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Immuno-physiological adaptations confer wax moth Galleria mellonella resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis

Ivan M. Dubovskiy, Ekaterina V. Grizanova, Miranda M. A. Whitten, Krishnendu Mukherjee, Carolyn Greig, Tatiana Alikina, Marsel Kabilov, Andreas Vilcinskas, Viktor V. Glupov, Tariq Butt Orcid Logo, Miranda Walker

Virulence, Volume: 7, Issue: 8, Pages: 860 - 870

Swansea University Authors: Tariq Butt Orcid Logo, Miranda Walker

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DOI (Published version): 10.1080/21505594.2016.1164367

Abstract

The Greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella, is a pest of beehives and is gaining a reputation as an important organism for modelling host-pathogen interactions. A G. mellonella population was selected for enhanced resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), which is a widely-used entomopathogenic biol...

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Published in: Virulence
ISSN: 2150-5594 2150-5608
Published: 2016
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa26752
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A G. mellonella population was selected for enhanced resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), which is a widely-used entomopathogenic biological pesticide. Resistance and defence mechanisms were investigated in this insect line, and compared with a non-selected (suspectible) line. We also investigated the possible cost of those survival strategies. In the uninfected state, resistant insects exhibited enhanced basal expression of genes related to regeneration and amelioration of Bt toxin activity in the midgut. In addition, these insects also exhibited elevated activity of genes linked to inflammation/stress management, and fat body immune defences. Following oral infection with Bt, several of these genes wwere more highly expressed in resistant insect than in the susceptible line. Gene expression analysis reveals a pattern of resistance mechanisms targeted to anatomical sites predominantly attacked by Bt. The resistant insect concentrates its response towards tissue repair. 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spelling 2020-11-30T13:45:53.0084235 v2 26752 2016-03-14 Immuno-physiological adaptations confer wax moth Galleria mellonella resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis 85d1c2ddde272a1176e74978e25ebece 0000-0002-8789-9543 Tariq Butt Tariq Butt true false 83389c57d000a704fae36fda87d7ca76 Miranda Walker Miranda Walker true false 2016-03-14 SBI The Greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella, is a pest of beehives and is gaining a reputation as an important organism for modelling host-pathogen interactions. A G. mellonella population was selected for enhanced resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), which is a widely-used entomopathogenic biological pesticide. Resistance and defence mechanisms were investigated in this insect line, and compared with a non-selected (suspectible) line. We also investigated the possible cost of those survival strategies. In the uninfected state, resistant insects exhibited enhanced basal expression of genes related to regeneration and amelioration of Bt toxin activity in the midgut. In addition, these insects also exhibited elevated activity of genes linked to inflammation/stress management, and fat body immune defences. Following oral infection with Bt, several of these genes wwere more highly expressed in resistant insect than in the susceptible line. Gene expression analysis reveals a pattern of resistance mechanisms targeted to anatomical sites predominantly attacked by Bt. The resistant insect concentrates its response towards tissue repair. Unlike the susceptible insects, Bt infection significantly reduced the diversity and richness (abundance) of the gut microbiota in the resistant insects. These observations suggest that the resistant line not only has a more intact midgut but is secreting antimicrobial factors into the gut lumen which not only mitigate Bt activity but also affect the viability of other gut bacteria. Remarkably the resistant line employs these multifactorial adaptations for resistance to Bt without any detectable negative trade-off, since the insects also exhibited higher fecundity. Journal Article Virulence 7 8 860 870 2150-5594 2150-5608 Bt; experimental evolution; immune response; insect; microevolution; resistance 25 4 2016 2016-04-25 10.1080/21505594.2016.1164367 COLLEGE NANME Biosciences COLLEGE CODE SBI Swansea University 2020-11-30T13:45:53.0084235 2016-03-14T17:57:26.3411432 Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences Swansea University Medical School - Medicine Ivan M. Dubovskiy 1 Ekaterina V. Grizanova 2 Miranda M. A. Whitten 3 Krishnendu Mukherjee 4 Carolyn Greig 5 Tatiana Alikina 6 Marsel Kabilov 7 Andreas Vilcinskas 8 Viktor V. Glupov 9 Tariq Butt 0000-0002-8789-9543 10 Miranda Walker 11 0026752-31032016181841.pdf Bt__paper_Virulence_2016.pdf 2016-03-31T18:18:41.4770000 Output 1377123 application/pdf Accepted Manuscript true 2017-03-30T00:00:00.0000000 true 26752__18773__27c8bbdee8c4471cb6c61008f18578c0.pdf 26752.VOR.pdf 2020-11-30T13:43:46.8804803 Output 1756558 application/pdf Version of Record true This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The moral rights of the named author(s) have been asserted. true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/
title Immuno-physiological adaptations confer wax moth Galleria mellonella resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis
spellingShingle Immuno-physiological adaptations confer wax moth Galleria mellonella resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis
Tariq Butt
Miranda Walker
title_short Immuno-physiological adaptations confer wax moth Galleria mellonella resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis
title_full Immuno-physiological adaptations confer wax moth Galleria mellonella resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis
title_fullStr Immuno-physiological adaptations confer wax moth Galleria mellonella resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis
title_full_unstemmed Immuno-physiological adaptations confer wax moth Galleria mellonella resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis
title_sort Immuno-physiological adaptations confer wax moth Galleria mellonella resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis
author_id_str_mv 85d1c2ddde272a1176e74978e25ebece
83389c57d000a704fae36fda87d7ca76
author_id_fullname_str_mv 85d1c2ddde272a1176e74978e25ebece_***_Tariq Butt
83389c57d000a704fae36fda87d7ca76_***_Miranda Walker
author Tariq Butt
Miranda Walker
author2 Ivan M. Dubovskiy
Ekaterina V. Grizanova
Miranda M. A. Whitten
Krishnendu Mukherjee
Carolyn Greig
Tatiana Alikina
Marsel Kabilov
Andreas Vilcinskas
Viktor V. Glupov
Tariq Butt
Miranda Walker
format Journal article
container_title Virulence
container_volume 7
container_issue 8
container_start_page 860
publishDate 2016
institution Swansea University
issn 2150-5594
2150-5608
doi_str_mv 10.1080/21505594.2016.1164367
college_str Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
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hierarchy_top_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
department_str Swansea University Medical School - Medicine{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences{{{_:::_}}}Swansea University Medical School - Medicine
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description The Greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella, is a pest of beehives and is gaining a reputation as an important organism for modelling host-pathogen interactions. A G. mellonella population was selected for enhanced resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), which is a widely-used entomopathogenic biological pesticide. Resistance and defence mechanisms were investigated in this insect line, and compared with a non-selected (suspectible) line. We also investigated the possible cost of those survival strategies. In the uninfected state, resistant insects exhibited enhanced basal expression of genes related to regeneration and amelioration of Bt toxin activity in the midgut. In addition, these insects also exhibited elevated activity of genes linked to inflammation/stress management, and fat body immune defences. Following oral infection with Bt, several of these genes wwere more highly expressed in resistant insect than in the susceptible line. Gene expression analysis reveals a pattern of resistance mechanisms targeted to anatomical sites predominantly attacked by Bt. The resistant insect concentrates its response towards tissue repair. Unlike the susceptible insects, Bt infection significantly reduced the diversity and richness (abundance) of the gut microbiota in the resistant insects. These observations suggest that the resistant line not only has a more intact midgut but is secreting antimicrobial factors into the gut lumen which not only mitigate Bt activity but also affect the viability of other gut bacteria. Remarkably the resistant line employs these multifactorial adaptations for resistance to Bt without any detectable negative trade-off, since the insects also exhibited higher fecundity.
published_date 2016-04-25T03:32:12Z
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score 11.017797

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