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Tailoring Aqueous Electrolytes for Low-Temperature Applications: From Fundamentals to Practical Solutions

Liwen Pan, Nannan Jia, Jie Yang, Xinhua Liu, Rui Tan Orcid Logo

Energy Storage Materials, Start page: 104714

Swansea University Author: Rui Tan Orcid Logo

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Abstract

Aqueous batteries are promising candidates for grid-scale energy storage owing to their inherent safety and environmental sustainability; however, their low-temperature performance is hindered by electrolyte freezing and sluggish reaction kinetics. Electrolyte regulation has emerged as a key strateg...

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Published in: Energy Storage Materials
ISSN: 2405-8297 2405-8289
Published: Elsevier BV 2025
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa70863
Abstract: Aqueous batteries are promising candidates for grid-scale energy storage owing to their inherent safety and environmental sustainability; however, their low-temperature performance is hindered by electrolyte freezing and sluggish reaction kinetics. Electrolyte regulation has emerged as a key strategy to enable their operation under low-temperature conditions. This review first examines two fundamental mechanisms—hydrogen bond network and solvation structure evolution—which govern the thermodynamic and kinetic behavior of electrolytes at low temperatures. Building on these insights, we propose targeted electrolyte modifications and systematically summarize optimization strategies, including anion regulation, additives, co-solvents, eutectic electrolytes, salt selection, high-entropy system design, and novel solvation sheath engineering. Finally, we discuss current challenges and future research directions to advance low-temperature aqueous batteries through electrolyte innovation.
Item Description: Review
Keywords: Low temperature; Aqueous battery; Electrolyte optimization strategy; Hydrogen bond network; Solvation structure
College: Faculty of Science and Engineering
Funders: Swansea University
Start Page: 104714