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Corticospinal and peripheral responses to heat-induced hypo-hydration: potential physiological mechanisms and implications for neuromuscular function

Nasir Uddin Orcid Logo, Jamie Tallent Orcid Logo, Stephen D. Patterson Orcid Logo, Stuart Goodall Orcid Logo, Mark Waldron Orcid Logo

European Journal of Applied Physiology, Volume: 122, Issue: 8, Pages: 1797 - 1810

Swansea University Author: Mark Waldron Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1007/s00421-022-04937-z

Abstract

Heat-induced hypo-hydration (hyperosmotic hypovolemia) can reduce prolonged skeletal muscle performance; however, the mechanisms are less well understood and the reported effects on all aspects of neuromuscular function and brief maximal contractions are inconsistent. Historically, a 4 - 6% reductio...

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Published in: European Journal of Applied Physiology
ISSN: 1439-6319 1439-6327
Published: Springer Science and Business Media LLC 2022
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa59634
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Historically, a 4 - 6% reduction of body mass has not been considered to impair muscle function in humans, as determined by muscle torque, membrane excitability and peak power production. With the development of magnetic resonance imaging and neurophysiological techniques, such as electromyography, peripheral nerve, and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), the integrity of the brain-to-muscle pathway can be further investigated. The findings of this review demonstrate that heat-induced hypo-hydration impairs neuromuscular function, particularly during repeated and sustained contractions. Additionally, the mechanisms are separate to those of hyperthermia-induced fatigue and are likely a result of modulations to corticospinal inhibition, increased fibre conduction velocity, pain perception and impaired contractile function. This review also sheds light on the view that hypo-hydration has &#x2018;no effect&#x2019; on neuromuscular function during brief maximal voluntary contractions. It is hypothesised that irrespective of unchanged force, compensatory reductions in cortical inhibition are likely to occur, in the attempt of achieving adequate force production. Studies using single-pulse TMS have shown that hypo-hydration can reduce maximal isometric and eccentric force, despite a reduction in cortical inhibition, but the cause of this is currently unclear. 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spelling 2023-01-19T12:58:58.5507205 v2 59634 2022-03-16 Corticospinal and peripheral responses to heat-induced hypo-hydration: potential physiological mechanisms and implications for neuromuscular function 70db7c6c54d46f5e70b39e5ae0a056fa 0000-0002-2720-4615 Mark Waldron Mark Waldron true false 2022-03-16 STSC Heat-induced hypo-hydration (hyperosmotic hypovolemia) can reduce prolonged skeletal muscle performance; however, the mechanisms are less well understood and the reported effects on all aspects of neuromuscular function and brief maximal contractions are inconsistent. Historically, a 4 - 6% reduction of body mass has not been considered to impair muscle function in humans, as determined by muscle torque, membrane excitability and peak power production. With the development of magnetic resonance imaging and neurophysiological techniques, such as electromyography, peripheral nerve, and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), the integrity of the brain-to-muscle pathway can be further investigated. The findings of this review demonstrate that heat-induced hypo-hydration impairs neuromuscular function, particularly during repeated and sustained contractions. Additionally, the mechanisms are separate to those of hyperthermia-induced fatigue and are likely a result of modulations to corticospinal inhibition, increased fibre conduction velocity, pain perception and impaired contractile function. This review also sheds light on the view that hypo-hydration has ‘no effect’ on neuromuscular function during brief maximal voluntary contractions. It is hypothesised that irrespective of unchanged force, compensatory reductions in cortical inhibition are likely to occur, in the attempt of achieving adequate force production. Studies using single-pulse TMS have shown that hypo-hydration can reduce maximal isometric and eccentric force, despite a reduction in cortical inhibition, but the cause of this is currently unclear. Future work should investigate the intracortical inhibitory and excitatory pathways within the brain, to elucidate the role of the central nervous system in force output, following heat-induced hypo-hydration. Journal Article European Journal of Applied Physiology 122 8 1797 1810 Springer Science and Business Media LLC 1439-6319 1439-6327 Dehydration, Electromyography, Fatigue, Hyperthermia, Transcranial magnetic stimulation 1 8 2022 2022-08-01 10.1007/s00421-022-04937-z COLLEGE NANME Sport and Exercise Sciences COLLEGE CODE STSC Swansea University SU Library paid the OA fee (TA Institutional Deal) 2023-01-19T12:58:58.5507205 2022-03-16T10:08:21.0192433 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Sport and Exercise Sciences Nasir Uddin 0000-0003-0944-7303 1 Jamie Tallent 0000-0002-4354-9912 2 Stephen D. Patterson 0000-0003-4667-9939 3 Stuart Goodall 0000-0001-9029-2171 4 Mark Waldron 0000-0002-2720-4615 5 59634__23994__33ccde85e1424f968e8cdc75d1881c76.pdf 59634.VOR.pdf 2022-05-05T15:57:32.3529797 Output 1277901 application/pdf Version of Record true This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY). true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title Corticospinal and peripheral responses to heat-induced hypo-hydration: potential physiological mechanisms and implications for neuromuscular function
spellingShingle Corticospinal and peripheral responses to heat-induced hypo-hydration: potential physiological mechanisms and implications for neuromuscular function
Mark Waldron
title_short Corticospinal and peripheral responses to heat-induced hypo-hydration: potential physiological mechanisms and implications for neuromuscular function
title_full Corticospinal and peripheral responses to heat-induced hypo-hydration: potential physiological mechanisms and implications for neuromuscular function
title_fullStr Corticospinal and peripheral responses to heat-induced hypo-hydration: potential physiological mechanisms and implications for neuromuscular function
title_full_unstemmed Corticospinal and peripheral responses to heat-induced hypo-hydration: potential physiological mechanisms and implications for neuromuscular function
title_sort Corticospinal and peripheral responses to heat-induced hypo-hydration: potential physiological mechanisms and implications for neuromuscular function
author_id_str_mv 70db7c6c54d46f5e70b39e5ae0a056fa
author_id_fullname_str_mv 70db7c6c54d46f5e70b39e5ae0a056fa_***_Mark Waldron
author Mark Waldron
author2 Nasir Uddin
Jamie Tallent
Stephen D. Patterson
Stuart Goodall
Mark Waldron
format Journal article
container_title European Journal of Applied Physiology
container_volume 122
container_issue 8
container_start_page 1797
publishDate 2022
institution Swansea University
issn 1439-6319
1439-6327
doi_str_mv 10.1007/s00421-022-04937-z
publisher Springer Science and Business Media LLC
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
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hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Sport and Exercise Sciences{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Sport and Exercise Sciences
document_store_str 1
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description Heat-induced hypo-hydration (hyperosmotic hypovolemia) can reduce prolonged skeletal muscle performance; however, the mechanisms are less well understood and the reported effects on all aspects of neuromuscular function and brief maximal contractions are inconsistent. Historically, a 4 - 6% reduction of body mass has not been considered to impair muscle function in humans, as determined by muscle torque, membrane excitability and peak power production. With the development of magnetic resonance imaging and neurophysiological techniques, such as electromyography, peripheral nerve, and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), the integrity of the brain-to-muscle pathway can be further investigated. The findings of this review demonstrate that heat-induced hypo-hydration impairs neuromuscular function, particularly during repeated and sustained contractions. Additionally, the mechanisms are separate to those of hyperthermia-induced fatigue and are likely a result of modulations to corticospinal inhibition, increased fibre conduction velocity, pain perception and impaired contractile function. This review also sheds light on the view that hypo-hydration has ‘no effect’ on neuromuscular function during brief maximal voluntary contractions. It is hypothesised that irrespective of unchanged force, compensatory reductions in cortical inhibition are likely to occur, in the attempt of achieving adequate force production. Studies using single-pulse TMS have shown that hypo-hydration can reduce maximal isometric and eccentric force, despite a reduction in cortical inhibition, but the cause of this is currently unclear. Future work should investigate the intracortical inhibitory and excitatory pathways within the brain, to elucidate the role of the central nervous system in force output, following heat-induced hypo-hydration.
published_date 2022-08-01T04:17:06Z
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