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A new method for integrating and controlling synchronous generators in power systems (GB2012267.7)

Meghdad Fazeli Orcid Logo

Swansea University Author: Meghdad Fazeli Orcid Logo

Abstract

Synchronous generators (SGs) are the most popular type of generators that are used worldwide to generate electricity. There are two main types of SG: round-rotor (also known as turbo-generator) and salient-rotor. The principle of the operation of both types are the same: the rotor is connected to a...

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Published: 2020
URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa55112
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first_indexed 2020-09-02T14:51:31Z
last_indexed 2020-11-12T04:13:41Z
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fullrecord <?xml version="1.0"?><rfc1807><datestamp>2020-11-11T16:01:57.2082130</datestamp><bib-version>v2</bib-version><id>55112</id><entry>2020-09-02</entry><title>A new method for integrating and controlling synchronous generators in power systems (GB2012267.7)</title><swanseaauthors><author><sid>b7aae4026707ed626d812d07018a2113</sid><ORCID>0000-0003-1448-5339</ORCID><firstname>Meghdad</firstname><surname>Fazeli</surname><name>Meghdad Fazeli</name><active>true</active><ethesisStudent>false</ethesisStudent></author></swanseaauthors><date>2020-09-02</date><deptcode>EEEG</deptcode><abstract>Synchronous generators (SGs) are the most popular type of generators that are used worldwide to generate electricity. There are two main types of SG: round-rotor (also known as turbo-generator) and salient-rotor. The principle of the operation of both types are the same: the rotor is connected to a mechanical source of energy, known as the prime mover, and rotates with it. Therefore, the rotating magnetic field (using either electro- or permanent magnet) of the rotor induce a voltage in the stator windings, which is connected to the load/grid. The prime movers for fossil/bio/nuclear fuelled power stations are either steam or gas turbines. SGs also are used as distributed generation units e.g. in CHP plants, where they are called microgenerators. The SGs are even used for renewable systems (e.g. wind), which are not the concern of this patent. The ever-increasing penetration of Power Electronic Converter (PEC)-based generation units (e.g. renewable energy), has been causing numerous challenges for the network operators and has put the power networks on the verge of instability. Some of these challenges, which are due to the intermittent nature of renewable energy, do not depend on the power system structure. For example, as the penetration of renewable energy increases, more energy storage (ES) facilities will be needed to balance the generation with the demand (regardless of the system structure). However, there are some challenges (such as reduction in the short circuit level, phase angle movement, and rate-of-change-of-frequency) that do depend on the system structure. To alleviate these issues the popular approach (in both industry and academia) is to make the PECs behave like SGs. However, this approach is not optimized. For example, a SG can inject between 5-7 pu (per unit) fault current, known as short circuit level (SCL), while that of PEC-based unit is about 1.1-1.2 pu. Therefore, in order to be able to supply similar SCLs by the PEC-based units we must either &#x201C;de-load&#x201D; during normal operation or use over-sized power electronics switches. Neither de-loading nor using over-rated switches is an optimized solution and increase the energy price. This patent proposes a &#x201C;steer into the skid&#x201D; strategy involving the decoupling of SGs from the network using AC/DC/AC PECs and controlling them such that the PECs impose the power on the SGs according to the local voltage and frequency (virtual AVR and virtual Governor).</abstract><type>Patent / published patent application</type><journal/><volume/><journalNumber/><paginationStart/><paginationEnd/><publisher/><placeOfPublication/><isbnPrint/><isbnElectronic/><issnPrint/><issnElectronic/><keywords/><publishedDay>6</publishedDay><publishedMonth>8</publishedMonth><publishedYear>2020</publishedYear><publishedDate>2020-08-06</publishedDate><doi/><url/><notes/><college>COLLEGE NANME</college><department>Electronic and Electrical Engineering</department><CollegeCode>COLLEGE CODE</CollegeCode><DepartmentCode>EEEG</DepartmentCode><institution>Swansea University</institution><apcterm/><lastEdited>2020-11-11T16:01:57.2082130</lastEdited><Created>2020-09-02T15:46:51.6733964</Created><path><level id="1">Faculty of Science and Engineering</level><level id="2">School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Electronic and Electrical Engineering</level></path><authors><author><firstname>Meghdad</firstname><surname>Fazeli</surname><orcid>0000-0003-1448-5339</orcid><order>1</order></author></authors><documents><document><filename>55112__18104__4cedbdc3ae884278aa279c90c048fc46.pdf</filename><originalFilename>Swansea University P100180GB a new method for integrating and controlling synchronous generators in power systems.pdf</originalFilename><uploaded>2020-09-02T15:50:56.4294667</uploaded><type>Output</type><contentLength>311206</contentLength><contentType>application/pdf</contentType><version>Submitted Manuscript Under Review</version><cronfaStatus>true</cronfaStatus><copyrightCorrect>false</copyrightCorrect></document></documents><OutputDurs/></rfc1807>
spelling 2020-11-11T16:01:57.2082130 v2 55112 2020-09-02 A new method for integrating and controlling synchronous generators in power systems (GB2012267.7) b7aae4026707ed626d812d07018a2113 0000-0003-1448-5339 Meghdad Fazeli Meghdad Fazeli true false 2020-09-02 EEEG Synchronous generators (SGs) are the most popular type of generators that are used worldwide to generate electricity. There are two main types of SG: round-rotor (also known as turbo-generator) and salient-rotor. The principle of the operation of both types are the same: the rotor is connected to a mechanical source of energy, known as the prime mover, and rotates with it. Therefore, the rotating magnetic field (using either electro- or permanent magnet) of the rotor induce a voltage in the stator windings, which is connected to the load/grid. The prime movers for fossil/bio/nuclear fuelled power stations are either steam or gas turbines. SGs also are used as distributed generation units e.g. in CHP plants, where they are called microgenerators. The SGs are even used for renewable systems (e.g. wind), which are not the concern of this patent. The ever-increasing penetration of Power Electronic Converter (PEC)-based generation units (e.g. renewable energy), has been causing numerous challenges for the network operators and has put the power networks on the verge of instability. Some of these challenges, which are due to the intermittent nature of renewable energy, do not depend on the power system structure. For example, as the penetration of renewable energy increases, more energy storage (ES) facilities will be needed to balance the generation with the demand (regardless of the system structure). However, there are some challenges (such as reduction in the short circuit level, phase angle movement, and rate-of-change-of-frequency) that do depend on the system structure. To alleviate these issues the popular approach (in both industry and academia) is to make the PECs behave like SGs. However, this approach is not optimized. For example, a SG can inject between 5-7 pu (per unit) fault current, known as short circuit level (SCL), while that of PEC-based unit is about 1.1-1.2 pu. Therefore, in order to be able to supply similar SCLs by the PEC-based units we must either “de-load” during normal operation or use over-sized power electronics switches. Neither de-loading nor using over-rated switches is an optimized solution and increase the energy price. This patent proposes a “steer into the skid” strategy involving the decoupling of SGs from the network using AC/DC/AC PECs and controlling them such that the PECs impose the power on the SGs according to the local voltage and frequency (virtual AVR and virtual Governor). Patent / published patent application 6 8 2020 2020-08-06 COLLEGE NANME Electronic and Electrical Engineering COLLEGE CODE EEEG Swansea University 2020-11-11T16:01:57.2082130 2020-09-02T15:46:51.6733964 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Electronic and Electrical Engineering Meghdad Fazeli 0000-0003-1448-5339 1 55112__18104__4cedbdc3ae884278aa279c90c048fc46.pdf Swansea University P100180GB a new method for integrating and controlling synchronous generators in power systems.pdf 2020-09-02T15:50:56.4294667 Output 311206 application/pdf Submitted Manuscript Under Review true false
title A new method for integrating and controlling synchronous generators in power systems (GB2012267.7)
spellingShingle A new method for integrating and controlling synchronous generators in power systems (GB2012267.7)
Meghdad Fazeli
title_short A new method for integrating and controlling synchronous generators in power systems (GB2012267.7)
title_full A new method for integrating and controlling synchronous generators in power systems (GB2012267.7)
title_fullStr A new method for integrating and controlling synchronous generators in power systems (GB2012267.7)
title_full_unstemmed A new method for integrating and controlling synchronous generators in power systems (GB2012267.7)
title_sort A new method for integrating and controlling synchronous generators in power systems (GB2012267.7)
author_id_str_mv b7aae4026707ed626d812d07018a2113
author_id_fullname_str_mv b7aae4026707ed626d812d07018a2113_***_Meghdad Fazeli
author Meghdad Fazeli
author2 Meghdad Fazeli
format Patent
publishDate 2020
institution Swansea University
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Electronic and Electrical Engineering{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Electronic and Electrical Engineering
document_store_str 1
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description Synchronous generators (SGs) are the most popular type of generators that are used worldwide to generate electricity. There are two main types of SG: round-rotor (also known as turbo-generator) and salient-rotor. The principle of the operation of both types are the same: the rotor is connected to a mechanical source of energy, known as the prime mover, and rotates with it. Therefore, the rotating magnetic field (using either electro- or permanent magnet) of the rotor induce a voltage in the stator windings, which is connected to the load/grid. The prime movers for fossil/bio/nuclear fuelled power stations are either steam or gas turbines. SGs also are used as distributed generation units e.g. in CHP plants, where they are called microgenerators. The SGs are even used for renewable systems (e.g. wind), which are not the concern of this patent. The ever-increasing penetration of Power Electronic Converter (PEC)-based generation units (e.g. renewable energy), has been causing numerous challenges for the network operators and has put the power networks on the verge of instability. Some of these challenges, which are due to the intermittent nature of renewable energy, do not depend on the power system structure. For example, as the penetration of renewable energy increases, more energy storage (ES) facilities will be needed to balance the generation with the demand (regardless of the system structure). However, there are some challenges (such as reduction in the short circuit level, phase angle movement, and rate-of-change-of-frequency) that do depend on the system structure. To alleviate these issues the popular approach (in both industry and academia) is to make the PECs behave like SGs. However, this approach is not optimized. For example, a SG can inject between 5-7 pu (per unit) fault current, known as short circuit level (SCL), while that of PEC-based unit is about 1.1-1.2 pu. Therefore, in order to be able to supply similar SCLs by the PEC-based units we must either “de-load” during normal operation or use over-sized power electronics switches. Neither de-loading nor using over-rated switches is an optimized solution and increase the energy price. This patent proposes a “steer into the skid” strategy involving the decoupling of SGs from the network using AC/DC/AC PECs and controlling them such that the PECs impose the power on the SGs according to the local voltage and frequency (virtual AVR and virtual Governor).
published_date 2020-08-06T04:09:06Z
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score 11.035655

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