Enhancing fully printable mesoscopic perovskite solar cell performance using integrated metallic grids to improve carbon electrode conductivity

Raptis, Dimitrios; Stoichkov, Vasil; Meroni, Simone; Pockett, Adam; Worsley, Carys; Carnie, Matt; Worsley, David; Watson, Trystan

doi:10.1016/j.cap.2020.02.009

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Enhancing fully printable mesoscopic perovskite solar cell performance using integrated metallic grids to improve carbon electrode conductivity

Dimitrios Raptis, Vasil Stoichkov, Simone Meroni

, Adam Pockett, Carys Worsley, Matt Carnie

, David Worsley

, Trystan Watson

Current Applied Physics, Volume: 20, Issue: 5, Pages: 619 - 627

Swansea University Authors: Dimitrios Raptis, Vasil Stoichkov, Simone Meroni , Adam Pockett, Carys Worsley, Matt Carnie , David Worsley , Trystan Watson

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DOI (Published version): 10.1016/j.cap.2020.02.009

Abstract

Carbon based Perovskite Solar cells (C–PSCs) have emerged as the most promising candidates for commercialisation in the field of perovskite photovoltaics, as they are highly stable, low cost and make use of easily scaled manufacturing techniques. However, the limited conductivity of the carbon elect...

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Published in:	Current Applied Physics
ISSN:	1567-1739
Published:	Elsevier BV 2020
Online Access:	Check full text
URI:	https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa53566
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However, the limited conductivity of the carbon electrode inhibits performance and represents a significant barrier to commercial application. Τhis work presents a scalable method for enhancing the carbon electrode conductivity through the integration of aluminium and copper grids into prefabricated C–PSCs. Adhered to the cells using an additional low temperature carbon ink, the metallic grids were found to dramatically reduce top electrode series resistance, leading to a large improvement in fill factor and efficiency. After grid integration, the 1 cm2 C–PSCs yielded power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 13.4% and 13% for copper and aluminium respectively, while standard C–PSCs obtained PCE of 11.3%. Performance is also significantly augmented in the case of larger-scale 11.7 cm2 modules, where PCEs went from 7.7% to 10% and 11% for aluminium and copper grids respectively. This technique offers a fast and low temperature route to high-performance, large-area C–PSCs and could therefore have serious potential for application to the high-volume manufacture of perovskite cells and modules.</abstract><type>Journal Article</type><journal>Current Applied Physics</journal><volume>20</volume><journalNumber>5</journalNumber><paginationStart>619</paginationStart><paginationEnd>627</paginationEnd><publisher>Elsevier BV</publisher><placeOfPublication/><isbnPrint/><isbnElectronic/><issnPrint>1567-1739</issnPrint><issnElectronic/><keywords>Metallic grid, Highly conductive carbon electrode, Low temperature carbon ink, Carbon based perovskite solar cell, Module, Enhanced efficiency</keywords><publishedDay>1</publishedDay><publishedMonth>5</publishedMonth><publishedYear>2020</publishedYear><publishedDate>2020-05-01</publishedDate><doi>10.1016/j.cap.2020.02.009</doi><url/><notes/><college>COLLEGE NANME</college><department>Materials Science and Engineering</department><CollegeCode>COLLEGE CODE</CollegeCode><DepartmentCode>MTLS</DepartmentCode><institution>Swansea University</institution><apcterm/><lastEdited>2021-08-06T10:23:17.1409244</lastEdited><Created>2020-02-18T09:54:37.9115443</Created><path><level id="1">Faculty of Science and Engineering</level><level id="2">School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Materials Science and Engineering</level></path><authors><author><firstname>Dimitrios</firstname><surname>Raptis</surname><order>1</order></author><author><firstname>Vasil</firstname><surname>Stoichkov</surname><order>2</order></author><author><firstname>Simone</firstname><surname>Meroni</surname><orcid>0000-0002-6901-772X</orcid><order>3</order></author><author><firstname>Adam</firstname><surname>Pockett</surname><order>4</order></author><author><firstname>Carys</firstname><surname>Worsley</surname><order>5</order></author><author><firstname>Matt</firstname><surname>Carnie</surname><orcid>0000-0002-4232-1967</orcid><order>6</order></author><author><firstname>David</firstname><surname>Worsley</surname><orcid>0000-0002-9956-6228</orcid><order>7</order></author><author><firstname>Trystan</firstname><surname>Watson</surname><orcid>0000-0002-8015-1436</orcid><order>8</order></author></authors><documents><document><filename>53566__16636__ca52f3b297b44868a43f654a020ee661.pdf</filename><originalFilename>raptis2020.pdf</originalFilename><uploaded>2020-02-19T15:45:46.2703391</uploaded><type>Output</type><contentLength>1910976</contentLength><contentType>application/pdf</contentType><version>Accepted Manuscript</version><cronfaStatus>true</cronfaStatus><embargoDate>2021-02-14T00:00:00.0000000</embargoDate><documentNotes>Released under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives License (CC-BY-NC-ND).</documentNotes><copyrightCorrect>true</copyrightCorrect><language>eng</language><licence>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</licence></document></documents><OutputDurs/></rfc1807>
spelling	2021-08-06T10:23:17.1409244 v2 53566 2020-02-18 Enhancing fully printable mesoscopic perovskite solar cell performance using integrated metallic grids to improve carbon electrode conductivity 75c81a7d972e97c42200ab0ebfa21908 Dimitrios Raptis Dimitrios Raptis true false e4014706cef1d241262351461104a261 Vasil Stoichkov Vasil Stoichkov true false 78a4cf80ab2fe6cca80716b5d357d8dd 0000-0002-6901-772X Simone Meroni Simone Meroni true false de06433fccc0514dcf45aa9d1fc5c60f Adam Pockett Adam Pockett true false e74e27838a54d9df1fe7c5ee2cb8a126 Carys Worsley Carys Worsley true false 73b367694366a646b90bb15db32bb8c0 0000-0002-4232-1967 Matt Carnie Matt Carnie true false c426b1c1b0123d7057c1b969083cea69 0000-0002-9956-6228 David Worsley David Worsley true false a210327b52472cfe8df9b8108d661457 0000-0002-8015-1436 Trystan Watson Trystan Watson true false 2020-02-18 MTLS Carbon based Perovskite Solar cells (C–PSCs) have emerged as the most promising candidates for commercialisation in the field of perovskite photovoltaics, as they are highly stable, low cost and make use of easily scaled manufacturing techniques. However, the limited conductivity of the carbon electrode inhibits performance and represents a significant barrier to commercial application. Τhis work presents a scalable method for enhancing the carbon electrode conductivity through the integration of aluminium and copper grids into prefabricated C–PSCs. Adhered to the cells using an additional low temperature carbon ink, the metallic grids were found to dramatically reduce top electrode series resistance, leading to a large improvement in fill factor and efficiency. After grid integration, the 1 cm2 C–PSCs yielded power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 13.4% and 13% for copper and aluminium respectively, while standard C–PSCs obtained PCE of 11.3%. Performance is also significantly augmented in the case of larger-scale 11.7 cm2 modules, where PCEs went from 7.7% to 10% and 11% for aluminium and copper grids respectively. This technique offers a fast and low temperature route to high-performance, large-area C–PSCs and could therefore have serious potential for application to the high-volume manufacture of perovskite cells and modules. Journal Article Current Applied Physics 20 5 619 627 Elsevier BV 1567-1739 Metallic grid, Highly conductive carbon electrode, Low temperature carbon ink, Carbon based perovskite solar cell, Module, Enhanced efficiency 1 5 2020 2020-05-01 10.1016/j.cap.2020.02.009 COLLEGE NANME Materials Science and Engineering COLLEGE CODE MTLS Swansea University 2021-08-06T10:23:17.1409244 2020-02-18T09:54:37.9115443 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Materials Science and Engineering Dimitrios Raptis 1 Vasil Stoichkov 2 Simone Meroni 0000-0002-6901-772X 3 Adam Pockett 4 Carys Worsley 5 Matt Carnie 0000-0002-4232-1967 6 David Worsley 0000-0002-9956-6228 7 Trystan Watson 0000-0002-8015-1436 8 53566__16636__ca52f3b297b44868a43f654a020ee661.pdf raptis2020.pdf 2020-02-19T15:45:46.2703391 Output 1910976 application/pdf Accepted Manuscript true 2021-02-14T00:00:00.0000000 Released under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives License (CC-BY-NC-ND). true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
title	Enhancing fully printable mesoscopic perovskite solar cell performance using integrated metallic grids to improve carbon electrode conductivity
spellingShingle	Enhancing fully printable mesoscopic perovskite solar cell performance using integrated metallic grids to improve carbon electrode conductivity Dimitrios Raptis Vasil Stoichkov Simone Meroni Adam Pockett Carys Worsley Matt Carnie David Worsley Trystan Watson
title_short	Enhancing fully printable mesoscopic perovskite solar cell performance using integrated metallic grids to improve carbon electrode conductivity
title_full	Enhancing fully printable mesoscopic perovskite solar cell performance using integrated metallic grids to improve carbon electrode conductivity
title_fullStr	Enhancing fully printable mesoscopic perovskite solar cell performance using integrated metallic grids to improve carbon electrode conductivity
title_full_unstemmed	Enhancing fully printable mesoscopic perovskite solar cell performance using integrated metallic grids to improve carbon electrode conductivity
title_sort	Enhancing fully printable mesoscopic perovskite solar cell performance using integrated metallic grids to improve carbon electrode conductivity
author_id_str_mv	75c81a7d972e97c42200ab0ebfa21908 e4014706cef1d241262351461104a261 78a4cf80ab2fe6cca80716b5d357d8dd de06433fccc0514dcf45aa9d1fc5c60f e74e27838a54d9df1fe7c5ee2cb8a126 73b367694366a646b90bb15db32bb8c0 c426b1c1b0123d7057c1b969083cea69 a210327b52472cfe8df9b8108d661457
author_id_fullname_str_mv	75c81a7d972e97c42200ab0ebfa21908_*_Dimitrios Raptis e4014706cef1d241262351461104a261__Vasil Stoichkov 78a4cf80ab2fe6cca80716b5d357d8dd__Simone Meroni de06433fccc0514dcf45aa9d1fc5c60f__Adam Pockett e74e27838a54d9df1fe7c5ee2cb8a126__Carys Worsley 73b367694366a646b90bb15db32bb8c0__Matt Carnie c426b1c1b0123d7057c1b969083cea69__David Worsley a210327b52472cfe8df9b8108d661457_*_Trystan Watson
author	Dimitrios Raptis Vasil Stoichkov Simone Meroni Adam Pockett Carys Worsley Matt Carnie David Worsley Trystan Watson
author2	Dimitrios Raptis Vasil Stoichkov Simone Meroni Adam Pockett Carys Worsley Matt Carnie David Worsley Trystan Watson
format	Journal article
container_title	Current Applied Physics
container_volume	20
container_issue	5
container_start_page	619
publishDate	2020
institution	Swansea University
issn	1567-1739
doi_str_mv	10.1016/j.cap.2020.02.009
publisher	Elsevier BV
college_str	Faculty of Science and Engineering
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hierarchy_top_title	Faculty of Science and Engineering
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hierarchy_parent_title	Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str	School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Materials Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Materials Science and Engineering
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description	Carbon based Perovskite Solar cells (C–PSCs) have emerged as the most promising candidates for commercialisation in the field of perovskite photovoltaics, as they are highly stable, low cost and make use of easily scaled manufacturing techniques. However, the limited conductivity of the carbon electrode inhibits performance and represents a significant barrier to commercial application. Τhis work presents a scalable method for enhancing the carbon electrode conductivity through the integration of aluminium and copper grids into prefabricated C–PSCs. Adhered to the cells using an additional low temperature carbon ink, the metallic grids were found to dramatically reduce top electrode series resistance, leading to a large improvement in fill factor and efficiency. After grid integration, the 1 cm2 C–PSCs yielded power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 13.4% and 13% for copper and aluminium respectively, while standard C–PSCs obtained PCE of 11.3%. Performance is also significantly augmented in the case of larger-scale 11.7 cm2 modules, where PCEs went from 7.7% to 10% and 11% for aluminium and copper grids respectively. This technique offers a fast and low temperature route to high-performance, large-area C–PSCs and could therefore have serious potential for application to the high-volume manufacture of perovskite cells and modules.
published_date	2020-05-01T04:06:34Z
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Enhancing fully printable mesoscopic perovskite solar cell performance using integrated metallic grids to improve carbon electrode conductivity

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