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On the influence of time-dependent behaviour of elastomeric wave energy harvesting membranes using experimental and numerical modelling techniques

Ieuan Collins, Marco Contino Orcid Logo, Claudia Marano, Ian Masters Orcid Logo, Mokarram Hossain Orcid Logo

European Journal of Mechanics - A/Solids, Volume: 98, Start page: 104895

Swansea University Authors: Ieuan Collins, Ian Masters Orcid Logo, Mokarram Hossain Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1016/j.euromechsol.2022.104895

Abstract

The transient response of elastomeric polymers is dependent on polymer composition, temperature and the loading history. In particular, hysteresis, dissipation and creep are significant in the choice of material for elastomer membrane wave energy converters. Natural rubber is a good candidate when l...

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Published in: European Journal of Mechanics - A/Solids
ISSN: 0997-7538
Published: Elsevier BV 2023
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa62157
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In particular, hysteresis, dissipation and creep are significant in the choice of material for elastomer membrane wave energy converters. Natural rubber is a good candidate when looking for material for a wave energy harvester since it has an excellent stretchability, is almost resistant to the environment in which the harvester will be used and has good fatigue properties. The mechanical behaviour of the natural rubber used in this work has been deeply characterised: the material resulted to have a very little hysteretical behaviour (that is a very low energy dissipation during stretching) but also to show a strain-dependency, stress softening, and relaxation at constant stretch. Low dissipation represents the best case scenario for energy harvesting; in reality reinforcement of the material is required which adds to the dissipative behaviour. Afterwards, an extended finite strain viscoelastic constitutive model is proposed that is calibrated analytically to the experimental data to identify the relevant material parameters resulting in non-linear viscosity functions in the evolution equations of the constitutive model. The model was able to capture the minimal dissipation behaviour with good degrees of accuracy. Results are shown for a flexible membrane wave energy converter under creep and cyclic loading. A parametric study is made comparing the experimentally characterised polymer with different amounts of viscous dissipation. The response of the wave energy converter shows that even minimal amounts of dissipation manifests itself into changes in the pressure&#x2013;volume function and reduction in energy capture through hysteresis. 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spelling 2022-12-30T13:36:05.8154953 v2 62157 2022-12-12 On the influence of time-dependent behaviour of elastomeric wave energy harvesting membranes using experimental and numerical modelling techniques 768bbad9e350e020b65b2acf4c3363f7 Ieuan Collins Ieuan Collins true false 6fa19551092853928cde0e6d5fac48a1 0000-0001-7667-6670 Ian Masters Ian Masters true false 140f4aa5c5ec18ec173c8542a7fddafd 0000-0002-4616-1104 Mokarram Hossain Mokarram Hossain true false 2022-12-12 The transient response of elastomeric polymers is dependent on polymer composition, temperature and the loading history. In particular, hysteresis, dissipation and creep are significant in the choice of material for elastomer membrane wave energy converters. Natural rubber is a good candidate when looking for material for a wave energy harvester since it has an excellent stretchability, is almost resistant to the environment in which the harvester will be used and has good fatigue properties. The mechanical behaviour of the natural rubber used in this work has been deeply characterised: the material resulted to have a very little hysteretical behaviour (that is a very low energy dissipation during stretching) but also to show a strain-dependency, stress softening, and relaxation at constant stretch. Low dissipation represents the best case scenario for energy harvesting; in reality reinforcement of the material is required which adds to the dissipative behaviour. Afterwards, an extended finite strain viscoelastic constitutive model is proposed that is calibrated analytically to the experimental data to identify the relevant material parameters resulting in non-linear viscosity functions in the evolution equations of the constitutive model. The model was able to capture the minimal dissipation behaviour with good degrees of accuracy. Results are shown for a flexible membrane wave energy converter under creep and cyclic loading. A parametric study is made comparing the experimentally characterised polymer with different amounts of viscous dissipation. The response of the wave energy converter shows that even minimal amounts of dissipation manifests itself into changes in the pressure–volume function and reduction in energy capture through hysteresis. The new material model shows, for the first time, that the control of internal pressure in wave energy membranes must take into account transient material effects. Journal Article European Journal of Mechanics - A/Solids 98 104895 Elsevier BV 0997-7538 Natural rubbers; Material characterisation; Non-linear evolution equation; Finite strain viscoelasticity; Finite element modelling; Flexible wave energy converter (FlexWEC) 1 3 2023 2023-03-01 10.1016/j.euromechsol.2022.104895 COLLEGE NANME COLLEGE CODE Swansea University SU Library paid the OA fee (TA Institutional Deal) EPSRC (EP/S000747/1) 2022-12-30T13:36:05.8154953 2022-12-12T09:44:23.8027145 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Mechanical Engineering Ieuan Collins 1 Marco Contino 0000-0001-5617-3451 2 Claudia Marano 3 Ian Masters 0000-0001-7667-6670 4 Mokarram Hossain 0000-0002-4616-1104 5 62157__26142__d89fa182d03e43dda50da0b2b3d27916.pdf 62157.pdf 2022-12-30T13:34:52.6152703 Output 2843774 application/pdf Version of Record true © 2022 The Author(s). This is an open access article under the CC BY license true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title On the influence of time-dependent behaviour of elastomeric wave energy harvesting membranes using experimental and numerical modelling techniques
spellingShingle On the influence of time-dependent behaviour of elastomeric wave energy harvesting membranes using experimental and numerical modelling techniques
Ieuan Collins
Ian Masters
Mokarram Hossain
title_short On the influence of time-dependent behaviour of elastomeric wave energy harvesting membranes using experimental and numerical modelling techniques
title_full On the influence of time-dependent behaviour of elastomeric wave energy harvesting membranes using experimental and numerical modelling techniques
title_fullStr On the influence of time-dependent behaviour of elastomeric wave energy harvesting membranes using experimental and numerical modelling techniques
title_full_unstemmed On the influence of time-dependent behaviour of elastomeric wave energy harvesting membranes using experimental and numerical modelling techniques
title_sort On the influence of time-dependent behaviour of elastomeric wave energy harvesting membranes using experimental and numerical modelling techniques
author_id_str_mv 768bbad9e350e020b65b2acf4c3363f7
6fa19551092853928cde0e6d5fac48a1
140f4aa5c5ec18ec173c8542a7fddafd
author_id_fullname_str_mv 768bbad9e350e020b65b2acf4c3363f7_***_Ieuan Collins
6fa19551092853928cde0e6d5fac48a1_***_Ian Masters
140f4aa5c5ec18ec173c8542a7fddafd_***_Mokarram Hossain
author Ieuan Collins
Ian Masters
Mokarram Hossain
author2 Ieuan Collins
Marco Contino
Claudia Marano
Ian Masters
Mokarram Hossain
format Journal article
container_title European Journal of Mechanics - A/Solids
container_volume 98
container_start_page 104895
publishDate 2023
institution Swansea University
issn 0997-7538
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.euromechsol.2022.104895
publisher Elsevier BV
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
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hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Mechanical Engineering{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Mechanical Engineering
document_store_str 1
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description The transient response of elastomeric polymers is dependent on polymer composition, temperature and the loading history. In particular, hysteresis, dissipation and creep are significant in the choice of material for elastomer membrane wave energy converters. Natural rubber is a good candidate when looking for material for a wave energy harvester since it has an excellent stretchability, is almost resistant to the environment in which the harvester will be used and has good fatigue properties. The mechanical behaviour of the natural rubber used in this work has been deeply characterised: the material resulted to have a very little hysteretical behaviour (that is a very low energy dissipation during stretching) but also to show a strain-dependency, stress softening, and relaxation at constant stretch. Low dissipation represents the best case scenario for energy harvesting; in reality reinforcement of the material is required which adds to the dissipative behaviour. Afterwards, an extended finite strain viscoelastic constitutive model is proposed that is calibrated analytically to the experimental data to identify the relevant material parameters resulting in non-linear viscosity functions in the evolution equations of the constitutive model. The model was able to capture the minimal dissipation behaviour with good degrees of accuracy. Results are shown for a flexible membrane wave energy converter under creep and cyclic loading. A parametric study is made comparing the experimentally characterised polymer with different amounts of viscous dissipation. The response of the wave energy converter shows that even minimal amounts of dissipation manifests itself into changes in the pressure–volume function and reduction in energy capture through hysteresis. The new material model shows, for the first time, that the control of internal pressure in wave energy membranes must take into account transient material effects.
published_date 2023-03-01T14:19:07Z
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score 10.895724

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