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Mass enhances speed but diminishes turn capacity in terrestrial pursuit predators

Rory Wilson Orcid Logo, Iwan Griffiths, Michael GL Mills, Chris Carbone, John W Wilson, David M Scantlebury

eLife, Volume: 4

Swansea University Authors: Rory Wilson Orcid Logo, Iwan Griffiths

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DOI (Published version): 10.7554/eLife.06487

Abstract

The dynamics of predator-prey pursuit appears complex, making the development of a framework explaining predator and prey strategies problematic. We develop a model for terrestrial, cursorial predators to examine how animal mass modulates predator and prey trajectories and affects best strategies fo...

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Published in: eLife
ISSN: 2050-084X
Published: 2015
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa22964
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first_indexed 2015-08-26T02:20:29Z
last_indexed 2018-02-09T05:01:37Z
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spelling 2018-01-19T18:52:37.5370097 v2 22964 2015-08-25 Mass enhances speed but diminishes turn capacity in terrestrial pursuit predators 017bc6dd155098860945dc6249c4e9bc 0000-0003-3177-0177 Rory Wilson Rory Wilson true false 2ed2cc8d3dff635184def8d15afa21a9 Iwan Griffiths Iwan Griffiths true false 2015-08-25 SBI The dynamics of predator-prey pursuit appears complex, making the development of a framework explaining predator and prey strategies problematic. We develop a model for terrestrial, cursorial predators to examine how animal mass modulates predator and prey trajectories and affects best strategies for both parties. We incorporated the maximum speed-mass relationship with an explanation of why larger animals should have greater turn radii; the forces needed to turn scale linearly with mass whereas the maximum forces an animal can exert scale to a 2/3 power law. This clarifies why in a meta-analysis, we found a preponderance of predator/prey mass ratios that minimized the turn radii of predators compared to their prey. It also explained why acceleration data from wild cheetahs pursuing different prey showed different cornering behaviour with prey type. The outcome of predator prey pursuits thus depends critically on mass effects and the ability of animals to time turns precisely. Journal Article eLife 4 2050-084X Mass, pursuit, predator, prey, motion 7 8 2015 2015-08-07 10.7554/eLife.06487 Copyright Wilson et al. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use and redistribution provided that the original author and source are credited. COLLEGE NANME Biosciences COLLEGE CODE SBI Swansea University 2018-01-19T18:52:37.5370097 2015-08-25T14:38:53.5622520 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Sport and Exercise Sciences Rory Wilson 0000-0003-3177-0177 1 Iwan Griffiths 2 Michael GL Mills 3 Chris Carbone 4 John W Wilson 5 David M Scantlebury 6
title Mass enhances speed but diminishes turn capacity in terrestrial pursuit predators
spellingShingle Mass enhances speed but diminishes turn capacity in terrestrial pursuit predators
Rory Wilson
Iwan Griffiths
title_short Mass enhances speed but diminishes turn capacity in terrestrial pursuit predators
title_full Mass enhances speed but diminishes turn capacity in terrestrial pursuit predators
title_fullStr Mass enhances speed but diminishes turn capacity in terrestrial pursuit predators
title_full_unstemmed Mass enhances speed but diminishes turn capacity in terrestrial pursuit predators
title_sort Mass enhances speed but diminishes turn capacity in terrestrial pursuit predators
author_id_str_mv 017bc6dd155098860945dc6249c4e9bc
2ed2cc8d3dff635184def8d15afa21a9
author_id_fullname_str_mv 017bc6dd155098860945dc6249c4e9bc_***_Rory Wilson
2ed2cc8d3dff635184def8d15afa21a9_***_Iwan Griffiths
author Rory Wilson
Iwan Griffiths
author2 Rory Wilson
Iwan Griffiths
Michael GL Mills
Chris Carbone
John W Wilson
David M Scantlebury
format Journal article
container_title eLife
container_volume 4
publishDate 2015
institution Swansea University
issn 2050-084X
doi_str_mv 10.7554/eLife.06487
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Sport and Exercise Sciences{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Sport and Exercise Sciences
document_store_str 0
active_str 0
description The dynamics of predator-prey pursuit appears complex, making the development of a framework explaining predator and prey strategies problematic. We develop a model for terrestrial, cursorial predators to examine how animal mass modulates predator and prey trajectories and affects best strategies for both parties. We incorporated the maximum speed-mass relationship with an explanation of why larger animals should have greater turn radii; the forces needed to turn scale linearly with mass whereas the maximum forces an animal can exert scale to a 2/3 power law. This clarifies why in a meta-analysis, we found a preponderance of predator/prey mass ratios that minimized the turn radii of predators compared to their prey. It also explained why acceleration data from wild cheetahs pursuing different prey showed different cornering behaviour with prey type. The outcome of predator prey pursuits thus depends critically on mass effects and the ability of animals to time turns precisely.
published_date 2015-08-07T03:27:13Z
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score 11.000591

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