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The Three Models of Playwork: A Critique of Current Playwork Theory that informs Playwork National Occupational Standards and Professional Practice.

Peter King

Advanced Journal of Professional Practice, Volume: 6, Issue: 1, Pages: 1 - 19

Swansea University Author: Peter King

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Abstract

Playwork knowledge and understanding, as represented within the current Playwork National Occupational Standards (NOS) and within the eight Playwork Principles, are supported by the ‘three models of playwork’. These are (1) Evolutionary Playwork developed by Bob Hughes, (2) Compound Flexibility deve...

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Published in: Advanced Journal of Professional Practice
Published: University of Kent 2026
URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa71852
Abstract: Playwork knowledge and understanding, as represented within the current Playwork National Occupational Standards (NOS) and within the eight Playwork Principles, are supported by the ‘three models of playwork’. These are (1) Evolutionary Playwork developed by Bob Hughes, (2) Compound Flexibility developed by Fraser Brown, and (3) Psycholudics proposed by Gordon Sturrock and Perry Else. The current Playwork NOS is under review, and this will include potential revision of the knowledge and understanding playworkers are required to know and have whilst being educated, trained, or in their practice. However, the empirical evidence to support each playwork theory is lacking, and this has implications for how playwork is implemented in professional practice.
Keywords: Playwork Theory, National Occupational Standards (NOS), Evolutionary Playwork, Compound Flexibility, Psycholudics, Evidence-based
College: Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences
Issue: 1
Start Page: 1
End Page: 19