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Controlled and permanent induced Fermi shifts and upwards band bending in ZnO nanorods by surface stripping with argon bombardment

Christopher Barnett, James McGettrick Orcid Logo, Varun Gangoli Orcid Logo, Jorge Navarro Torres, Trystan Watson Orcid Logo, Thierry Maffeis Orcid Logo, Andrew Barron Orcid Logo, Alvin Orbaek White Orcid Logo

Materials Letters, Volume: 301, Start page: 130288

Swansea University Authors: Christopher Barnett, James McGettrick Orcid Logo, Varun Gangoli Orcid Logo, Jorge Navarro Torres, Trystan Watson Orcid Logo, Thierry Maffeis Orcid Logo, Andrew Barron Orcid Logo, Alvin Orbaek White Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1016/j.matlet.2021.130288

Abstract

Optimised ZnO nanorod characteristics are essential for novel devices to operate efficiently, especially shifting the n-type nature towards intrinsic or p-type. The effects of argon bombardment for varying amounts of time on the surface chemistry and Fermi level of ZnO nanorods have been studied usi...

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Published in: Materials Letters
ISSN: 0167-577X
Published: Elsevier BV 2021
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa57191
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The effects of argon bombardment for varying amounts of time on the surface chemistry and Fermi level of ZnO nanorods have been studied using XPS. Bombardment at 5 keV removed surface contamination caused by amorphous carbon and OH-, H2O and C-O groups. The bombardment also causes the O1s, Zn2p and valence band to shift to lower binding energies, indicating a shift towards intrinsic behaviour. Bombardment time can be used to effect a shift up to 0.8 eV, and this shift remains after the nanorods were re-contaminated by exposure to ambient conditions for 28 days. 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spelling 2022-08-15T14:01:17.5748928 v2 57191 2021-06-24 Controlled and permanent induced Fermi shifts and upwards band bending in ZnO nanorods by surface stripping with argon bombardment 3cc4b7c0dcf59d3ff31f9f13b0e5a831 Christopher Barnett Christopher Barnett true false bdbacc591e2de05180e0fd3cc13fa480 0000-0002-7719-2958 James McGettrick James McGettrick true false 677b4758fd9d95755d516b096be7d396 0000-0001-5313-5839 Varun Gangoli Varun Gangoli true false 03488f1230e69904a589e657796074ca Jorge Navarro Torres Jorge Navarro Torres true false a210327b52472cfe8df9b8108d661457 0000-0002-8015-1436 Trystan Watson Trystan Watson true false 992eb4cb18b61c0cd3da6e0215ac787c 0000-0003-2357-0092 Thierry Maffeis Thierry Maffeis true false 92e452f20936d688d36f91c78574241d 0000-0002-2018-8288 Andrew Barron Andrew Barron true false 8414a23650d4403fdfe1a735dbd2e24e 0000-0001-6338-5970 Alvin Orbaek White Alvin Orbaek White true false 2021-06-24 FGSEN Optimised ZnO nanorod characteristics are essential for novel devices to operate efficiently, especially shifting the n-type nature towards intrinsic or p-type. The effects of argon bombardment for varying amounts of time on the surface chemistry and Fermi level of ZnO nanorods have been studied using XPS. Bombardment at 5 keV removed surface contamination caused by amorphous carbon and OH-, H2O and C-O groups. The bombardment also causes the O1s, Zn2p and valence band to shift to lower binding energies, indicating a shift towards intrinsic behaviour. Bombardment time can be used to effect a shift up to 0.8 eV, and this shift remains after the nanorods were re-contaminated by exposure to ambient conditions for 28 days. These results indicate that argon bombardment can permanently shift the n-type nature of ZnO to intrinsic for use in novel devices. Journal Article Materials Letters 301 130288 Elsevier BV 0167-577X ZnO, nanorod, argon bombardment, XPS, Fermi Shift 15 10 2021 2021-10-15 10.1016/j.matlet.2021.130288 COLLEGE NANME Science and Engineering - Faculty COLLEGE CODE FGSEN Swansea University Financial support was provided by the Flexible Integrated Energy Systems (FLEXIS) operations funded by the Welsh European Funding Office (WEFO) through the Welsh. Government, and the Robert A. Welch Foundation (C-0002). The Welsh Government is also acknowledged for Sêr Cymru Circular Economy fund and the Sêr Cymru II Fellowships (A.O.W) part funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). XPS facilities and J. Mc are part funded by WEFO (80708) and EPSRC (EP/P030068/1 & EP/M028267/1) 2022-08-15T14:01:17.5748928 2021-06-24T09:25:35.4004159 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Electronic and Electrical Engineering Christopher Barnett 1 James McGettrick 0000-0002-7719-2958 2 Varun Gangoli 0000-0001-5313-5839 3 Jorge Navarro Torres 4 Trystan Watson 0000-0002-8015-1436 5 Thierry Maffeis 0000-0003-2357-0092 6 Andrew Barron 0000-0002-2018-8288 7 Alvin Orbaek White 0000-0001-6338-5970 8 57191__20231__0b8eb3515da04c578bd94406af9431be.pdf 57191.pdf 2021-06-24T09:27:26.4062868 Output 668392 application/pdf Accepted Manuscript true 2022-06-21T00:00:00.0000000 Released under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
title Controlled and permanent induced Fermi shifts and upwards band bending in ZnO nanorods by surface stripping with argon bombardment
spellingShingle Controlled and permanent induced Fermi shifts and upwards band bending in ZnO nanorods by surface stripping with argon bombardment
Christopher Barnett
James McGettrick
Varun Gangoli
Jorge Navarro Torres
Trystan Watson
Thierry Maffeis
Andrew Barron
Alvin Orbaek White
title_short Controlled and permanent induced Fermi shifts and upwards band bending in ZnO nanorods by surface stripping with argon bombardment
title_full Controlled and permanent induced Fermi shifts and upwards band bending in ZnO nanorods by surface stripping with argon bombardment
title_fullStr Controlled and permanent induced Fermi shifts and upwards band bending in ZnO nanorods by surface stripping with argon bombardment
title_full_unstemmed Controlled and permanent induced Fermi shifts and upwards band bending in ZnO nanorods by surface stripping with argon bombardment
title_sort Controlled and permanent induced Fermi shifts and upwards band bending in ZnO nanorods by surface stripping with argon bombardment
author_id_str_mv 3cc4b7c0dcf59d3ff31f9f13b0e5a831
bdbacc591e2de05180e0fd3cc13fa480
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03488f1230e69904a589e657796074ca
a210327b52472cfe8df9b8108d661457
992eb4cb18b61c0cd3da6e0215ac787c
92e452f20936d688d36f91c78574241d
8414a23650d4403fdfe1a735dbd2e24e
author_id_fullname_str_mv 3cc4b7c0dcf59d3ff31f9f13b0e5a831_***_Christopher Barnett
bdbacc591e2de05180e0fd3cc13fa480_***_James McGettrick
677b4758fd9d95755d516b096be7d396_***_Varun Gangoli
03488f1230e69904a589e657796074ca_***_Jorge Navarro Torres
a210327b52472cfe8df9b8108d661457_***_Trystan Watson
992eb4cb18b61c0cd3da6e0215ac787c_***_Thierry Maffeis
92e452f20936d688d36f91c78574241d_***_Andrew Barron
8414a23650d4403fdfe1a735dbd2e24e_***_Alvin Orbaek White
author Christopher Barnett
James McGettrick
Varun Gangoli
Jorge Navarro Torres
Trystan Watson
Thierry Maffeis
Andrew Barron
Alvin Orbaek White
author2 Christopher Barnett
James McGettrick
Varun Gangoli
Jorge Navarro Torres
Trystan Watson
Thierry Maffeis
Andrew Barron
Alvin Orbaek White
format Journal article
container_title Materials Letters
container_volume 301
container_start_page 130288
publishDate 2021
institution Swansea University
issn 0167-577X
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.matlet.2021.130288
publisher Elsevier BV
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Electronic and Electrical Engineering{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Electronic and Electrical Engineering
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description Optimised ZnO nanorod characteristics are essential for novel devices to operate efficiently, especially shifting the n-type nature towards intrinsic or p-type. The effects of argon bombardment for varying amounts of time on the surface chemistry and Fermi level of ZnO nanorods have been studied using XPS. Bombardment at 5 keV removed surface contamination caused by amorphous carbon and OH-, H2O and C-O groups. The bombardment also causes the O1s, Zn2p and valence band to shift to lower binding energies, indicating a shift towards intrinsic behaviour. Bombardment time can be used to effect a shift up to 0.8 eV, and this shift remains after the nanorods were re-contaminated by exposure to ambient conditions for 28 days. These results indicate that argon bombardment can permanently shift the n-type nature of ZnO to intrinsic for use in novel devices.
published_date 2021-10-15T04:12:44Z
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score 11.012678

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