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Short-term tissue decomposition alters stable isotope values and C:N ratio, but does not change relationships between lipid content, C:N ratio, and Δδ13C in marine animals

Matthew Perkins, Yanny K. Y. Mak, Lily S. R. Tao, Archer T. L. Wong, Jason K. C. Yau, David M. Baker, Kenneth M. Y. Leung

PLOS ONE, Volume: 13, Issue: 7, Start page: e0199680

Swansea University Author: Matthew Perkins

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DOI (Published version): 10.1371/journal.pone.0199680

Abstract

Measures (e.g. δ15N, δ13C, %C, %N and C:N) derived from animal tissues are commonlyused to estimate diets and trophic interactions. Since tissue samples are often exposed toair or kept chilled in ice over a short-term during sample preparation, they may degrade.Herein, we hypothesize that tissue dec...

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ISSN: 1932-6203
Published: 2018
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spelling 2018-10-26T14:27:37.1204041 v2 44822 2018-10-09 Short-term tissue decomposition alters stable isotope values and C:N ratio, but does not change relationships between lipid content, C:N ratio, and Δδ13C in marine animals 228a9ab1324cbc8f7a0db0043a6f0a0a Matthew Perkins Matthew Perkins true false 2018-10-09 SBI Measures (e.g. δ15N, δ13C, %C, %N and C:N) derived from animal tissues are commonlyused to estimate diets and trophic interactions. Since tissue samples are often exposed toair or kept chilled in ice over a short-term during sample preparation, they may degrade.Herein, we hypothesize that tissue decomposition will cause changes in these measures. Inthis study, we kept marine fish, crustacean and mollusc tissues in air or ice over 120 h (5days). We found that tissue decomposition in air enriched δ15N (range 0.6½ to 1.3½) andδ13C (0.2½ to 0.4½), decreased %N (0.47 to 3.43 percentage points from staring values of~13%) and %C (4.53 to 8.29 percentage points from starting values of ~43%), and subsequentlyincreased C:N ratio (0.14 to 0.75). In air, while such changes to δ13C were relativelyminor and therefore likely tolerable, changes in δ15N, %N, %C and C:N ratio should be interpretedwith caution. Ice effectively reduced the extent to which decomposition enrichedδ15N ( 0.4½) and δ13C ( 0.2½), and eliminated decomposition in C:N ratio, %N and %C.In our second experiment, for fish tissues in either air or ice over 120 h, we observed noeffects of decomposition on relationships between lipid content, C:N ratio, and Δδ13C(change in δ13C after lipid removal), which are employed to correct δ13C for samples containinglipid. We also confirmed that lipid in tissues caused large errors when estimatingδ13C (mean ± standard error = -1.8½ ± 0.1½, range -0.6½ to -3.8½), and showed both lipidextraction and mathematical correction performed equally well to correct for lipids when estimatingδ13C. We, therefore, recommend that specimens of marine animals should be keptin ice during sample preparation for a short-term, as it is an effective means for minimizingchanges of the stable isotope measures in their tissue. Journal Article PLOS ONE 13 7 e0199680 1932-6203 18 7 2018 2018-07-18 10.1371/journal.pone.0199680 COLLEGE NANME Biosciences COLLEGE CODE SBI Swansea University Research Grants Council of the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; University of Hong Kong 2018-10-26T14:27:37.1204041 2018-10-09T16:15:17.5094923 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences Matthew Perkins 1 Yanny K. Y. Mak 2 Lily S. R. Tao 3 Archer T. L. Wong 4 Jason K. C. Yau 5 David M. Baker 6 Kenneth M. Y. Leung 7 0044822-23102018110702.pdf 44822.pdf 2018-10-23T11:07:02.9870000 Output 3888835 application/pdf Version of Record true 2018-10-23T00:00:00.0000000 This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. true eng
title Short-term tissue decomposition alters stable isotope values and C:N ratio, but does not change relationships between lipid content, C:N ratio, and Δδ13C in marine animals
spellingShingle Short-term tissue decomposition alters stable isotope values and C:N ratio, but does not change relationships between lipid content, C:N ratio, and Δδ13C in marine animals
Matthew Perkins
title_short Short-term tissue decomposition alters stable isotope values and C:N ratio, but does not change relationships between lipid content, C:N ratio, and Δδ13C in marine animals
title_full Short-term tissue decomposition alters stable isotope values and C:N ratio, but does not change relationships between lipid content, C:N ratio, and Δδ13C in marine animals
title_fullStr Short-term tissue decomposition alters stable isotope values and C:N ratio, but does not change relationships between lipid content, C:N ratio, and Δδ13C in marine animals
title_full_unstemmed Short-term tissue decomposition alters stable isotope values and C:N ratio, but does not change relationships between lipid content, C:N ratio, and Δδ13C in marine animals
title_sort Short-term tissue decomposition alters stable isotope values and C:N ratio, but does not change relationships between lipid content, C:N ratio, and Δδ13C in marine animals
author_id_str_mv 228a9ab1324cbc8f7a0db0043a6f0a0a
author_id_fullname_str_mv 228a9ab1324cbc8f7a0db0043a6f0a0a_***_Matthew Perkins
author Matthew Perkins
author2 Matthew Perkins
Yanny K. Y. Mak
Lily S. R. Tao
Archer T. L. Wong
Jason K. C. Yau
David M. Baker
Kenneth M. Y. Leung
format Journal article
container_title PLOS ONE
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container_issue 7
container_start_page e0199680
publishDate 2018
institution Swansea University
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college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
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hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
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department_str School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences
document_store_str 1
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description Measures (e.g. δ15N, δ13C, %C, %N and C:N) derived from animal tissues are commonlyused to estimate diets and trophic interactions. Since tissue samples are often exposed toair or kept chilled in ice over a short-term during sample preparation, they may degrade.Herein, we hypothesize that tissue decomposition will cause changes in these measures. Inthis study, we kept marine fish, crustacean and mollusc tissues in air or ice over 120 h (5days). We found that tissue decomposition in air enriched δ15N (range 0.6½ to 1.3½) andδ13C (0.2½ to 0.4½), decreased %N (0.47 to 3.43 percentage points from staring values of~13%) and %C (4.53 to 8.29 percentage points from starting values of ~43%), and subsequentlyincreased C:N ratio (0.14 to 0.75). In air, while such changes to δ13C were relativelyminor and therefore likely tolerable, changes in δ15N, %N, %C and C:N ratio should be interpretedwith caution. Ice effectively reduced the extent to which decomposition enrichedδ15N ( 0.4½) and δ13C ( 0.2½), and eliminated decomposition in C:N ratio, %N and %C.In our second experiment, for fish tissues in either air or ice over 120 h, we observed noeffects of decomposition on relationships between lipid content, C:N ratio, and Δδ13C(change in δ13C after lipid removal), which are employed to correct δ13C for samples containinglipid. We also confirmed that lipid in tissues caused large errors when estimatingδ13C (mean ± standard error = -1.8½ ± 0.1½, range -0.6½ to -3.8½), and showed both lipidextraction and mathematical correction performed equally well to correct for lipids when estimatingδ13C. We, therefore, recommend that specimens of marine animals should be keptin ice during sample preparation for a short-term, as it is an effective means for minimizingchanges of the stable isotope measures in their tissue.
published_date 2018-07-18T03:56:15Z
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