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Novel Nanostructured Anodes For Green Energy Battery Storage / KATHLEEN MCGOON

Swansea University Author: KATHLEEN MCGOON

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Abstract

The quest to increase the lithium storage capacity of anodes in lithium-ion batteries is a prominent goal in battery research. The conventional graphitic Carbon-based anode material achieves a maximum capacity of 372 mAh g-1, limited by the stoichiometry of the lithiated state Lithium Carbide (LiC6)...

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Published: Swansea, Wales, UK 2023
Institution: Swansea University
Degree level: Master of Research
Degree name: MSc by Research
Supervisor: Palmer, Richard E.
URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa64948
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To overcome this limitation, Silicon anodes offer a theoretical storage capacity approximately ten times higher, albeit accompanied by a significant volume expansion issue. This study firstly explores various methods of fabricating composite materials as anodes, when combining Graphite and Silicon. The studies include the use of nano particle graphite as well as a physical method of nanoparticles deposition with a Matrix Assembly Clusters Source (MACS). The project was inspired by the ultimate prospect of employing cluster (nanoparticle) beam implantation techniques to embed small Silicon Nanoclusters, sized between 1-3 nm, into a porous carbon host. The utilization of such small Silicon particle sizes, embedded between Graphite particles, might possibly solve the volume expansion problem while retaining the benefit of additional storage density. Anodes were made using various graphites as reference active materials, both conventionally sized (D50 8.4 μm) and Graphite nano powder to aid homogenous dispersion, and with the addition of Silicon Nanoparticles. These were made into slurries with Carbon Black and binder and cast on to foil prior to assembly into half-cells with lithium metal. The reference anodes made using conventional graphite performed as expected, with specific capacities close to expected values. However, when using Nano Graphite, the morphology of the powder caused significant drying and processing issues, that made it difficult to reliably cast the anode, causing delamination and ultimately higher instances of cell failure and lower specific capacity. Integration of the Silicon nano powder gave some evidence of improved results, but data were inconsistent and hindered by processing issues and high instances cell failure. First demonstrative experiments utilising the MACS approach, which offers the advantage of integrating Silicon with larger Graphite particles, gave composite anodes that were able to be readily processed into an anode in the same way as conventional Graphite, without delamination or excessive cell failure. 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spelling v2 64948 2023-11-09 Novel Nanostructured Anodes For Green Energy Battery Storage ab562e1f134f4b8345db39d6feea1422 KATHLEEN MCGOON KATHLEEN MCGOON true false 2023-11-09 The quest to increase the lithium storage capacity of anodes in lithium-ion batteries is a prominent goal in battery research. The conventional graphitic Carbon-based anode material achieves a maximum capacity of 372 mAh g-1, limited by the stoichiometry of the lithiated state Lithium Carbide (LiC6). To overcome this limitation, Silicon anodes offer a theoretical storage capacity approximately ten times higher, albeit accompanied by a significant volume expansion issue. This study firstly explores various methods of fabricating composite materials as anodes, when combining Graphite and Silicon. The studies include the use of nano particle graphite as well as a physical method of nanoparticles deposition with a Matrix Assembly Clusters Source (MACS). The project was inspired by the ultimate prospect of employing cluster (nanoparticle) beam implantation techniques to embed small Silicon Nanoclusters, sized between 1-3 nm, into a porous carbon host. The utilization of such small Silicon particle sizes, embedded between Graphite particles, might possibly solve the volume expansion problem while retaining the benefit of additional storage density. Anodes were made using various graphites as reference active materials, both conventionally sized (D50 8.4 μm) and Graphite nano powder to aid homogenous dispersion, and with the addition of Silicon Nanoparticles. These were made into slurries with Carbon Black and binder and cast on to foil prior to assembly into half-cells with lithium metal. The reference anodes made using conventional graphite performed as expected, with specific capacities close to expected values. However, when using Nano Graphite, the morphology of the powder caused significant drying and processing issues, that made it difficult to reliably cast the anode, causing delamination and ultimately higher instances of cell failure and lower specific capacity. Integration of the Silicon nano powder gave some evidence of improved results, but data were inconsistent and hindered by processing issues and high instances cell failure. First demonstrative experiments utilising the MACS approach, which offers the advantage of integrating Silicon with larger Graphite particles, gave composite anodes that were able to be readily processed into an anode in the same way as conventional Graphite, without delamination or excessive cell failure. The resultant half-cells gave slightly higher capacity than reference Graphite cells, but more work is needed to develop and verify the processing to validate the extent of the Silicon coating on the Graphite and confirm its effect on capacity. E-Thesis Swansea, Wales, UK Battery Research, Nanomaterials, Anodes, Lithium-ion batteries, Silicon Carbon Nanocomposites 29 9 2023 2023-09-29 COLLEGE NANME COLLEGE CODE Swansea University Palmer, Richard E. Master of Research MSc by Research Johnson Matthey (EGE07515830) Johnson Matthey (EGE07515830) 2023-11-09T11:04:25.4035920 2023-11-09T10:50:04.0308605 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Materials Science and Engineering KATHLEEN MCGOON 1 64948__28980__05f7471dad434014850042849f891161.pdf 2023_McGoon-James_K.final.64948.pdf 2023-11-09T11:03:34.3458018 Output 3359164 application/pdf E-Thesis – open access true Copyright: The Author, Kayla McGoon-James, 2023. true eng
title Novel Nanostructured Anodes For Green Energy Battery Storage
spellingShingle Novel Nanostructured Anodes For Green Energy Battery Storage
KATHLEEN MCGOON
title_short Novel Nanostructured Anodes For Green Energy Battery Storage
title_full Novel Nanostructured Anodes For Green Energy Battery Storage
title_fullStr Novel Nanostructured Anodes For Green Energy Battery Storage
title_full_unstemmed Novel Nanostructured Anodes For Green Energy Battery Storage
title_sort Novel Nanostructured Anodes For Green Energy Battery Storage
author_id_str_mv ab562e1f134f4b8345db39d6feea1422
author_id_fullname_str_mv ab562e1f134f4b8345db39d6feea1422_***_KATHLEEN MCGOON
author KATHLEEN MCGOON
author2 KATHLEEN MCGOON
format E-Thesis
publishDate 2023
institution Swansea University
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Materials Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Materials Science and Engineering
document_store_str 1
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description The quest to increase the lithium storage capacity of anodes in lithium-ion batteries is a prominent goal in battery research. The conventional graphitic Carbon-based anode material achieves a maximum capacity of 372 mAh g-1, limited by the stoichiometry of the lithiated state Lithium Carbide (LiC6). To overcome this limitation, Silicon anodes offer a theoretical storage capacity approximately ten times higher, albeit accompanied by a significant volume expansion issue. This study firstly explores various methods of fabricating composite materials as anodes, when combining Graphite and Silicon. The studies include the use of nano particle graphite as well as a physical method of nanoparticles deposition with a Matrix Assembly Clusters Source (MACS). The project was inspired by the ultimate prospect of employing cluster (nanoparticle) beam implantation techniques to embed small Silicon Nanoclusters, sized between 1-3 nm, into a porous carbon host. The utilization of such small Silicon particle sizes, embedded between Graphite particles, might possibly solve the volume expansion problem while retaining the benefit of additional storage density. Anodes were made using various graphites as reference active materials, both conventionally sized (D50 8.4 μm) and Graphite nano powder to aid homogenous dispersion, and with the addition of Silicon Nanoparticles. These were made into slurries with Carbon Black and binder and cast on to foil prior to assembly into half-cells with lithium metal. The reference anodes made using conventional graphite performed as expected, with specific capacities close to expected values. However, when using Nano Graphite, the morphology of the powder caused significant drying and processing issues, that made it difficult to reliably cast the anode, causing delamination and ultimately higher instances of cell failure and lower specific capacity. Integration of the Silicon nano powder gave some evidence of improved results, but data were inconsistent and hindered by processing issues and high instances cell failure. First demonstrative experiments utilising the MACS approach, which offers the advantage of integrating Silicon with larger Graphite particles, gave composite anodes that were able to be readily processed into an anode in the same way as conventional Graphite, without delamination or excessive cell failure. The resultant half-cells gave slightly higher capacity than reference Graphite cells, but more work is needed to develop and verify the processing to validate the extent of the Silicon coating on the Graphite and confirm its effect on capacity.
published_date 2023-09-29T11:04:28Z
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