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Opto-Electrical Interactions in Next Generation Semiconductor Thin Films and Devices / ROBIN KERREMANS

Swansea University Author: ROBIN KERREMANS

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DOI (Published version): 10.23889/SUthesis.58767

Abstract

The processes by which optical and electrical energies are transduced are at the heart of many modern technologies such as solar cells, light emitting diodes, photodetectors, imaging systems and displays. The basic functional element of these ‘opto-electrical’ devices are semiconductors, and the und...

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Published: Swansea 2021
Institution: Swansea University
Degree level: Doctoral
Degree name: Ph.D
Supervisor: Meredith, Paul ; Armin, Ardalan
URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa58767
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first_indexed 2021-11-24T13:01:23Z
last_indexed 2021-11-25T04:18:06Z
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spelling 2021-11-24T13:17:18.6611878 v2 58767 2021-11-24 Opto-Electrical Interactions in Next Generation Semiconductor Thin Films and Devices 11d2349f8371797a8c2f316b125c7b5b ROBIN KERREMANS ROBIN KERREMANS true false 2021-11-24 The processes by which optical and electrical energies are transduced are at the heart of many modern technologies such as solar cells, light emitting diodes, photodetectors, imaging systems and displays. The basic functional element of these ‘opto-electrical’ devices are semiconductors, and the underpinning physics of how they transduce light and electricity is well understood for conventional inorganic materials such as silicon and gallium arsenide. However, new semiconductors such as the organics and the organohalide perovskites present additional opto-electrical questions and challenges since they are molecular solids with varying degrees of disorder and crystallinity. The work described in this thesis addresses these new questions and challenges, particularly in relation to how existing solid-state physics concepts must be adapted to reliably predict and model material-and-device-level structure-property relationships and performance. Two basic technology platforms are examined in detail – solar cells and light emitting diodes, with particular reference to so-called reciprocity. A second focus of the discussion is accurate determination of optical constants for these new semiconductors – a challenging endeavour due to factors such as morphological heterogeneity. Transfer matrix and drift diffusion formalisms are relied heavily upon to model, simulate and explain multi-layer device performance, and ellipsometry and spectrophotometry are utilised as the primary analysis and characterisation methodologies. A new approach to optical constant determination is presented and validated, as is an adapted reciprocity framework for the linking of absorption, emission and charge transfer state characterisation in the presence of cavity interference. Several ‘difficult’ solar cell systems are analysed in detail – in particular the previously mysterious working principles of the so-called carbon-stack perovskite system are elucidated for the first time. These findings explain how an electrically non-selective contact can still function as an effective photovoltaic electrode dependent upon the local minority and majority carrier concentration profile. The research described herein advances our understanding of next generation semiconductor opto-electrical physics and provides more practical means for the community to analyse optical constants. E-Thesis Swansea Opto-electronics, solar cells, transfer matrix 24 11 2021 2021-11-24 10.23889/SUthesis.58767 COLLEGE NANME COLLEGE CODE Swansea University Meredith, Paul ; Armin, Ardalan Doctoral Ph.D EPSRC DTP 2021-11-24T13:17:18.6611878 2021-11-24T12:57:26.9039339 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Physics ROBIN KERREMANS 1 58767__21668__5b638d40a7a2429e967e4ea697e38a4d.pdf Kerremans_Robin_PhD_Thesis_Final_Redacted_Signature.pdf 2021-11-24T13:06:48.0550658 Output 5908986 application/pdf E-Thesis – open access true Copyright: The author, Robin Kerremans, 2021. true eng
title Opto-Electrical Interactions in Next Generation Semiconductor Thin Films and Devices
spellingShingle Opto-Electrical Interactions in Next Generation Semiconductor Thin Films and Devices
ROBIN KERREMANS
title_short Opto-Electrical Interactions in Next Generation Semiconductor Thin Films and Devices
title_full Opto-Electrical Interactions in Next Generation Semiconductor Thin Films and Devices
title_fullStr Opto-Electrical Interactions in Next Generation Semiconductor Thin Films and Devices
title_full_unstemmed Opto-Electrical Interactions in Next Generation Semiconductor Thin Films and Devices
title_sort Opto-Electrical Interactions in Next Generation Semiconductor Thin Films and Devices
author_id_str_mv 11d2349f8371797a8c2f316b125c7b5b
author_id_fullname_str_mv 11d2349f8371797a8c2f316b125c7b5b_***_ROBIN KERREMANS
author ROBIN KERREMANS
author2 ROBIN KERREMANS
format E-Thesis
publishDate 2021
institution Swansea University
doi_str_mv 10.23889/SUthesis.58767
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Physics{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Physics
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description The processes by which optical and electrical energies are transduced are at the heart of many modern technologies such as solar cells, light emitting diodes, photodetectors, imaging systems and displays. The basic functional element of these ‘opto-electrical’ devices are semiconductors, and the underpinning physics of how they transduce light and electricity is well understood for conventional inorganic materials such as silicon and gallium arsenide. However, new semiconductors such as the organics and the organohalide perovskites present additional opto-electrical questions and challenges since they are molecular solids with varying degrees of disorder and crystallinity. The work described in this thesis addresses these new questions and challenges, particularly in relation to how existing solid-state physics concepts must be adapted to reliably predict and model material-and-device-level structure-property relationships and performance. Two basic technology platforms are examined in detail – solar cells and light emitting diodes, with particular reference to so-called reciprocity. A second focus of the discussion is accurate determination of optical constants for these new semiconductors – a challenging endeavour due to factors such as morphological heterogeneity. Transfer matrix and drift diffusion formalisms are relied heavily upon to model, simulate and explain multi-layer device performance, and ellipsometry and spectrophotometry are utilised as the primary analysis and characterisation methodologies. A new approach to optical constant determination is presented and validated, as is an adapted reciprocity framework for the linking of absorption, emission and charge transfer state characterisation in the presence of cavity interference. Several ‘difficult’ solar cell systems are analysed in detail – in particular the previously mysterious working principles of the so-called carbon-stack perovskite system are elucidated for the first time. These findings explain how an electrically non-selective contact can still function as an effective photovoltaic electrode dependent upon the local minority and majority carrier concentration profile. The research described herein advances our understanding of next generation semiconductor opto-electrical physics and provides more practical means for the community to analyse optical constants.
published_date 2021-11-24T04:15:34Z
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score 11.036531

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