Journal article 640 views 102 downloads
Metabolic profiling in serum, cerebrospinal fluid, and brain of patients with cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis
,
Holger Hengel,
Lauren Griffiths ,
Florentine Radelfahr,
Owain Howell ,
Yuqin Wang ,
Sonja L. Connor,
P. Barton Duell,
Andrea E. DeBarber,
Peter Martus,
Dieter Lütjohann,
William Griffiths ,
Ludger Schöls
Journal of Lipid Research, Volume: 62, Start page: 100078
Swansea University Authors:
Eylan Yutuc , Lauren Griffiths , Owain Howell , Yuqin Wang , William Griffiths
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DOI (Published version): 10.1016/j.jlr.2021.100078
Abstract
Cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (CTX) is caused by autosomal recessive loss of function mutations in CYP27A1 resulting in altered bile acid and lipid metabolism. We aimed to identify metabolic aberrations that drive neurodegeneration in CTX despite chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) treatment. Therefore, w...
| Published in: | Journal of Lipid Research |
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| ISSN: | 0022-2275 |
| Published: |
Elsevier BV
2021
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| Online Access: |
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| URI: | https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa56747 |
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| Abstract: |
Cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (CTX) is caused by autosomal recessive loss of function mutations in CYP27A1 resulting in altered bile acid and lipid metabolism. We aimed to identify metabolic aberrations that drive neurodegeneration in CTX despite chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) treatment. Therefore, we analyzed 26 sterol metabolites in serum and CSF of patients with CTX and in one CTX brain using chromatographic separation techniques coupled to mass spectrometry. Samples of drug naive patients were compared to patients treated with CDCA and healthy controls. We identified 7α,12α-dihydroxycholest-4-en-3-one as the most prominently elevated metabolite in serum and CSF of drug naive patients compared to controls. Standard diagnostic markers like 5α-cholestanol and 7α-hydroxycholesterol were less consistently elevated in CTX. CDCA treatment substantially reduced or even normalized levels of all metabolites increased in untreated patients with CTX. Independent of CDCA treatment, metabolites of the 27-hydroxylation pathway were almost completely absent in all patients with CTX. 27-hydroxylated metabolites accounted for ~45% of total free sterol content in CSF of healthy controls but <2% in patients with CTX. Metabolic changes in brain tissue corresponded well with findings in CSF. Interestingly, 7α,12α-dihydroxycholest-4-en-3-one and 5α-cholestanol did not exert toxicity in neuronal cell culture. In conclusion, we propose that increased 7α,12α-dihydroxycholest-4-en-3-one and lack of 27-hydroxycholesterol may be the most sensitive metabolic biomarkers of CTX. As CDCA cannot reliably prevent disease progression despite reduction of most accumulated metabolites, supplementation of 27-hydroxylated bile acid intermediates or replacement of CYP27A1 might be required to counter neurodegeneration in patients with progressive disease despite CDCA treatment. |
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| College: |
Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences |
| Funders: |
UK Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, grant numbers BB/I001735/1, BB/N015932/1 and BB/L001942/1. |
| Start Page: |
100078 |