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Microplastic Monitoring at Different Stages in a Wastewater Treatment Plant Using Reflectance Micro-FTIR Imaging

Alexander S. Tagg, Melanie Sapp, Jesse P. Harrison, Chris J. Sinclair, Emma Bradley, Yon Ju-Nam Orcid Logo, Jesus Ojeda Ledo Orcid Logo

Frontiers in Environmental Science, Volume: 8

Swansea University Authors: Yon Ju-Nam Orcid Logo, Jesus Ojeda Ledo Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.3389/fenvs.2020.00145

Abstract

While the presence of microplastics has been reported in aquatic habitats across the globe, the pathways through which they enter the environment are still poorly understood. Studies investigating the fate of microplastics in wastewater are gaining attention but are still scarce, despite the urgent...

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Published in: Frontiers in Environmental Science
ISSN: 2296-665X
Published: Frontiers Media SA 2020
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa54837
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spelling 2021-12-02T12:11:46.3775345 v2 54837 2020-07-30 Microplastic Monitoring at Different Stages in a Wastewater Treatment Plant Using Reflectance Micro-FTIR Imaging b219fdfea246d96dfc9c4eecfd60f2a6 0000-0003-2972-8073 Yon Ju-Nam Yon Ju-Nam true false 4c1c9800dffa623353dff0ab1271be64 0000-0002-2046-1010 Jesus Ojeda Ledo Jesus Ojeda Ledo true false 2020-07-30 EAAS While the presence of microplastics has been reported in aquatic habitats across the globe, the pathways through which they enter the environment are still poorly understood. Studies investigating the fate of microplastics in wastewater are gaining attention but are still scarce, despite the urgent need to understand the role of wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) as point sources of aquatic microplastic pollution. A likely reason for the limited number of WWTP-associated studies is that working with a biogenic organic matter (BOM)-rich sample matrix like wastewater is challenging. Here, we investigated the presence of microplastics throughout several stages of a WWTP at multiple depths, employing Fenton’s reagent and focal plane array-based reflectance micro-Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopic (FPA-based reflectance micro-FTIR) imaging, a protocol that allows the automated detection and identification of microplastics in complex samples with high organic matter content, without the need for previous visual sorting, or reducing considerably the thickness of the sample, or the use of IR-transparent transmission windows. It was found that the number of microplastic fragments detected at downstream stages of the WWTP notably decreased following the primary settlement stage, with primary settlement stage samples responsible for 76.9% of total microplastics detected. Despite the marked reduction in the number of microplastic particles following the primary settlement stage, an average total of 1.5 MP L-1 were identified in the final effluent of the WWTP. Journal Article Frontiers in Environmental Science 8 Frontiers Media SA 2296-665X microplastics; reflectance micro-FTIR; wastewater; Fenton’s reagent 25 8 2020 2020-08-25 10.3389/fenvs.2020.00145 COLLEGE NANME Engineering and Applied Sciences School COLLEGE CODE EAAS Swansea University UKRI, NE/K007521 2021-12-02T12:11:46.3775345 2020-07-30T19:51:03.6127223 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Chemical Engineering Alexander S. Tagg 1 Melanie Sapp 2 Jesse P. Harrison 3 Chris J. Sinclair 4 Emma Bradley 5 Yon Ju-Nam 0000-0003-2972-8073 6 Jesus Ojeda Ledo 0000-0002-2046-1010 7 54837__18041__ff514dde310546aab609fcc70f8e5f59.pdf 54837.pdf 2020-08-25T15:03:31.4053978 Output 1464569 application/pdf Version of Record true Released under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY). true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title Microplastic Monitoring at Different Stages in a Wastewater Treatment Plant Using Reflectance Micro-FTIR Imaging
spellingShingle Microplastic Monitoring at Different Stages in a Wastewater Treatment Plant Using Reflectance Micro-FTIR Imaging
Yon Ju-Nam
Jesus Ojeda Ledo
title_short Microplastic Monitoring at Different Stages in a Wastewater Treatment Plant Using Reflectance Micro-FTIR Imaging
title_full Microplastic Monitoring at Different Stages in a Wastewater Treatment Plant Using Reflectance Micro-FTIR Imaging
title_fullStr Microplastic Monitoring at Different Stages in a Wastewater Treatment Plant Using Reflectance Micro-FTIR Imaging
title_full_unstemmed Microplastic Monitoring at Different Stages in a Wastewater Treatment Plant Using Reflectance Micro-FTIR Imaging
title_sort Microplastic Monitoring at Different Stages in a Wastewater Treatment Plant Using Reflectance Micro-FTIR Imaging
author_id_str_mv b219fdfea246d96dfc9c4eecfd60f2a6
4c1c9800dffa623353dff0ab1271be64
author_id_fullname_str_mv b219fdfea246d96dfc9c4eecfd60f2a6_***_Yon Ju-Nam
4c1c9800dffa623353dff0ab1271be64_***_Jesus Ojeda Ledo
author Yon Ju-Nam
Jesus Ojeda Ledo
author2 Alexander S. Tagg
Melanie Sapp
Jesse P. Harrison
Chris J. Sinclair
Emma Bradley
Yon Ju-Nam
Jesus Ojeda Ledo
format Journal article
container_title Frontiers in Environmental Science
container_volume 8
publishDate 2020
institution Swansea University
issn 2296-665X
doi_str_mv 10.3389/fenvs.2020.00145
publisher Frontiers Media SA
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
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hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Chemical Engineering{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Chemical Engineering
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description While the presence of microplastics has been reported in aquatic habitats across the globe, the pathways through which they enter the environment are still poorly understood. Studies investigating the fate of microplastics in wastewater are gaining attention but are still scarce, despite the urgent need to understand the role of wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) as point sources of aquatic microplastic pollution. A likely reason for the limited number of WWTP-associated studies is that working with a biogenic organic matter (BOM)-rich sample matrix like wastewater is challenging. Here, we investigated the presence of microplastics throughout several stages of a WWTP at multiple depths, employing Fenton’s reagent and focal plane array-based reflectance micro-Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopic (FPA-based reflectance micro-FTIR) imaging, a protocol that allows the automated detection and identification of microplastics in complex samples with high organic matter content, without the need for previous visual sorting, or reducing considerably the thickness of the sample, or the use of IR-transparent transmission windows. It was found that the number of microplastic fragments detected at downstream stages of the WWTP notably decreased following the primary settlement stage, with primary settlement stage samples responsible for 76.9% of total microplastics detected. Despite the marked reduction in the number of microplastic particles following the primary settlement stage, an average total of 1.5 MP L-1 were identified in the final effluent of the WWTP.
published_date 2020-08-25T04:56:25Z
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