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Anomalous rejection ratios in nanofiltration experiments. / Jason Dennis Shirley

Swansea University Author: Jason Dennis Shirley

Abstract

Nanofiltration by its nature is used to concentrate material. It has been found that varying the solute feed concentration had an effect on the rejection of amino acids and polar molecules. The rejection of these organic solutes has been shown to increase with concentration during nanofitration expe...

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Published: 2008
Institution: Swansea University
Degree level: Doctoral
Degree name: Ph.D
URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa42300
first_indexed 2018-08-02T18:54:22Z
last_indexed 2018-08-03T10:09:47Z
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recordtype RisThesis
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spelling 2018-08-02T16:24:28.7449973 v2 42300 2018-08-02 Anomalous rejection ratios in nanofiltration experiments. faa31acf0af0127a65e887d82d86fc34 NULL Jason Dennis Shirley Jason Dennis Shirley true true 2018-08-02 Nanofiltration by its nature is used to concentrate material. It has been found that varying the solute feed concentration had an effect on the rejection of amino acids and polar molecules. The rejection of these organic solutes has been shown to increase with concentration during nanofitration experiments for a NTR 7450 membrane. The rejection of glycine increased from 29.4% to 72.2% for a concentration of 0.004 g/1 and 4.0 g/1 respectively. Similar increases in rejection with respect to concentration were observed for glutamine and glutamic acid, as well as for glucose, sucrose and raffinose over the same concentration range. The reliability of the filtration measurements was established by error analysis and the associated error for the glycine rejection was found to be +/- 3%. Therefore, the observed rejection increase could not be attributed to experimental error. This phenomenon was further investigated by particle size analysis and osmotic pressure measurement. The results from these experiments indicated that dimerisation was not occurring, thus no association between increasing molecular weight and solute concentration. The properties of the NTR 7450 membrane were investigated by streaming potential measurements, titrations and molecular weight cut-off experiments. The molecular weight cut-off of the membrane was found to reduce for an increase in solute concentration. This result implied that the effective pore size changed as a function of concentration and was attributed to adsorption occurring on the inner pore wall. The level of adsorption was further investigated by applying the Freundlich adsorption isotherm to measured permeated flux decline for increasing solute concentration. This method was adapted to enable analysis of the effect of adsorption on rejection with concentration. E-Thesis Chemical engineering.;Nanotechnology. 31 12 2008 2008-12-31 COLLEGE NANME Engineering COLLEGE CODE Swansea University Doctoral Ph.D 2018-08-02T16:24:28.7449973 2018-08-02T16:24:28.7449973 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Uncategorised Jason Dennis Shirley NULL 1 0042300-02082018162443.pdf 10798008.pdf 2018-08-02T16:24:43.6430000 Output 8118005 application/pdf E-Thesis true 2018-08-02T16:24:43.6430000 false
title Anomalous rejection ratios in nanofiltration experiments.
spellingShingle Anomalous rejection ratios in nanofiltration experiments.
Jason Dennis Shirley
title_short Anomalous rejection ratios in nanofiltration experiments.
title_full Anomalous rejection ratios in nanofiltration experiments.
title_fullStr Anomalous rejection ratios in nanofiltration experiments.
title_full_unstemmed Anomalous rejection ratios in nanofiltration experiments.
title_sort Anomalous rejection ratios in nanofiltration experiments.
author_id_str_mv faa31acf0af0127a65e887d82d86fc34
author_id_fullname_str_mv faa31acf0af0127a65e887d82d86fc34_***_Jason Dennis Shirley
author Jason Dennis Shirley
author2 Jason Dennis Shirley
format E-Thesis
publishDate 2008
institution Swansea University
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Uncategorised{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Uncategorised
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description Nanofiltration by its nature is used to concentrate material. It has been found that varying the solute feed concentration had an effect on the rejection of amino acids and polar molecules. The rejection of these organic solutes has been shown to increase with concentration during nanofitration experiments for a NTR 7450 membrane. The rejection of glycine increased from 29.4% to 72.2% for a concentration of 0.004 g/1 and 4.0 g/1 respectively. Similar increases in rejection with respect to concentration were observed for glutamine and glutamic acid, as well as for glucose, sucrose and raffinose over the same concentration range. The reliability of the filtration measurements was established by error analysis and the associated error for the glycine rejection was found to be +/- 3%. Therefore, the observed rejection increase could not be attributed to experimental error. This phenomenon was further investigated by particle size analysis and osmotic pressure measurement. The results from these experiments indicated that dimerisation was not occurring, thus no association between increasing molecular weight and solute concentration. The properties of the NTR 7450 membrane were investigated by streaming potential measurements, titrations and molecular weight cut-off experiments. The molecular weight cut-off of the membrane was found to reduce for an increase in solute concentration. This result implied that the effective pore size changed as a function of concentration and was attributed to adsorption occurring on the inner pore wall. The level of adsorption was further investigated by applying the Freundlich adsorption isotherm to measured permeated flux decline for increasing solute concentration. This method was adapted to enable analysis of the effect of adsorption on rejection with concentration.
published_date 2008-12-31T04:35:00Z
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score 11.102276

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