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The impact of glycaemic load on cognitive performance: A meta-analysis and guiding principles for future research

Chantelle Gaylor, David Benton, Anthony Brennan Orcid Logo, Hayley Young

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Volume: 141, Start page: 104824

Swansea University Authors: Chantelle Gaylor, David Benton, Anthony Brennan Orcid Logo, Hayley Young

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DOI (Published version): 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104824

Abstract

The effect of breakfast glycaemic load (GL) on cognition was systematically examined. Randomised and non-randomised controlled trials were identified using PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library (up to May 2022). 15 studies involving adults (aged 20 – 80 years) were included. Studies had a low risk, o...

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Published in: Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews
ISSN: 0149-7634
Published: Elsevier BV 2022
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa61157
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spelling 2022-10-27T12:33:38.0274191 v2 61157 2022-09-07 The impact of glycaemic load on cognitive performance: A meta-analysis and guiding principles for future research ff9dac48eaa04419b8944895854ae5f0 Chantelle Gaylor Chantelle Gaylor true false 7845ee79286c74b7939198c94e9e16ff David Benton David Benton true false c95545e4de40c0bef53dbfaf69fb19de 0000-0001-6084-4086 Anthony Brennan Anthony Brennan true false 22748f1a953255d63cb6ab9a98c11d70 Hayley Young Hayley Young true false 2022-09-07 HPS The effect of breakfast glycaemic load (GL) on cognition was systematically examined. Randomised and non-randomised controlled trials were identified using PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library (up to May 2022). 15 studies involving adults (aged 20 – 80 years) were included. Studies had a low risk, or some concerns, of bias. A random-effects meta-analysis model revealed no effect of GL on cognition up to 119 min post-consumption. However, after 120 min, immediate episodic memory scores were better following a low-GL compared to a high-GL (SMD = 0.16, 95% confidence interval [CI] = −0.00 to 0.32, p = 0.05, I2 = 5%). Subgroup analyses indicated that the benefit was greater in younger adults (<35 years) and those with better GT. A qualitative synthesis of 16 studies involving children and adolescents (aged 5 – 17 years) suggested that a low-GL breakfast may also benefit episodic memory and attention after 120 min. Methodological practises were identified which could explain a failure to detect benefits in some studies. Consequently, guiding principles were developed to optimise future study design. Journal Article Neuroscience &amp; Biobehavioral Reviews 141 104824 Elsevier BV 0149-7634 Breakfast; Episodic memory; Glycaemic load; Cognitive performance; Meta-analysis; Adults; Children; Adolescents 1 10 2022 2022-10-01 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104824 COLLEGE NANME Psychology COLLEGE CODE HPS Swansea University SU Library paid the OA fee (TA Institutional Deal) Swansea University 2022-10-27T12:33:38.0274191 2022-09-07T14:37:00.7214592 Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences School of Psychology Chantelle Gaylor 1 David Benton 2 Anthony Brennan 0000-0001-6084-4086 3 Hayley Young 4 61157__25090__6a452905f44042a8a27f788aa4d11265.pdf 61157_VoR.pdf 2022-09-07T14:42:42.5246893 Output 8103748 application/pdf Version of Record true Copyright 2022 The Author(s). This is an open access article under the CC BY license true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title The impact of glycaemic load on cognitive performance: A meta-analysis and guiding principles for future research
spellingShingle The impact of glycaemic load on cognitive performance: A meta-analysis and guiding principles for future research
Chantelle Gaylor
David Benton
Anthony Brennan
Hayley Young
title_short The impact of glycaemic load on cognitive performance: A meta-analysis and guiding principles for future research
title_full The impact of glycaemic load on cognitive performance: A meta-analysis and guiding principles for future research
title_fullStr The impact of glycaemic load on cognitive performance: A meta-analysis and guiding principles for future research
title_full_unstemmed The impact of glycaemic load on cognitive performance: A meta-analysis and guiding principles for future research
title_sort The impact of glycaemic load on cognitive performance: A meta-analysis and guiding principles for future research
author_id_str_mv ff9dac48eaa04419b8944895854ae5f0
7845ee79286c74b7939198c94e9e16ff
c95545e4de40c0bef53dbfaf69fb19de
22748f1a953255d63cb6ab9a98c11d70
author_id_fullname_str_mv ff9dac48eaa04419b8944895854ae5f0_***_Chantelle Gaylor
7845ee79286c74b7939198c94e9e16ff_***_David Benton
c95545e4de40c0bef53dbfaf69fb19de_***_Anthony Brennan
22748f1a953255d63cb6ab9a98c11d70_***_Hayley Young
author Chantelle Gaylor
David Benton
Anthony Brennan
Hayley Young
author2 Chantelle Gaylor
David Benton
Anthony Brennan
Hayley Young
format Journal article
container_title Neuroscience &amp; Biobehavioral Reviews
container_volume 141
container_start_page 104824
publishDate 2022
institution Swansea University
issn 0149-7634
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104824
publisher Elsevier BV
college_str Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
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hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
department_str School of Psychology{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences{{{_:::_}}}School of Psychology
document_store_str 1
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description The effect of breakfast glycaemic load (GL) on cognition was systematically examined. Randomised and non-randomised controlled trials were identified using PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library (up to May 2022). 15 studies involving adults (aged 20 – 80 years) were included. Studies had a low risk, or some concerns, of bias. A random-effects meta-analysis model revealed no effect of GL on cognition up to 119 min post-consumption. However, after 120 min, immediate episodic memory scores were better following a low-GL compared to a high-GL (SMD = 0.16, 95% confidence interval [CI] = −0.00 to 0.32, p = 0.05, I2 = 5%). Subgroup analyses indicated that the benefit was greater in younger adults (<35 years) and those with better GT. A qualitative synthesis of 16 studies involving children and adolescents (aged 5 – 17 years) suggested that a low-GL breakfast may also benefit episodic memory and attention after 120 min. Methodological practises were identified which could explain a failure to detect benefits in some studies. Consequently, guiding principles were developed to optimise future study design.
published_date 2022-10-01T04:19:47Z
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