Journal article 459 views 69 downloads
Spatial heterogeneity of soil carbon exchanges and their drivers in a boreal forest
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Natascha Kljun
Science of The Total Environment, Volume: 831, Start page: 154876
Swansea University Author:
Bernd Kulessa
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DOI (Published version): 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154876
Abstract
Boreal forests have a large impact on the global greenhouse gas balance and their soils constitute an important carbon (C) reservoir. Mature boreal forests are typically a net CO2 sink, but there are also examples of boreal forests that are persistent CO2 sources. The reasons remain often unknown, p...
| Published in: | Science of The Total Environment |
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| ISSN: | 0048-9697 |
| Published: |
Elsevier BV
2022
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| Online Access: |
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| URI: | https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa60021 |
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| Abstract: |
Boreal forests have a large impact on the global greenhouse gas balance and their soils constitute an important carbon (C) reservoir. Mature boreal forests are typically a net CO2 sink, but there are also examples of boreal forests that are persistent CO2 sources. The reasons remain often unknown, presumably due to a lack of understanding of how biotic and abiotic drivers interact to determine the microbial respiration of soil organic matter (SOM). This study aimed at identifying the main drivers of microbial SOM respiration and CO2 and CH4 soil chamber-fluxes within dry and wet sampling areas at the mature boreal forest of Norunda, Sweden, a persistent net CO2 source. The spatial heterogeneity of the drivers was assessed with a geostatistical approach combined with stepwise multiple regression. We found that heterotrophic soil respiration increased with SOM content and nitrogen (N) availability, while the SOM reactivity, i.e., SOM specific respiration, was determined by soil moisture and N availability. The latter suggests that microbial activity was N rather than C limited and that microbial N mining might be driving old-SOM decomposition, which was observed through a positive correlation between soil respiration and its δ13C values. SOM specific heterotrophic respiration was lower in wet than in dry areas, while no such dependencies were found for chamber-based soil CO2 fluxes, implying that oxygen depletion resulted in lower SOM reactivity. The chamber-based soil CH4 flux differed significantly between the wet and dry areas. In the wet area, we observed net CH4 emission that was positively related to soil moisture and NH4+-N content. Taken together, our findings suggest that N availability has a strong regulatory effect on soil CO2 and CH4 emissions at Norunda, and that microbial decomposition of old-SOM to release bioavailable N might be partly responsible for the net CO2 emission at the site. |
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| Keywords: |
Carbon dioxide and methane flux; Geostatistics; Microbial respiration; Nutrients; Soil organic matter; Spatial heterogeneity |
| College: |
Faculty of Science and Engineering |
| Funders: |
This project has been funded by Swedish Research Council FORMAS, Future pathways, Area 2, Grant 2018-01781. The Norunda research station is part of the ICOS (Integrated C Observation System), a European Research Infrastructure, and received funding by the Swedish Research Council VR, Grant 2019-00205. Airborne LiDAR for the Norunda site was acquired by Natascha Kljun with support from the British Natural Environment Research Council (NERC/ARSF/FSF grant EU10-01 and NERC/GEF grant 933), in collaboration with Laura Chasmer and Chris Hopkinson (University of Lethbridge) |
| Start Page: |
154876 |