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Single material thermocouples from graphite traces: Fabricating extremely simple and low cost thermal sensors

Rafiq Mulla, Charlie Dunnill Orcid Logo

Carbon Trends, Volume: 4, Start page: 100077

Swansea University Authors: Rafiq Mulla, Charlie Dunnill Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1016/j.cartre.2021.100077

Abstract

Thermocouples are a universal type of thermal sensors routinely used in different applications for the measurement and monitoring of temperature. Traditionally, they are constructed from two dissimilar conductors. In this work, single material thermocouples are fabricated using graphite pencil trace...

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Published in: Carbon Trends
ISSN: 2667-0569
Published: Elsevier BV 2021
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa57193
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first_indexed 2021-06-24T08:32:41Z
last_indexed 2023-01-11T14:36:56Z
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spelling 2022-07-05T13:38:33.0571484 v2 57193 2021-06-24 Single material thermocouples from graphite traces: Fabricating extremely simple and low cost thermal sensors 1a1c32917f31df48a473a4f846068035 Rafiq Mulla Rafiq Mulla true false 0c4af8958eda0d2e914a5edc3210cd9e 0000-0003-4052-6931 Charlie Dunnill Charlie Dunnill true false 2021-06-24 CHEG Thermocouples are a universal type of thermal sensors routinely used in different applications for the measurement and monitoring of temperature. Traditionally, they are constructed from two dissimilar conductors. In this work, single material thermocouples are fabricated using graphite pencil traces patterned on cellulose paper. The different magnitudes of the Seebeck coefficients in different grade pencils facilitate successful construction of a graphite‐only thermocouple sensor. These extremely simple, low-cost, and eco-friendly thermocouple sensors have shown stable and reliable sensitivity of 7.4 (±0.3) µVK−1, indicating a good temperature resolution of better than 0.2 K. With the advantage of simple and solvent-free fabrication process, such devices can be developed as cheap, environmentally friendly, and disposable thermal sensors. Journal Article Carbon Trends 4 100077 Elsevier BV 2667-0569 Thermocouple, single metal thermocouple, graphite trace, pencil thermocouple, temperature sensor 3 7 2021 2021-07-03 10.1016/j.cartre.2021.100077 COLLEGE NANME Chemical Engineering COLLEGE CODE CHEG Swansea University Authors are thankful to the Welsh Government (EU European Regional Development Fund) for funding the RICE (Reducing Industrial Carbon Emission) project (Grant Number: 81435). Authors would like to acknowledge the assistance provided by Swansea University College of Engineering AIM Facility, which was funded in part by the EPSRC (EP/M028267/1), the European Regional Development Fund through the Welsh Government (80708) and the Ser Solar project via Welsh Government. EP/M028267/1 2022-07-05T13:38:33.0571484 2021-06-24T09:29:26.7407324 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Chemical Engineering Rafiq Mulla 1 Charlie Dunnill 0000-0003-4052-6931 2 57193__20402__106ef25708724355a79949da536e30ec.pdf 57193.pdf 2021-07-14T16:35:25.2483417 Output 2822155 application/pdf Version of Record true ©2021 The Authors. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license true eng https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
title Single material thermocouples from graphite traces: Fabricating extremely simple and low cost thermal sensors
spellingShingle Single material thermocouples from graphite traces: Fabricating extremely simple and low cost thermal sensors
Rafiq Mulla
Charlie Dunnill
title_short Single material thermocouples from graphite traces: Fabricating extremely simple and low cost thermal sensors
title_full Single material thermocouples from graphite traces: Fabricating extremely simple and low cost thermal sensors
title_fullStr Single material thermocouples from graphite traces: Fabricating extremely simple and low cost thermal sensors
title_full_unstemmed Single material thermocouples from graphite traces: Fabricating extremely simple and low cost thermal sensors
title_sort Single material thermocouples from graphite traces: Fabricating extremely simple and low cost thermal sensors
author_id_str_mv 1a1c32917f31df48a473a4f846068035
0c4af8958eda0d2e914a5edc3210cd9e
author_id_fullname_str_mv 1a1c32917f31df48a473a4f846068035_***_Rafiq Mulla
0c4af8958eda0d2e914a5edc3210cd9e_***_Charlie Dunnill
author Rafiq Mulla
Charlie Dunnill
author2 Rafiq Mulla
Charlie Dunnill
format Journal article
container_title Carbon Trends
container_volume 4
container_start_page 100077
publishDate 2021
institution Swansea University
issn 2667-0569
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.cartre.2021.100077
publisher Elsevier BV
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
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hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Chemical Engineering{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Chemical Engineering
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description Thermocouples are a universal type of thermal sensors routinely used in different applications for the measurement and monitoring of temperature. Traditionally, they are constructed from two dissimilar conductors. In this work, single material thermocouples are fabricated using graphite pencil traces patterned on cellulose paper. The different magnitudes of the Seebeck coefficients in different grade pencils facilitate successful construction of a graphite‐only thermocouple sensor. These extremely simple, low-cost, and eco-friendly thermocouple sensors have shown stable and reliable sensitivity of 7.4 (±0.3) µVK−1, indicating a good temperature resolution of better than 0.2 K. With the advantage of simple and solvent-free fabrication process, such devices can be developed as cheap, environmentally friendly, and disposable thermal sensors.
published_date 2021-07-03T04:12:45Z
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score 11.016235

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