Journal article 87 views
Characterisation, biocompatibility, and immunogenicity of tunicate-derived nanocellulose for tissue engineering
,
Thomas Jovic,
Lydia Bullock,
Laurence Hill,
Bethan Thomas,
Salvatore Gazze,
Thierry Maffeis ,
Lewis Francis ,
Karl Hawkins ,
Yannick M. Sillmann,
Ana M.P. Baggio,
Peter Dunstan ,
Cathy Thornton ,
Fernando P.S. Guastaldi,
Mark A. Randolph,
Iain Whitaker
Carbohydrate Polymers, Start page: 124671
Swansea University Authors:
Matthew Turner , Thomas Jovic, Lydia Bullock, Laurence Hill, Bethan Thomas, Salvatore Gazze, Thierry Maffeis , Lewis Francis , Karl Hawkins , Peter Dunstan , Cathy Thornton , Iain Whitaker
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DOI (Published version): 10.1016/j.carbpol.2025.124671
Abstract
Nanocellulose (NC) has gained significant traction as a viable material for tissue engineering. Whilst traditionally isolated from plants, tunicates offer a sustainable source of NC with high purity and high crystallinity, making tunicate-derived NC appropriate for 3D bioprinting applications. We in...
| Published in: | Carbohydrate Polymers |
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| ISSN: | 0144-8617 1879-1344 |
| Published: |
Elsevier BV
2025
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| Online Access: |
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| URI: | https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa70871 |
| Abstract: |
Nanocellulose (NC) has gained significant traction as a viable material for tissue engineering. Whilst traditionally isolated from plants, tunicates offer a sustainable source of NC with high purity and high crystallinity, making tunicate-derived NC appropriate for 3D bioprinting applications. We investigated 3 chemically distinct varieties of tunicate-derived NC: carboxymethylated (CTC), enzymatically pretreated (ETC), and oxidised (TTC). The physicochemical properties of each variant were characterised by SEM, AFM, Raman spectroscopy, and mechanical compression. Notably, ETC had the lowest aspect ratio, smallest mean pore diameter, greatest optical clarity, and highest ultimate compressive strength under uniaxial loading, whilst the inverse was observed for TTC. Rheological analysis revealed a significantly higher loss tangent for ETC compared with CTC and TTC, along with a differential impact of temperature on the viscosity of each material. ETC demonstrated superior line width resolution both before and after calcium chloride crosslinking. All materials exhibited excellent biological compatibility with a stable turnover of cells as assessed by live/dead staining of embedded primary chondrocytes. NC was nonimmunogenic, and the implantation of NC into immunocompetent mice did not result in an adverse reaction. Tunicate NC has great potential for tissue engineering with excellent structural, biological, and mechanical properties for tissue engineering applications. |
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| Keywords: |
Nanocellulose; Bioprinting; CharacterisationTunicate; Biocompatibility; Biomaterial |
| College: |
Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences |
| Funders: |
This study was supported by The Scar Free Foundation & Health and Care Research Wales Programme of research in Reconstructive Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, which has been established in the ReconRegen Research Centre at Swansea University in partnership with Swansea Bay University Health Board. |
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124671 |