidelity.
published_date 2025-12-01T05:29:29Z
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