Turning turtle: scaling relationships and self-righting ability in Chelydra serpentina

Ruhr, Ilan M.; Rose, Kayleigh; Sellers, William I.; Crossley, Dane A.; Codd, Jonathan R.

doi:10.1098/rspb.2021.0213

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Turning turtle: scaling relationships and self-righting ability in Chelydra serpentina

Ilan M. Ruhr, Kayleigh Rose

, William I. Sellers, Dane A. Crossley, Jonathan R. Codd

Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, Volume: 288, Issue: 1946, Start page: 20210213

Swansea University Author: Kayleigh Rose

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DOI (Published version): 10.1098/rspb.2021.0213

Abstract

Testudines are susceptible to inversion and self-righting using their necks, limbs or both, to generate enough mechanical force to flip over. We investigated how shell morphology, neck length and self-righting biomechanics scale with body mass during ontogeny in Chelydra serpentina, which uses neck-...

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Published in:	Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
ISSN:	0962-8452 1471-2954
Published:	The Royal Society 2021
Online Access:	Check full text
URI:	https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa56363
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last_indexed	2021-03-27T04:28:48Z
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spelling	2021-03-26T14:30:13.4548578 v2 56363 2021-03-03 Turning turtle: scaling relationships and self-righting ability in Chelydra serpentina 83a47731b96af0d69fcbdb6c4c5a20aa 0000-0001-7023-2809 Kayleigh Rose Kayleigh Rose true false 2021-03-03 SBI Testudines are susceptible to inversion and self-righting using their necks, limbs or both, to generate enough mechanical force to flip over. We investigated how shell morphology, neck length and self-righting biomechanics scale with body mass during ontogeny in Chelydra serpentina, which uses neck-powered self-righting. We found that younger turtles flipped over twice as fast as older individuals. A simple geometric model predicted the relationships of shell shape and self-righting time with body mass. Conversely, neck force, power output and kinetic energy increase with body mass at rates greater than predicted. These findings were correlated with relatively longer necks in younger turtles than would be predicted by geometric similarity. Therefore, younger turtles self-right with lower biomechanical costs than predicted by simple scaling theory. Considering younger turtles are more prone to inverting and their shells offer less protection, faster and less costly self-righting would be advantageous in overcoming the detriments of inversion. Journal Article Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 288 1946 20210213 The Royal Society 0962-8452 1471-2954 10 3 2021 2021-03-10 10.1098/rspb.2021.0213 COLLEGE NANME Biosciences COLLEGE CODE SBI Swansea University 2021-03-26T14:30:13.4548578 2021-03-03T09:57:14.9501533 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences Ilan M. Ruhr 1 Kayleigh Rose 0000-0001-7023-2809 2 William I. Sellers 3 Dane A. Crossley 4 Jonathan R. Codd 5 56363__19573__6c2320a866d54136b7c0f0e390a5333e.pdf 56363.pdf 2021-03-26T14:21:42.9300718 Output 395490 application/pdf Accepted Manuscript true Released under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY) true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 56363__19574__5c4fcb1c3be840088dc3a194cda089e6.pdf 56363_Figures_Captions (1).pdf 2021-03-26T14:26:20.0707356 Output 112124 application/pdf Supplemental material true Released under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY) true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 56363__19576__9055276f86cc4754bbfd495f49d72dd1.pdf 56363_supplemental material.pdf 2021-03-26T14:27:37.8843655 Output 275313 application/pdf Supplemental material true Released under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY) true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title	Turning turtle: scaling relationships and self-righting ability in Chelydra serpentina
spellingShingle	Turning turtle: scaling relationships and self-righting ability in Chelydra serpentina Kayleigh Rose
title_short	Turning turtle: scaling relationships and self-righting ability in Chelydra serpentina
title_full	Turning turtle: scaling relationships and self-righting ability in Chelydra serpentina
title_fullStr	Turning turtle: scaling relationships and self-righting ability in Chelydra serpentina
title_full_unstemmed	Turning turtle: scaling relationships and self-righting ability in Chelydra serpentina
title_sort	Turning turtle: scaling relationships and self-righting ability in Chelydra serpentina
author_id_str_mv	83a47731b96af0d69fcbdb6c4c5a20aa
author_id_fullname_str_mv	83a47731b96af0d69fcbdb6c4c5a20aa_***_Kayleigh Rose
author	Kayleigh Rose
author2	Ilan M. Ruhr Kayleigh Rose William I. Sellers Dane A. Crossley Jonathan R. Codd
format	Journal article
container_title	Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
container_volume	288
container_issue	1946
container_start_page	20210213
publishDate	2021
institution	Swansea University
issn	0962-8452 1471-2954
doi_str_mv	10.1098/rspb.2021.0213
publisher	The Royal Society
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description	Testudines are susceptible to inversion and self-righting using their necks, limbs or both, to generate enough mechanical force to flip over. We investigated how shell morphology, neck length and self-righting biomechanics scale with body mass during ontogeny in Chelydra serpentina, which uses neck-powered self-righting. We found that younger turtles flipped over twice as fast as older individuals. A simple geometric model predicted the relationships of shell shape and self-righting time with body mass. Conversely, neck force, power output and kinetic energy increase with body mass at rates greater than predicted. These findings were correlated with relatively longer necks in younger turtles than would be predicted by geometric similarity. Therefore, younger turtles self-right with lower biomechanical costs than predicted by simple scaling theory. Considering younger turtles are more prone to inverting and their shells offer less protection, faster and less costly self-righting would be advantageous in overcoming the detriments of inversion.
published_date	2021-03-10T04:11:16Z
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Turning turtle: scaling relationships and self-righting ability in Chelydra serpentina

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