Motor Competence between Children with and without Additional Learning Needs: A Cross-Sectional Population-Level Study

Richards, Amie; Barker, Harriet G.; Williams, Emily; Swindell, Nils; Mackintosh, Kelly; O., Richard P.; Griffiths, Lucy; Foweather, Lawrence; Stratton, Gareth

doi:10.3390/children10091537

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Motor Competence between Children with and without Additional Learning Needs: A Cross-Sectional Population-Level Study

Amie Richards

, Harriet G. Barker, Emily Williams, Nils Swindell, Kelly Mackintosh

, Richard P. O. Tyler

, Lucy Griffiths

, Lawrence Foweather

, Gareth Stratton

Children, Volume: 10, Issue: 9, Start page: 1537

Swansea University Authors: Amie Richards , Kelly Mackintosh , Richard P. O. Tyler , Lucy Griffiths , Gareth Stratton

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DOI (Published version): 10.3390/children10091537

Abstract

The aim of this study was to examine associations in motor competence between children with additional learning needs (ALN) and typically developing children. This cross-sectional study involved a nationally representative cohort of 4555 children (48.98% boys; 11.35 ± 0.65 years) from sixty-five sch...

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Published in:	Children
ISSN:	2227-9067
Published:	MDPI AG 2023
Online Access:	Check full text
URI:	https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa64519
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first_indexed	2023-09-13T09:44:20Z
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spelling	v2 64519 2023-09-13 Motor Competence between Children with and without Additional Learning Needs: A Cross-Sectional Population-Level Study 3ef2b4a7a697e3d98ad63e842e9c45cb 0000-0003-1634-656X Amie Richards Amie Richards true false bdb20e3f31bcccf95c7bc116070c4214 0000-0003-0355-6357 Kelly Mackintosh Kelly Mackintosh true false 209f4880cce841e273d7753f6af40e80 0000-0001-9756-5582 Richard P. O. Tyler Richard P. O. Tyler true true e35ea6ea4b429e812ef204b048131d93 0000-0001-9230-624X Lucy Griffiths Lucy Griffiths true false 6d62b2ed126961bed81a94a2beba8a01 0000-0001-5618-0803 Gareth Stratton Gareth Stratton true false 2023-09-13 STSC The aim of this study was to examine associations in motor competence between children with additional learning needs (ALN) and typically developing children. This cross-sectional study involved a nationally representative cohort of 4555 children (48.98% boys; 11.35 ± 0.65 years) from sixty-five schools across Wales (UK). Demographic data were collected from schools, and children were assessed using the Dragon Challenge assessment of motor competence, which consists of nine tasks completed in a timed circuit. A multi-nominal multi-level model with random intercept was fitted to explore the proficiency between children with ALN and those without. In all nine motor competence tasks, typically developing children demonstrated higher levels of proficiency than their peers with ALN, with these associations evident after accounting for age, sex, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. This study highlights motor competence inequalities at a population level and emphasises the need for policymakers, practitioners, and researchers to prioritise motor competence development, particularly for children with ALN. Journal Article Children 10 9 1537 MDPI AG 2227-9067 Motor competence; children; youth; special educational needs; SEND; additional learning needs; ALN; Dragon Challenge 11 9 2023 2023-09-11 10.3390/children10091537 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children10091537 COLLEGE NANME Sport and Exercise Sciences COLLEGE CODE STSC Swansea University A.B.R. has a Ph.D. scholarship from Knowledge Economy Skills Scholarships (KESS). It is a pan-Wales higher level skills initiative led by Bangor University on behalf of the HE sector in Wales. It is partly funded by the Welsh Government’s European Social Fund (ESF) convergence programme for West Wales and the Valleys, grant number c80815. 2023-10-04T13:31:17.6533504 2023-09-13T10:41:16.1567616 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Sport and Exercise Sciences Amie Richards 0000-0003-1634-656X 1 Harriet G. Barker 2 Emily Williams 3 Nils Swindell 4 Kelly Mackintosh 0000-0003-0355-6357 5 Richard P. O. Tyler 0000-0001-9756-5582 6 Lucy Griffiths 0000-0001-9230-624X 7 Lawrence Foweather 0000-0001-9851-5421 8 Gareth Stratton 0000-0001-5618-0803 9 64519__28523__25be41617d53477ba6290cc6ec58e750.pdf 64519.pdf 2023-09-13T10:43:41.5953411 Output 296573 application/pdf Version of Record true Copyright: © 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Distributed under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (CC BY 4.0). true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title	Motor Competence between Children with and without Additional Learning Needs: A Cross-Sectional Population-Level Study
spellingShingle	Motor Competence between Children with and without Additional Learning Needs: A Cross-Sectional Population-Level Study Amie Richards Kelly Mackintosh Richard P. O. Tyler Lucy Griffiths Gareth Stratton
title_short	Motor Competence between Children with and without Additional Learning Needs: A Cross-Sectional Population-Level Study
title_full	Motor Competence between Children with and without Additional Learning Needs: A Cross-Sectional Population-Level Study
title_fullStr	Motor Competence between Children with and without Additional Learning Needs: A Cross-Sectional Population-Level Study
title_full_unstemmed	Motor Competence between Children with and without Additional Learning Needs: A Cross-Sectional Population-Level Study
title_sort	Motor Competence between Children with and without Additional Learning Needs: A Cross-Sectional Population-Level Study
author_id_str_mv	3ef2b4a7a697e3d98ad63e842e9c45cb bdb20e3f31bcccf95c7bc116070c4214 209f4880cce841e273d7753f6af40e80 e35ea6ea4b429e812ef204b048131d93 6d62b2ed126961bed81a94a2beba8a01
author_id_fullname_str_mv	3ef2b4a7a697e3d98ad63e842e9c45cb_*_Amie Richards bdb20e3f31bcccf95c7bc116070c4214__Kelly Mackintosh 209f4880cce841e273d7753f6af40e80__Richard P. O. Tyler e35ea6ea4b429e812ef204b048131d93__Lucy Griffiths 6d62b2ed126961bed81a94a2beba8a01_**_Gareth Stratton
author	Amie Richards Kelly Mackintosh Richard P. O. Tyler Lucy Griffiths Gareth Stratton
author2	Amie Richards Harriet G. Barker Emily Williams Nils Swindell Kelly Mackintosh Richard P. O. Tyler Lucy Griffiths Lawrence Foweather Gareth Stratton
format	Journal article
container_title	Children
container_volume	10
container_issue	9
container_start_page	1537
publishDate	2023
institution	Swansea University
issn	2227-9067
doi_str_mv	10.3390/children10091537
publisher	MDPI AG
college_str	Faculty of Science and Engineering
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hierarchy_top_id	facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title	Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id	facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title	Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str	School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Sport and Exercise Sciences{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Sport and Exercise Sciences
url	http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children10091537
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description	The aim of this study was to examine associations in motor competence between children with additional learning needs (ALN) and typically developing children. This cross-sectional study involved a nationally representative cohort of 4555 children (48.98% boys; 11.35 ± 0.65 years) from sixty-five schools across Wales (UK). Demographic data were collected from schools, and children were assessed using the Dragon Challenge assessment of motor competence, which consists of nine tasks completed in a timed circuit. A multi-nominal multi-level model with random intercept was fitted to explore the proficiency between children with ALN and those without. In all nine motor competence tasks, typically developing children demonstrated higher levels of proficiency than their peers with ALN, with these associations evident after accounting for age, sex, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. This study highlights motor competence inequalities at a population level and emphasises the need for policymakers, practitioners, and researchers to prioritise motor competence development, particularly for children with ALN.
published_date	2023-09-11T13:31:19Z
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Motor Competence between Children with and without Additional Learning Needs: A Cross-Sectional Population-Level Study

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