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Spatial inequalities of COVID-19 mortality rate in relation to socioeconomic and environmental factors across England

Yeran Sun, Xuke Hu, Jing Xie

Science of The Total Environment, Volume: 758, Issue: 143595, Start page: 143595

Swansea University Author: Yeran Sun

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Abstract

In this study, we aimed to examine spatial inequalities of COVID-19 mortality rate in relation to spatial inequalities of socioeconomic and environmental factors across England. Specifically, we first explored spatial patterns of COVID-19 mortality rate in comparison to non-COVID-19 mortality rate....

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Published in: Science of The Total Environment
ISSN: 0048-9697
Published: Elsevier BV 2021
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa56127
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spelling 2021-02-12T16:30:07.9480907 v2 56127 2021-01-25 Spatial inequalities of COVID-19 mortality rate in relation to socioeconomic and environmental factors across England 10382520ce790248e1be61a6a9003717 Yeran Sun Yeran Sun true false 2021-01-25 In this study, we aimed to examine spatial inequalities of COVID-19 mortality rate in relation to spatial inequalities of socioeconomic and environmental factors across England. Specifically, we first explored spatial patterns of COVID-19 mortality rate in comparison to non-COVID-19 mortality rate. Subsequently, we established models to investigate contributions of socioeconomic and environmental factors to spatial variations of COVID-19 mortality rate across England (N = 317). Two newly developed specifications of spatial regression models were established successfully to estimate COVID-19 mortality rate (R2 = 0.49 and R2 = 0.793). The level of spatial inequalities of COVID-19 mortality is higher than that of non-COVID-19 mortality in England. Although global spatial association of COVID-19 mortality and non-COVID-19 mortality is positive, local spatial association of COVID-19 mortality and non-COVID-19 mortality is negative in some areas. Expectedly, hospital accessibility is negatively related to COVID-19 mortality rate. Percent of Asians, percent of Blacks, and unemployment rate are positively related to COVID-19 mortality rate. More importantly, relative humidity is negatively related to COVID-19 mortality rate. Moreover, among the spatial models estimated, the ‘random effects specification of eigenvector spatial filtering model’ outperforms the ‘matrix exponential spatial specification of spatial autoregressive model’. Journal Article Science of The Total Environment 758 143595 143595 Elsevier BV 0048-9697 COVID-19 mortality; Spatial disparities; Matrix exponential spatial specification model; Eigenvector spatial filtering model; Socioeconomic disadvantage 1 3 2021 2021-03-01 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143595 COLLEGE NANME COLLEGE CODE Swansea University 2021-02-12T16:30:07.9480907 2021-01-25T13:50:26.0992335 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Geography Yeran Sun 1 Xuke Hu 2 Jing Xie 3 56127__19173__30e2579aca234fe3be0e5e308c6d5886.pdf main manuscript_publication.pdf 2021-01-25T13:56:51.7194685 Output 813007 application/pdf Accepted Manuscript true 2021-11-13T00:00:00.0000000 ©2020 All rights reserved. All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives License (CC-BY-NC-ND) true eng
title Spatial inequalities of COVID-19 mortality rate in relation to socioeconomic and environmental factors across England
spellingShingle Spatial inequalities of COVID-19 mortality rate in relation to socioeconomic and environmental factors across England
Yeran Sun
title_short Spatial inequalities of COVID-19 mortality rate in relation to socioeconomic and environmental factors across England
title_full Spatial inequalities of COVID-19 mortality rate in relation to socioeconomic and environmental factors across England
title_fullStr Spatial inequalities of COVID-19 mortality rate in relation to socioeconomic and environmental factors across England
title_full_unstemmed Spatial inequalities of COVID-19 mortality rate in relation to socioeconomic and environmental factors across England
title_sort Spatial inequalities of COVID-19 mortality rate in relation to socioeconomic and environmental factors across England
author_id_str_mv 10382520ce790248e1be61a6a9003717
author_id_fullname_str_mv 10382520ce790248e1be61a6a9003717_***_Yeran Sun
author Yeran Sun
author2 Yeran Sun
Xuke Hu
Jing Xie
format Journal article
container_title Science of The Total Environment
container_volume 758
container_issue 143595
container_start_page 143595
publishDate 2021
institution Swansea University
issn 0048-9697
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143595
publisher Elsevier BV
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Geography{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Geography
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description In this study, we aimed to examine spatial inequalities of COVID-19 mortality rate in relation to spatial inequalities of socioeconomic and environmental factors across England. Specifically, we first explored spatial patterns of COVID-19 mortality rate in comparison to non-COVID-19 mortality rate. Subsequently, we established models to investigate contributions of socioeconomic and environmental factors to spatial variations of COVID-19 mortality rate across England (N = 317). Two newly developed specifications of spatial regression models were established successfully to estimate COVID-19 mortality rate (R2 = 0.49 and R2 = 0.793). The level of spatial inequalities of COVID-19 mortality is higher than that of non-COVID-19 mortality in England. Although global spatial association of COVID-19 mortality and non-COVID-19 mortality is positive, local spatial association of COVID-19 mortality and non-COVID-19 mortality is negative in some areas. Expectedly, hospital accessibility is negatively related to COVID-19 mortality rate. Percent of Asians, percent of Blacks, and unemployment rate are positively related to COVID-19 mortality rate. More importantly, relative humidity is negatively related to COVID-19 mortality rate. Moreover, among the spatial models estimated, the ‘random effects specification of eigenvector spatial filtering model’ outperforms the ‘matrix exponential spatial specification of spatial autoregressive model’.
published_date 2021-03-01T04:10:51Z
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