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Uniform sensing layer of immiscible enzyme-mediator compounds developed via a spray aerosol mixing technique towards low cost minimally invasive microneedle continuous glucose monitoring devices

Siamak Samavat, Jonathan Lloyd, Laura O’Dea, Wei Zhang Orcid Logo, Emily Preedy Orcid Logo, Steve Luzio Orcid Logo, Vincent Teng Orcid Logo

Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Volume: 118, Pages: 224 - 230

Swansea University Authors: Wei Zhang Orcid Logo, Emily Preedy Orcid Logo, Steve Luzio Orcid Logo, Vincent Teng Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1016/j.bios.2018.07.054

Abstract

In this study, a uniformly mixed sensing layer of typically immiscible compounds, such as tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) mediator and glucose oxidase (GOx) enzyme, was developed using a simultaneous spray deposition technique ideal for mass production of glucose sensors at low cost while exhibiting enhanc...

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Published in: Biosensors and Bioelectronics
ISSN: 0956-5663
Published: 2018
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa41127
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For comparison, the sensors were fabricated via three different methods: conventional drop-cast of TTF and GOx compounds in subsequent layers (DL), spray deposition of the compounds in subsequent layers (SL), and spray mixing of the compounds as one uniform layer (SM). Uniformity of the sensing layers was investigated via Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX) techniques demonstrating an even distribution of the TTF and GOx throughout the sensing layer for the SM sensors. The amperometric studies showed a significantly larger maximum current response, Imax and sensitivity for the SM sensors as compared to the SL and DL sensors. The significantly better performance of the SM sensors correlated well with the even distribution of TTF and GOx throughout the sensing layer, resulting in enhanced electron transfer and redox reaction between GOx and TTF. The SM spray technique was then applied to deposit a uniformly mixed sensing layer on to 3D microneedle arrays to provide minimally invasive continuous glucose monitoring (CGM). In-vivo studies showed amperometric response from the microneedle CGM device was compatible to changes in blood glucose levels measured via the standard finger prick tests. 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spelling 2020-12-11T09:58:05.6362302 v2 41127 2018-07-26 Uniform sensing layer of immiscible enzyme-mediator compounds developed via a spray aerosol mixing technique towards low cost minimally invasive microneedle continuous glucose monitoring devices 3ddabbb54b2cfa2ea10f590ea7da6520 0000-0003-3129-2918 Wei Zhang Wei Zhang true false a4ae2d29d6b017b303c85efa3a9503d0 0000-0003-0377-6747 Emily Preedy Emily Preedy true false 01491e1cd582746a654fad9addf0de16 0000-0002-7206-6530 Steve Luzio Steve Luzio true false 98f529f56798da1ba3e6e93d2817c114 0000-0003-4325-8573 Vincent Teng Vincent Teng true false 2018-07-26 CHEG In this study, a uniformly mixed sensing layer of typically immiscible compounds, such as tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) mediator and glucose oxidase (GOx) enzyme, was developed using a simultaneous spray deposition technique ideal for mass production of glucose sensors at low cost while exhibiting enhanced amperometric response. For comparison, the sensors were fabricated via three different methods: conventional drop-cast of TTF and GOx compounds in subsequent layers (DL), spray deposition of the compounds in subsequent layers (SL), and spray mixing of the compounds as one uniform layer (SM). Uniformity of the sensing layers was investigated via Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX) techniques demonstrating an even distribution of the TTF and GOx throughout the sensing layer for the SM sensors. The amperometric studies showed a significantly larger maximum current response, Imax and sensitivity for the SM sensors as compared to the SL and DL sensors. The significantly better performance of the SM sensors correlated well with the even distribution of TTF and GOx throughout the sensing layer, resulting in enhanced electron transfer and redox reaction between GOx and TTF. The SM spray technique was then applied to deposit a uniformly mixed sensing layer on to 3D microneedle arrays to provide minimally invasive continuous glucose monitoring (CGM). In-vivo studies showed amperometric response from the microneedle CGM device was compatible to changes in blood glucose levels measured via the standard finger prick tests. Importantly, the deposition technique is suitable for mass production of the microneedle CGM at very low cost. Journal Article Biosensors and Bioelectronics 118 224 230 0956-5663 Diabetes, Sensor, Continuous glucose monitoring, Microneedles, Spray coating, Glucose oxidase 30 10 2018 2018-10-30 10.1016/j.bios.2018.07.054 COLLEGE NANME Chemical Engineering COLLEGE CODE CHEG Swansea University 2020-12-11T09:58:05.6362302 2018-07-26T09:05:02.9336848 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Electronic and Electrical Engineering Siamak Samavat 1 Jonathan Lloyd 2 Laura O’Dea 3 Wei Zhang 0000-0003-3129-2918 4 Emily Preedy 0000-0003-0377-6747 5 Steve Luzio 0000-0002-7206-6530 6 Vincent Teng 0000-0003-4325-8573 7 41127__9645__ffc313315ab549359c4ca73e00ab02ae.pdf samavat2018.pdf 2018-07-26T09:06:13.9770000 Output 3150192 application/pdf Accepted Manuscript true 2019-07-27T00:00:00.0000000 true eng
title Uniform sensing layer of immiscible enzyme-mediator compounds developed via a spray aerosol mixing technique towards low cost minimally invasive microneedle continuous glucose monitoring devices
spellingShingle Uniform sensing layer of immiscible enzyme-mediator compounds developed via a spray aerosol mixing technique towards low cost minimally invasive microneedle continuous glucose monitoring devices
Wei Zhang
Emily Preedy
Steve Luzio
Vincent Teng
title_short Uniform sensing layer of immiscible enzyme-mediator compounds developed via a spray aerosol mixing technique towards low cost minimally invasive microneedle continuous glucose monitoring devices
title_full Uniform sensing layer of immiscible enzyme-mediator compounds developed via a spray aerosol mixing technique towards low cost minimally invasive microneedle continuous glucose monitoring devices
title_fullStr Uniform sensing layer of immiscible enzyme-mediator compounds developed via a spray aerosol mixing technique towards low cost minimally invasive microneedle continuous glucose monitoring devices
title_full_unstemmed Uniform sensing layer of immiscible enzyme-mediator compounds developed via a spray aerosol mixing technique towards low cost minimally invasive microneedle continuous glucose monitoring devices
title_sort Uniform sensing layer of immiscible enzyme-mediator compounds developed via a spray aerosol mixing technique towards low cost minimally invasive microneedle continuous glucose monitoring devices
author_id_str_mv 3ddabbb54b2cfa2ea10f590ea7da6520
a4ae2d29d6b017b303c85efa3a9503d0
01491e1cd582746a654fad9addf0de16
98f529f56798da1ba3e6e93d2817c114
author_id_fullname_str_mv 3ddabbb54b2cfa2ea10f590ea7da6520_***_Wei Zhang
a4ae2d29d6b017b303c85efa3a9503d0_***_Emily Preedy
01491e1cd582746a654fad9addf0de16_***_Steve Luzio
98f529f56798da1ba3e6e93d2817c114_***_Vincent Teng
author Wei Zhang
Emily Preedy
Steve Luzio
Vincent Teng
author2 Siamak Samavat
Jonathan Lloyd
Laura O’Dea
Wei Zhang
Emily Preedy
Steve Luzio
Vincent Teng
format Journal article
container_title Biosensors and Bioelectronics
container_volume 118
container_start_page 224
publishDate 2018
institution Swansea University
issn 0956-5663
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.bios.2018.07.054
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
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hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Electronic and Electrical Engineering{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Electronic and Electrical Engineering
document_store_str 1
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description In this study, a uniformly mixed sensing layer of typically immiscible compounds, such as tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) mediator and glucose oxidase (GOx) enzyme, was developed using a simultaneous spray deposition technique ideal for mass production of glucose sensors at low cost while exhibiting enhanced amperometric response. For comparison, the sensors were fabricated via three different methods: conventional drop-cast of TTF and GOx compounds in subsequent layers (DL), spray deposition of the compounds in subsequent layers (SL), and spray mixing of the compounds as one uniform layer (SM). Uniformity of the sensing layers was investigated via Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX) techniques demonstrating an even distribution of the TTF and GOx throughout the sensing layer for the SM sensors. The amperometric studies showed a significantly larger maximum current response, Imax and sensitivity for the SM sensors as compared to the SL and DL sensors. The significantly better performance of the SM sensors correlated well with the even distribution of TTF and GOx throughout the sensing layer, resulting in enhanced electron transfer and redox reaction between GOx and TTF. The SM spray technique was then applied to deposit a uniformly mixed sensing layer on to 3D microneedle arrays to provide minimally invasive continuous glucose monitoring (CGM). In-vivo studies showed amperometric response from the microneedle CGM device was compatible to changes in blood glucose levels measured via the standard finger prick tests. Importantly, the deposition technique is suitable for mass production of the microneedle CGM at very low cost.
published_date 2018-10-30T03:52:25Z
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