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Prevalence of smoking restrictions and child exposure to secondhand smoke in cars and homes: a repeated cross-sectional survey of children aged 10-11 years in Wales

G. F. Moore, L. Moore, H. J. Littlecott, N. Ahmed, S. Lewis, G. Sulley, E. Jones, J. Holliday, Nilufar Ahmed Orcid Logo

BMJ Open, Volume: 5, Issue: 1, Pages: e006914 - e006914

Swansea University Author: Nilufar Ahmed Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1136/bmjopen-2014-006914

Abstract

Objective Small increases in smoking restrictions in cars and homes were reported after legislation prohibiting smoking in public places. Few studies examine whether these changes continued in the longer term. This study examines changes in restrictions on smoking in cars and homes, and child exposu...

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Published in: BMJ Open
ISSN: 2044-6055
Published: 2015
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa24919
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fullrecord <?xml version="1.0"?><rfc1807><datestamp>2017-09-27T10:28:17.4413220</datestamp><bib-version>v2</bib-version><id>24919</id><entry>2015-11-27</entry><title>Prevalence of smoking restrictions and child exposure to secondhand smoke in cars and homes: a repeated cross-sectional survey of children aged 10-11 years in Wales</title><swanseaauthors><author><sid>d8d2587d94adcdf31706b9efe04db909</sid><ORCID>0000-0003-4274-801X</ORCID><firstname>Nilufar</firstname><surname>Ahmed</surname><name>Nilufar Ahmed</name><active>true</active><ethesisStudent>false</ethesisStudent></author></swanseaauthors><date>2015-11-27</date><deptcode>HPP</deptcode><abstract>Objective Small increases in smoking restrictions in cars and homes were reported after legislation prohibiting smoking in public places. Few studies examine whether these changes continued in the longer term. This study examines changes in restrictions on smoking in cars and homes, and child exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) in these locations, since 2008 postlegislation surveys in Wales.Setting State-maintained primary schools in Wales (n=75).Participants Children aged 10&#x2013;11&#x2005;years (year 6) completed CHETS (CHild exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke) Wales surveys in 2007 (n=1612) and 2008 (n=1605). A replication survey (CHETS Wales 2) was conducted in 2014, including 1601 children.Primary outcome variable Children's reports of whether smoking was allowed in their car or home and exposure to SHS in a car or home the previous day.Results The percentage of children who reported that smoking was allowed in their family vehicle fell from 18% to 9% in 2014 (OR=0.42; 95% CI 0.33 to 0.54). The percentage living in homes where smoking was allowed decreased from 37% to 26% (OR=0.30; 95% CI 0.20 to 0.43). Among children with a parent who smoked, one in five and one in two continued to report that smoking was allowed in their car and home. The percentage reporting SHS exposure in a car (OR=0.52; 95% CI 0.38 to 0.72) or home (OR=0.44; 95% CI 0.36 to 0.53) the previous day also fell. Children from poorer families remained less likely to report smoking restrictions.Conclusions Smoking in cars and homes has continued to decline. Substantial numbers of children continue to report that smoking is allowed in cars and homes, particularly children from poorer families. A growing number of countries have legislated, or plan to legislate, banning smoking in cars carrying children. Attention is needed to the impact of legislation on child health and health inequalities, and reducing smoking in homes.</abstract><type>Journal Article</type><journal>BMJ Open</journal><volume>5</volume><journalNumber>1</journalNumber><paginationStart>e006914</paginationStart><paginationEnd>e006914</paginationEnd><publisher/><issnPrint>2044-6055</issnPrint><keywords/><publishedDay>15</publishedDay><publishedMonth>4</publishedMonth><publishedYear>2015</publishedYear><publishedDate>2015-04-15</publishedDate><doi>10.1136/bmjopen-2014-006914</doi><url/><notes></notes><college>COLLEGE NANME</college><department>Public Health, Policy and Social Sciences</department><CollegeCode>COLLEGE CODE</CollegeCode><DepartmentCode>HPP</DepartmentCode><institution>Swansea University</institution><apcterm/><lastEdited>2017-09-27T10:28:17.4413220</lastEdited><Created>2015-11-27T16:23:12.2616164</Created><path><level id="1">Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences</level><level id="2">School of Health and Social Care - Public Health</level></path><authors><author><firstname>G. F.</firstname><surname>Moore</surname><order>1</order></author><author><firstname>L.</firstname><surname>Moore</surname><order>2</order></author><author><firstname>H. J.</firstname><surname>Littlecott</surname><order>3</order></author><author><firstname>N.</firstname><surname>Ahmed</surname><order>4</order></author><author><firstname>S.</firstname><surname>Lewis</surname><order>5</order></author><author><firstname>G.</firstname><surname>Sulley</surname><order>6</order></author><author><firstname>E.</firstname><surname>Jones</surname><order>7</order></author><author><firstname>J.</firstname><surname>Holliday</surname><order>8</order></author><author><firstname>Nilufar</firstname><surname>Ahmed</surname><orcid>0000-0003-4274-801X</orcid><order>9</order></author></authors><documents/><OutputDurs/></rfc1807>
spelling 2017-09-27T10:28:17.4413220 v2 24919 2015-11-27 Prevalence of smoking restrictions and child exposure to secondhand smoke in cars and homes: a repeated cross-sectional survey of children aged 10-11 years in Wales d8d2587d94adcdf31706b9efe04db909 0000-0003-4274-801X Nilufar Ahmed Nilufar Ahmed true false 2015-11-27 HPP Objective Small increases in smoking restrictions in cars and homes were reported after legislation prohibiting smoking in public places. Few studies examine whether these changes continued in the longer term. This study examines changes in restrictions on smoking in cars and homes, and child exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) in these locations, since 2008 postlegislation surveys in Wales.Setting State-maintained primary schools in Wales (n=75).Participants Children aged 10–11 years (year 6) completed CHETS (CHild exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke) Wales surveys in 2007 (n=1612) and 2008 (n=1605). A replication survey (CHETS Wales 2) was conducted in 2014, including 1601 children.Primary outcome variable Children's reports of whether smoking was allowed in their car or home and exposure to SHS in a car or home the previous day.Results The percentage of children who reported that smoking was allowed in their family vehicle fell from 18% to 9% in 2014 (OR=0.42; 95% CI 0.33 to 0.54). The percentage living in homes where smoking was allowed decreased from 37% to 26% (OR=0.30; 95% CI 0.20 to 0.43). Among children with a parent who smoked, one in five and one in two continued to report that smoking was allowed in their car and home. The percentage reporting SHS exposure in a car (OR=0.52; 95% CI 0.38 to 0.72) or home (OR=0.44; 95% CI 0.36 to 0.53) the previous day also fell. Children from poorer families remained less likely to report smoking restrictions.Conclusions Smoking in cars and homes has continued to decline. Substantial numbers of children continue to report that smoking is allowed in cars and homes, particularly children from poorer families. A growing number of countries have legislated, or plan to legislate, banning smoking in cars carrying children. Attention is needed to the impact of legislation on child health and health inequalities, and reducing smoking in homes. Journal Article BMJ Open 5 1 e006914 e006914 2044-6055 15 4 2015 2015-04-15 10.1136/bmjopen-2014-006914 COLLEGE NANME Public Health, Policy and Social Sciences COLLEGE CODE HPP Swansea University 2017-09-27T10:28:17.4413220 2015-11-27T16:23:12.2616164 Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences School of Health and Social Care - Public Health G. F. Moore 1 L. Moore 2 H. J. Littlecott 3 N. Ahmed 4 S. Lewis 5 G. Sulley 6 E. Jones 7 J. Holliday 8 Nilufar Ahmed 0000-0003-4274-801X 9
title Prevalence of smoking restrictions and child exposure to secondhand smoke in cars and homes: a repeated cross-sectional survey of children aged 10-11 years in Wales
spellingShingle Prevalence of smoking restrictions and child exposure to secondhand smoke in cars and homes: a repeated cross-sectional survey of children aged 10-11 years in Wales
Nilufar Ahmed
title_short Prevalence of smoking restrictions and child exposure to secondhand smoke in cars and homes: a repeated cross-sectional survey of children aged 10-11 years in Wales
title_full Prevalence of smoking restrictions and child exposure to secondhand smoke in cars and homes: a repeated cross-sectional survey of children aged 10-11 years in Wales
title_fullStr Prevalence of smoking restrictions and child exposure to secondhand smoke in cars and homes: a repeated cross-sectional survey of children aged 10-11 years in Wales
title_full_unstemmed Prevalence of smoking restrictions and child exposure to secondhand smoke in cars and homes: a repeated cross-sectional survey of children aged 10-11 years in Wales
title_sort Prevalence of smoking restrictions and child exposure to secondhand smoke in cars and homes: a repeated cross-sectional survey of children aged 10-11 years in Wales
author_id_str_mv d8d2587d94adcdf31706b9efe04db909
author_id_fullname_str_mv d8d2587d94adcdf31706b9efe04db909_***_Nilufar Ahmed
author Nilufar Ahmed
author2 G. F. Moore
L. Moore
H. J. Littlecott
N. Ahmed
S. Lewis
G. Sulley
E. Jones
J. Holliday
Nilufar Ahmed
format Journal article
container_title BMJ Open
container_volume 5
container_issue 1
container_start_page e006914
publishDate 2015
institution Swansea University
issn 2044-6055
doi_str_mv 10.1136/bmjopen-2014-006914
college_str Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
department_str School of Health and Social Care - Public Health{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences{{{_:::_}}}School of Health and Social Care - Public Health
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description Objective Small increases in smoking restrictions in cars and homes were reported after legislation prohibiting smoking in public places. Few studies examine whether these changes continued in the longer term. This study examines changes in restrictions on smoking in cars and homes, and child exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) in these locations, since 2008 postlegislation surveys in Wales.Setting State-maintained primary schools in Wales (n=75).Participants Children aged 10–11 years (year 6) completed CHETS (CHild exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke) Wales surveys in 2007 (n=1612) and 2008 (n=1605). A replication survey (CHETS Wales 2) was conducted in 2014, including 1601 children.Primary outcome variable Children's reports of whether smoking was allowed in their car or home and exposure to SHS in a car or home the previous day.Results The percentage of children who reported that smoking was allowed in their family vehicle fell from 18% to 9% in 2014 (OR=0.42; 95% CI 0.33 to 0.54). The percentage living in homes where smoking was allowed decreased from 37% to 26% (OR=0.30; 95% CI 0.20 to 0.43). Among children with a parent who smoked, one in five and one in two continued to report that smoking was allowed in their car and home. The percentage reporting SHS exposure in a car (OR=0.52; 95% CI 0.38 to 0.72) or home (OR=0.44; 95% CI 0.36 to 0.53) the previous day also fell. Children from poorer families remained less likely to report smoking restrictions.Conclusions Smoking in cars and homes has continued to decline. Substantial numbers of children continue to report that smoking is allowed in cars and homes, particularly children from poorer families. A growing number of countries have legislated, or plan to legislate, banning smoking in cars carrying children. Attention is needed to the impact of legislation on child health and health inequalities, and reducing smoking in homes.
published_date 2015-04-15T03:29:37Z
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