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Physico-chemical properties of waste derived biochar from community scale faecal sludge treatment plants
Gates Open Research, Volume: 6, Start page: 96
Swansea University Authors:
Ian Mabbett , Iain Robertson
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© 2022 Nicholas HL et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License
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DOI (Published version): 10.12688/gatesopenres.13727.1
Abstract
Background: The dumping of untreated faecal sludge from non-sewered onsite sanitation facilities causes environmental pollution and exacerbates poor public health outcomes across developing nations. Long-term mechanisms to treat faecal sludge generated from these facilities are needed to resolve the...
Published in: | Gates Open Research |
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ISSN: | 2572-4754 |
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F1000 Research Ltd
2022
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<?xml version="1.0"?><rfc1807><datestamp>2022-10-20T14:25:46.9974587</datestamp><bib-version>v2</bib-version><id>61506</id><entry>2022-10-10</entry><title>Physico-chemical properties of waste derived biochar from community scale faecal sludge treatment plants</title><swanseaauthors><author><sid>5363e29b6a34d3e72b5d31140c9b51f0</sid><ORCID>0000-0003-2959-1716</ORCID><firstname>Ian</firstname><surname>Mabbett</surname><name>Ian Mabbett</name><active>true</active><ethesisStudent>false</ethesisStudent></author><author><sid>ef8912c57e0140e9ecb2a69b7e34467e</sid><ORCID>0000-0001-7174-4523</ORCID><firstname>Iain</firstname><surname>Robertson</surname><name>Iain Robertson</name><active>true</active><ethesisStudent>false</ethesisStudent></author></swanseaauthors><date>2022-10-10</date><deptcode>CHEM</deptcode><abstract>Background: The dumping of untreated faecal sludge from non-sewered onsite sanitation facilities causes environmental pollution and exacerbates poor public health outcomes across developing nations. Long-term mechanisms to treat faecal sludge generated from these facilities are needed to resolve the global sanitation crisis and realize the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 6 “ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all” by 2030. Pyrolysis of faecal sludge removes pathogens and generates biochar, which can be used as a soil enhancer.Methods: The properties of faecal sludge biochars from three full-scale treatment plants in India were determined via Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, crystal x-ray diffraction (XRD), proximate analyses, and BET surface area porosimetry.Results: Results showed that all three biochars had low specific surface area, high alkaline pH values, high ash content, and negative surface charge. Fourier transform infrared spectra showed the same surface functional groups present in each biochar. X-ray diffraction analysis showed the mineral composition of each biochar differed slightly. Scanning electron microscopy analysis indicated a porous structure of each biochar with ash particles evident.Conclusions: Slight differences in the ash content, surface area, pH and mineral content was observed between the three biochars.</abstract><type>Journal Article</type><journal>Gates Open Research</journal><volume>6</volume><journalNumber/><paginationStart>96</paginationStart><paginationEnd/><publisher>F1000 Research Ltd</publisher><placeOfPublication/><isbnPrint/><isbnElectronic/><issnPrint/><issnElectronic>2572-4754</issnElectronic><keywords>Biochar, Faecal Sludge, Fecal, Characterization, Properties, Pyrolysis, Sanitation</keywords><publishedDay>4</publishedDay><publishedMonth>8</publishedMonth><publishedYear>2022</publishedYear><publishedDate>2022-08-04</publishedDate><doi>10.12688/gatesopenres.13727.1</doi><url/><notes/><college>COLLEGE NANME</college><department>Chemistry</department><CollegeCode>COLLEGE CODE</CollegeCode><DepartmentCode>CHEM</DepartmentCode><institution>Swansea University</institution><apcterm/><funders>The authors thank the staff of Tide Technocrats Ltd. for the
supply of biochar, Tom Dunlop (Swansea University), Mariolino
Carta (Swansea University), Gabriel Sigmund (University of
Vienna) and Maria Santiso Taboada (University of Santiago de
Compostela). XRD and SEM analysis assistance provided by
Swansea University College of Engineering AIM facility, which
is funded in part by the EPSRC (EP/M028267/1), the European
Regional Development Fund through the Welsh Government
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2022-10-20T14:25:46.9974587 v2 61506 2022-10-10 Physico-chemical properties of waste derived biochar from community scale faecal sludge treatment plants 5363e29b6a34d3e72b5d31140c9b51f0 0000-0003-2959-1716 Ian Mabbett Ian Mabbett true false ef8912c57e0140e9ecb2a69b7e34467e 0000-0001-7174-4523 Iain Robertson Iain Robertson true false 2022-10-10 CHEM Background: The dumping of untreated faecal sludge from non-sewered onsite sanitation facilities causes environmental pollution and exacerbates poor public health outcomes across developing nations. Long-term mechanisms to treat faecal sludge generated from these facilities are needed to resolve the global sanitation crisis and realize the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 6 “ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all” by 2030. Pyrolysis of faecal sludge removes pathogens and generates biochar, which can be used as a soil enhancer.Methods: The properties of faecal sludge biochars from three full-scale treatment plants in India were determined via Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, crystal x-ray diffraction (XRD), proximate analyses, and BET surface area porosimetry.Results: Results showed that all three biochars had low specific surface area, high alkaline pH values, high ash content, and negative surface charge. Fourier transform infrared spectra showed the same surface functional groups present in each biochar. X-ray diffraction analysis showed the mineral composition of each biochar differed slightly. Scanning electron microscopy analysis indicated a porous structure of each biochar with ash particles evident.Conclusions: Slight differences in the ash content, surface area, pH and mineral content was observed between the three biochars. Journal Article Gates Open Research 6 96 F1000 Research Ltd 2572-4754 Biochar, Faecal Sludge, Fecal, Characterization, Properties, Pyrolysis, Sanitation 4 8 2022 2022-08-04 10.12688/gatesopenres.13727.1 COLLEGE NANME Chemistry COLLEGE CODE CHEM Swansea University The authors thank the staff of Tide Technocrats Ltd. for the supply of biochar, Tom Dunlop (Swansea University), Mariolino Carta (Swansea University), Gabriel Sigmund (University of Vienna) and Maria Santiso Taboada (University of Santiago de Compostela). XRD and SEM analysis assistance provided by Swansea University College of Engineering AIM facility, which is funded in part by the EPSRC (EP/M028267/1), the European Regional Development Fund through the Welsh Government (80708) and Ser Solar project via Welsh Government. 2022-10-20T14:25:46.9974587 2022-10-10T16:07:07.0349287 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Uncategorised Hannah Larissa Nicholas 0000-0002-2710-6070 1 Ian Mabbett 0000-0003-2959-1716 2 Henry Apsey 0000-0001-6095-7646 3 Iain Robertson 0000-0001-7174-4523 4 61506__25531__c811846d1dcb41c2a46a1a3063a712a0.pdf 61506_VoR.pdf 2022-10-20T14:24:31.7411291 Output 1343107 application/pdf Version of Record true © 2022 Nicholas HL et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
title |
Physico-chemical properties of waste derived biochar from community scale faecal sludge treatment plants |
spellingShingle |
Physico-chemical properties of waste derived biochar from community scale faecal sludge treatment plants Ian Mabbett Iain Robertson |
title_short |
Physico-chemical properties of waste derived biochar from community scale faecal sludge treatment plants |
title_full |
Physico-chemical properties of waste derived biochar from community scale faecal sludge treatment plants |
title_fullStr |
Physico-chemical properties of waste derived biochar from community scale faecal sludge treatment plants |
title_full_unstemmed |
Physico-chemical properties of waste derived biochar from community scale faecal sludge treatment plants |
title_sort |
Physico-chemical properties of waste derived biochar from community scale faecal sludge treatment plants |
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5363e29b6a34d3e72b5d31140c9b51f0 ef8912c57e0140e9ecb2a69b7e34467e |
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5363e29b6a34d3e72b5d31140c9b51f0_***_Ian Mabbett ef8912c57e0140e9ecb2a69b7e34467e_***_Iain Robertson |
author |
Ian Mabbett Iain Robertson |
author2 |
Hannah Larissa Nicholas Ian Mabbett Henry Apsey Iain Robertson |
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Gates Open Research |
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6 |
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Swansea University |
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2572-4754 |
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10.12688/gatesopenres.13727.1 |
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F1000 Research Ltd |
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School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Uncategorised{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Uncategorised |
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Background: The dumping of untreated faecal sludge from non-sewered onsite sanitation facilities causes environmental pollution and exacerbates poor public health outcomes across developing nations. Long-term mechanisms to treat faecal sludge generated from these facilities are needed to resolve the global sanitation crisis and realize the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 6 “ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all” by 2030. Pyrolysis of faecal sludge removes pathogens and generates biochar, which can be used as a soil enhancer.Methods: The properties of faecal sludge biochars from three full-scale treatment plants in India were determined via Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, crystal x-ray diffraction (XRD), proximate analyses, and BET surface area porosimetry.Results: Results showed that all three biochars had low specific surface area, high alkaline pH values, high ash content, and negative surface charge. Fourier transform infrared spectra showed the same surface functional groups present in each biochar. X-ray diffraction analysis showed the mineral composition of each biochar differed slightly. Scanning electron microscopy analysis indicated a porous structure of each biochar with ash particles evident.Conclusions: Slight differences in the ash content, surface area, pH and mineral content was observed between the three biochars. |
published_date |
2022-08-04T04:20:22Z |
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1763754348520669184 |
score |
11.021648 |