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Unlocking Carbon Capture and Storage Potential: Policy Incentives, Economic Challenges, and Infrastructure Integration for CO2 Transport

Nan Liu, Yuqing Zhan, Rui Tan Orcid Logo, Guoqing Zhao Orcid Logo, Jianing Song Orcid Logo

CHAIN, Volume: 2, Issue: 3, Pages: 211 - 226

Swansea University Authors: Rui Tan Orcid Logo, Guoqing Zhao Orcid Logo, Jianing Song Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.23919/chain.2025.000015

Abstract

As countries accelerate efforts to meet carbon neutrality targets, carbon capture and storage (CCS) is gaining renewed attention as a critical mitigation strategy. This review provides a structured synthesis of global CCS policy evolution, highlighting how incentive mechanisms have shifted from gene...

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Published in: CHAIN
ISSN: 2097-3470 2097-3489
Published: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 2025
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa70740
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spelling 2025-11-21T15:05:19.1533353 v2 70740 2025-10-21 Unlocking Carbon Capture and Storage Potential: Policy Incentives, Economic Challenges, and Infrastructure Integration for CO2 Transport 774c33a0a76a9152ca86a156b5ae26ff 0009-0001-9278-7327 Rui Tan Rui Tan true false 2ff29aa347835abe2af6d98fa89064b4 0009-0003-9537-9016 Guoqing Zhao Guoqing Zhao true false 5687c10415ea0828b51f229170d675d7 0000-0003-1444-5011 Jianing Song Jianing Song true false 2025-10-21 EAAS As countries accelerate efforts to meet carbon neutrality targets, carbon capture and storage (CCS) is gaining renewed attention as a critical mitigation strategy. This review provides a structured synthesis of global CCS policy evolution, highlighting how incentive mechanisms have shifted from generic subsidies toward hybrid approaches integrating carbon pricing, green finance, and legal risk-sharing. Building on this, the paper introduces a policy classification framework that categorizes instruments into market-based tools, command-and-control regulations, and institutional support, offering analytical coherence for future cross-country comparisons. Beyond the industrial and power sectors, the review foregrounds an often-overlooked CCS application: addressing residual emissions in hard-to-abate sectors such as transportation. We emphasize the strategic role of CO2 transport infrastructure-including pipelines, shipping routes, and port retrofitting-and introduce a dedicated section analyzing its cost-leveraging effects, infrastructure integration models, and life-cycle trade-offs. By embedding a life-cycle assessment (LCA) perspective, we demonstrate how different transport modes shape both economic and carbon efficiency. Drawing on case studies from the U.S., EU, and China, we distill key governance lessons and identify the enabling conditions for scaling up CCS deployment. The paper also highlights governance gaps related to cross-border infrastructure coordination, carbon market integration, and just siting. Overall, this review contributes to literature on CCS governance and infrastructure transitions by offering a replicable analytical structure, expanding the scope beyond capture technology, and linking fragmented insights into an integrated policy roadmap for large-scale CCS commercialization. Journal Article CHAIN 2 3 211 226 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 2097-3470 2097-3489 carbon capture and storage (CCS), carbon neutrality policy incentive mechanisms, economic viability,climate policy, CO2 transport 11 9 2025 2025-09-11 10.23919/chain.2025.000015 Perspective COLLEGE NANME Engineering and Applied Sciences School COLLEGE CODE EAAS Swansea University Other 2025-11-21T15:05:19.1533353 2025-10-21T09:13:43.0127351 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Chemical Engineering Nan Liu 1 Yuqing Zhan 2 Rui Tan 0009-0001-9278-7327 3 Guoqing Zhao 0009-0003-9537-9016 4 Jianing Song 0000-0003-1444-5011 5 70740__35420__5fae19789fc047a69f0b386b88ea74d1.pdf Unlocking_Carbon_Capture_and_Storage_Potential_Policy_Incentives_Economic_Challenges_and_Infrastructure_Integration_for_CO2_Transport.pdf 2025-10-21T09:16:55.5431971 Output 30198657 application/pdf Version of Record true © The author(s) 2025. The articles published in this open-access journal are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title Unlocking Carbon Capture and Storage Potential: Policy Incentives, Economic Challenges, and Infrastructure Integration for CO2 Transport
spellingShingle Unlocking Carbon Capture and Storage Potential: Policy Incentives, Economic Challenges, and Infrastructure Integration for CO2 Transport
Rui Tan
Guoqing Zhao
Jianing Song
title_short Unlocking Carbon Capture and Storage Potential: Policy Incentives, Economic Challenges, and Infrastructure Integration for CO2 Transport
title_full Unlocking Carbon Capture and Storage Potential: Policy Incentives, Economic Challenges, and Infrastructure Integration for CO2 Transport
title_fullStr Unlocking Carbon Capture and Storage Potential: Policy Incentives, Economic Challenges, and Infrastructure Integration for CO2 Transport
title_full_unstemmed Unlocking Carbon Capture and Storage Potential: Policy Incentives, Economic Challenges, and Infrastructure Integration for CO2 Transport
title_sort Unlocking Carbon Capture and Storage Potential: Policy Incentives, Economic Challenges, and Infrastructure Integration for CO2 Transport
author_id_str_mv 774c33a0a76a9152ca86a156b5ae26ff
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author_id_fullname_str_mv 774c33a0a76a9152ca86a156b5ae26ff_***_Rui Tan
2ff29aa347835abe2af6d98fa89064b4_***_Guoqing Zhao
5687c10415ea0828b51f229170d675d7_***_Jianing Song
author Rui Tan
Guoqing Zhao
Jianing Song
author2 Nan Liu
Yuqing Zhan
Rui Tan
Guoqing Zhao
Jianing Song
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publishDate 2025
institution Swansea University
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doi_str_mv 10.23919/chain.2025.000015
publisher Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
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description As countries accelerate efforts to meet carbon neutrality targets, carbon capture and storage (CCS) is gaining renewed attention as a critical mitigation strategy. This review provides a structured synthesis of global CCS policy evolution, highlighting how incentive mechanisms have shifted from generic subsidies toward hybrid approaches integrating carbon pricing, green finance, and legal risk-sharing. Building on this, the paper introduces a policy classification framework that categorizes instruments into market-based tools, command-and-control regulations, and institutional support, offering analytical coherence for future cross-country comparisons. Beyond the industrial and power sectors, the review foregrounds an often-overlooked CCS application: addressing residual emissions in hard-to-abate sectors such as transportation. We emphasize the strategic role of CO2 transport infrastructure-including pipelines, shipping routes, and port retrofitting-and introduce a dedicated section analyzing its cost-leveraging effects, infrastructure integration models, and life-cycle trade-offs. By embedding a life-cycle assessment (LCA) perspective, we demonstrate how different transport modes shape both economic and carbon efficiency. Drawing on case studies from the U.S., EU, and China, we distill key governance lessons and identify the enabling conditions for scaling up CCS deployment. The paper also highlights governance gaps related to cross-border infrastructure coordination, carbon market integration, and just siting. Overall, this review contributes to literature on CCS governance and infrastructure transitions by offering a replicable analytical structure, expanding the scope beyond capture technology, and linking fragmented insights into an integrated policy roadmap for large-scale CCS commercialization.
published_date 2025-09-11T05:32:14Z
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