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Individual differences in adaptability to shiftwork : an exploration of models of shiftwork tolerance / JOANNE HILL

Swansea University Author: JOANNE HILL

DOI (Published version): 10.23889/SUthesis.60187

Abstract

In order to refine models of shiftwork tolerance, the purported relationships between outcomes and modifiers of the adaptation process were explored. A series of empirical studies amongst shiftworkers, across a variety of work patterns and industries, examined the efficacy of demographic, circadian,...

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Published: Swansea 2002
Institution: Swansea University
Degree level: Doctoral
Degree name: Ph.D
URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa60187
Abstract: In order to refine models of shiftwork tolerance, the purported relationships between outcomes and modifiers of the adaptation process were explored. A series of empirical studies amongst shiftworkers, across a variety of work patterns and industries, examined the efficacy of demographic, circadian, personality and work-related variables as predictors of shiftwork tolerance. Trends were shown to be attenuated by shift type, industry type and length of exposure to the shift system.Using a phenomenological approach, Study 1 conducted a series of semi-structured interviews, investigating the aetiology and management of effects through the eyes of shiftworkers themselves. Analysis of recurrent themes supported established trends in the literature and showed some fit with a number of models, highlighting both outcome, and to a lesser extent, modifier variables. New relationships were also identified. Study 2 used this information to design a questionnaire for the collection of more objective data from the same site. Outcomes were capable of being meaningfully reduced into major problem domains. The number and predictive validity of modifiers varied according to the outcome under investigation, with similarities emerging between outcomes that correlated strongly with one another. Using the same approach, Study 3 examined the effect of the type of shift worked. Extent of problems and patterns of prediction showed a strong shift-dependent effect, with reliable trends emerging between those groups involved in nightwork and those not. Study’s 4 and 5 explored the effect of short- (5 weeks) and long-term (12 months) exposure. Longer exposure benefited certain attitude measures and enabled better adjustment of psychological health and sleep quality. Social and domestic disruption and physical health were affected to a similar degree in both studies and therefore, did not benefit from greater exposure. Despite predictive relationships being stronger at follow-up, they were inconsistent over time, suggesting that such interactions are an evolving process.Regardless of the shift type, industry type or length of exposure, attitudes toward shiftwork were most strongly predicted by work-related modifiers, health outcomes by circadian/personality modifiers, and sleep duration by demographic modifiers, suggesting that specific domains are differentially mediated.
College: Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences

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