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Evaluation of lifestyle modification on cardiometabolic risk markers in overweight post-menopausal women: a ghrelin-mediated response? / SOON TAN

Swansea University Author: SOON TAN

  • E-Thesis under embargo until: 24th May 2026

DOI (Published version): 10.23889/SUThesis.66940

Abstract

Oestrogen deficiency in post-menopausal women increases their susceptibility to abdominal obesity, which can be associated with dysregulated ghrelin and cardiometabolic dysfunction. While a healthy lifestyle involving both regular physical activity and a healthy diet is important in managing cardiom...

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Published: Swansea University, Wales, UK 2024
Institution: Swansea University
Degree level: Doctoral
Degree name: Ph.D
Supervisor: Churm, R.; Bracken, R.; & Prior, S.
URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa66940
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While a healthy lifestyle involving both regular physical activity and a healthy diet is important in managing cardiometabolic risks, understanding ghrelin’s role may aid in optimising the synergistic effects of these behaviours in post-menopausal women. This thesis investigated the cardiometabolic response to home-based lifestyle modifications, while exploring ghrelin’s mediatory role in physically inactive, overweight/obese post-menopausal women. Through a meta-analysis of published studies, the first project detailed the cardiometabolic benefits of mixed intensity exercise training of at least 8 weeks in post-menopausal women on their usual diet. The next study demonstrated that an 8-week home-based, equipment-free high-intensity interval training (HEFHIIT) without dietary restrictions significantly improved systolic (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and augmented resting post-prandial acyl ghrelin (AG). Notably, this training regimen did not alter body weight or other cardiometabolic risk markers. The subsequent study involving an 8-week HEFHIIT with/without the Mediterranean-style diet (MedDiet) demonstrated significant improvements in visceral adiposity and DBP, with weight loss and better body composition in the former group.EFHIIT significantly increased fasting AG, while the addition of the MedDiet did not change fasting AG or des-acyl ghrelin (DAG) levels. Although no associations were identified between changes in ghrelin, weight or cardiometabolic risk markers, this thesis underscores the effectiveness of these easily implementable lifestyle behaviours in improving cardiometabolic markers without caloric restrictions. Notably, the absence of positive lifestyle behaviours over 8 weeks resulted in significant weight gain and reductions in insulin sensitivity. Improvements in abdominal adiposity and blood pressure are crucial determinants for maintaining long-term cardiometabolic health and post-menopausal women should be encouraged to adopt these lifestyle changes. 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spelling v2 66940 2024-07-04 Evaluation of lifestyle modification on cardiometabolic risk markers in overweight post-menopausal women: a ghrelin-mediated response? c53c72b9a4386538cc29b0bb863b1311 SOON TAN SOON TAN true false 2024-07-04 Oestrogen deficiency in post-menopausal women increases their susceptibility to abdominal obesity, which can be associated with dysregulated ghrelin and cardiometabolic dysfunction. While a healthy lifestyle involving both regular physical activity and a healthy diet is important in managing cardiometabolic risks, understanding ghrelin’s role may aid in optimising the synergistic effects of these behaviours in post-menopausal women. This thesis investigated the cardiometabolic response to home-based lifestyle modifications, while exploring ghrelin’s mediatory role in physically inactive, overweight/obese post-menopausal women. Through a meta-analysis of published studies, the first project detailed the cardiometabolic benefits of mixed intensity exercise training of at least 8 weeks in post-menopausal women on their usual diet. The next study demonstrated that an 8-week home-based, equipment-free high-intensity interval training (HEFHIIT) without dietary restrictions significantly improved systolic (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and augmented resting post-prandial acyl ghrelin (AG). Notably, this training regimen did not alter body weight or other cardiometabolic risk markers. The subsequent study involving an 8-week HEFHIIT with/without the Mediterranean-style diet (MedDiet) demonstrated significant improvements in visceral adiposity and DBP, with weight loss and better body composition in the former group.EFHIIT significantly increased fasting AG, while the addition of the MedDiet did not change fasting AG or des-acyl ghrelin (DAG) levels. Although no associations were identified between changes in ghrelin, weight or cardiometabolic risk markers, this thesis underscores the effectiveness of these easily implementable lifestyle behaviours in improving cardiometabolic markers without caloric restrictions. Notably, the absence of positive lifestyle behaviours over 8 weeks resulted in significant weight gain and reductions in insulin sensitivity. Improvements in abdominal adiposity and blood pressure are crucial determinants for maintaining long-term cardiometabolic health and post-menopausal women should be encouraged to adopt these lifestyle changes. Sustained efforts in maintaining these behaviours may yield clinically meaningful outcomes in the long term, beyond ghrelin mediation. E-Thesis Swansea University, Wales, UK Exercise Physiology, Post-menopausal women, Cardiometabolic Health, Cardiometabolic Disease, Ghrelin, Lifestyle Intervention 24 5 2024 2024-05-24 10.23889/SUThesis.66940 A selection of content is redacted or is partially redacted from this thesis to protect sensitive and personal information. COLLEGE NANME COLLEGE CODE Swansea University Churm, R.; Bracken, R.; & Prior, S. Doctoral Ph.D Swansea University College of Engineering Sport and Exercise Science Scholarship Swansea University College of Engineering Sport and Exercise Science Scholarship 2024-07-04T14:28:37.4927693 2024-07-04T14:11:03.4143960 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Sport and Exercise Sciences SOON TAN 1 Under embargo Under embargo 2024-07-04T14:21:15.0180633 Output 5615692 application/pdf E-Thesis true 2026-05-24T00:00:00.0000000 Copyright: The Author, Soon Ying Abbigail Tan, 2024. Distributed under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). true eng https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
title Evaluation of lifestyle modification on cardiometabolic risk markers in overweight post-menopausal women: a ghrelin-mediated response?
spellingShingle Evaluation of lifestyle modification on cardiometabolic risk markers in overweight post-menopausal women: a ghrelin-mediated response?
SOON TAN
title_short Evaluation of lifestyle modification on cardiometabolic risk markers in overweight post-menopausal women: a ghrelin-mediated response?
title_full Evaluation of lifestyle modification on cardiometabolic risk markers in overweight post-menopausal women: a ghrelin-mediated response?
title_fullStr Evaluation of lifestyle modification on cardiometabolic risk markers in overweight post-menopausal women: a ghrelin-mediated response?
title_full_unstemmed Evaluation of lifestyle modification on cardiometabolic risk markers in overweight post-menopausal women: a ghrelin-mediated response?
title_sort Evaluation of lifestyle modification on cardiometabolic risk markers in overweight post-menopausal women: a ghrelin-mediated response?
author_id_str_mv c53c72b9a4386538cc29b0bb863b1311
author_id_fullname_str_mv c53c72b9a4386538cc29b0bb863b1311_***_SOON TAN
author SOON TAN
author2 SOON TAN
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hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
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department_str School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Sport and Exercise Sciences{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Sport and Exercise Sciences
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description Oestrogen deficiency in post-menopausal women increases their susceptibility to abdominal obesity, which can be associated with dysregulated ghrelin and cardiometabolic dysfunction. While a healthy lifestyle involving both regular physical activity and a healthy diet is important in managing cardiometabolic risks, understanding ghrelin’s role may aid in optimising the synergistic effects of these behaviours in post-menopausal women. This thesis investigated the cardiometabolic response to home-based lifestyle modifications, while exploring ghrelin’s mediatory role in physically inactive, overweight/obese post-menopausal women. Through a meta-analysis of published studies, the first project detailed the cardiometabolic benefits of mixed intensity exercise training of at least 8 weeks in post-menopausal women on their usual diet. The next study demonstrated that an 8-week home-based, equipment-free high-intensity interval training (HEFHIIT) without dietary restrictions significantly improved systolic (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and augmented resting post-prandial acyl ghrelin (AG). Notably, this training regimen did not alter body weight or other cardiometabolic risk markers. The subsequent study involving an 8-week HEFHIIT with/without the Mediterranean-style diet (MedDiet) demonstrated significant improvements in visceral adiposity and DBP, with weight loss and better body composition in the former group.EFHIIT significantly increased fasting AG, while the addition of the MedDiet did not change fasting AG or des-acyl ghrelin (DAG) levels. Although no associations were identified between changes in ghrelin, weight or cardiometabolic risk markers, this thesis underscores the effectiveness of these easily implementable lifestyle behaviours in improving cardiometabolic markers without caloric restrictions. Notably, the absence of positive lifestyle behaviours over 8 weeks resulted in significant weight gain and reductions in insulin sensitivity. Improvements in abdominal adiposity and blood pressure are crucial determinants for maintaining long-term cardiometabolic health and post-menopausal women should be encouraged to adopt these lifestyle changes. Sustained efforts in maintaining these behaviours may yield clinically meaningful outcomes in the long term, beyond ghrelin mediation.
published_date 2024-05-24T14:28:36Z
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