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Determination of the optimal dose and dosing strategy for effective L-menthol oral rinsing during exercise in hot environments

Jeffries, Owen, Jibi, Godi, Clark, Joe, Barwood, Martin, Mark Waldron Orcid Logo

European Journal of Applied Physiology

Swansea University Author: Mark Waldron Orcid Logo

Abstract

Purpose This multi-study programme investigated the optimal concentration of L-menthol delivered as an oral mouth rinse to modulate thermo-behaviour during exercise in a hot environment (35 oC).Method In study 1, 38 participants completed a survey to establish an effective and tolerable range of L-m...

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Published in: European Journal of Applied Physiology
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa67599
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first_indexed 2024-09-06T08:36:34Z
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fullrecord <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><rfc1807 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"><bib-version>v2</bib-version><id>67599</id><entry>2024-09-06</entry><title>Determination of the optimal dose and dosing strategy for effective L-menthol oral rinsing during exercise in hot environments</title><swanseaauthors><author><sid>70db7c6c54d46f5e70b39e5ae0a056fa</sid><ORCID>0000-0002-2720-4615</ORCID><firstname>Mark</firstname><surname>Waldron</surname><name>Mark Waldron</name><active>true</active><ethesisStudent>false</ethesisStudent></author></swanseaauthors><date>2024-09-06</date><deptcode>EAAS</deptcode><abstract>Purpose This multi-study programme investigated the optimal concentration of L-menthol delivered as an oral mouth rinse to modulate thermo-behaviour during exercise in a hot environment (35 oC).Method In study 1, 38 participants completed a survey to establish an effective and tolerable range of L-menthol concentration. 31 participants completed an RPE-protocol examining 1. the dose-response effect of L-menthol mouth rinse on exercise performance (n = 16) and 2. the temporal effectiveness of administering L-menthol in an incremental and decremental dosing pattern (n = 15). Power output, heart rate, body core temperature and thermal sensation were reported throughout. ResultsThe optimal menthol concentration for peak power was between 0.01 &amp; 0.1% (~6 % increase, P &lt; 0.05) and 0.5% (~9 % increase, P &lt; 0.05) with respect to control. Work completed was increased at 0.01% (~5 %, P &lt; 0.05), at 0.1% (~3 %, P &lt; 0.05) and had a detrimental effect at 0.5% (-10% decrease, P &lt; 0.05). There were no differences between an ascending dose protocol (0.01 to 0.5 %), descending dose protocol (0.5 to 0.01 %) or a constant 0.01% dose protocol. There were no reported differences in body core temperature or heart rate across trials (P &gt; 0.05). ConclusionThe optimal dose of L-menthol when delivered via oral rinsing is between 0.01 – 0.1 %. At lower concentrations, L-menthol appears to be less effective and at higher concentrations (&gt;0.5%), L-menthol appears to elicit greater irritation and may not positively modulate thermo-behaviour during exercise in a hot environment.</abstract><type>Journal Article</type><journal>European Journal of Applied Physiology</journal><volume/><journalNumber/><paginationStart/><paginationEnd/><publisher/><placeOfPublication/><isbnPrint/><isbnElectronic/><issnPrint/><issnElectronic/><keywords/><publishedDay>0</publishedDay><publishedMonth>0</publishedMonth><publishedYear>0</publishedYear><publishedDate>0001-01-01</publishedDate><doi/><url/><notes/><college>COLLEGE NANME</college><department>Engineering and Applied Sciences School</department><CollegeCode>COLLEGE CODE</CollegeCode><DepartmentCode>EAAS</DepartmentCode><institution>Swansea University</institution><apcterm/><funders/><projectreference/><lastEdited>2024-09-06T09:36:35.2964726</lastEdited><Created>2024-09-06T09:33:10.2976954</Created><path><level id="1">Faculty of Science and Engineering</level><level id="2">School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Sport and Exercise Sciences</level></path><authors><author><firstname>Jeffries,</firstname><surname>Owen</surname><order>1</order></author><author><firstname>Jibi,</firstname><surname>Godi</surname><order>2</order></author><author><firstname>Clark,</firstname><surname>Joe</surname><order>3</order></author><author><firstname>Barwood,</firstname><surname>Martin</surname><order>4</order></author><author><firstname>Mark</firstname><surname>Waldron</surname><orcid>0000-0002-2720-4615</orcid><order>5</order></author></authors><documents/><OutputDurs/></rfc1807>
spelling v2 67599 2024-09-06 Determination of the optimal dose and dosing strategy for effective L-menthol oral rinsing during exercise in hot environments 70db7c6c54d46f5e70b39e5ae0a056fa 0000-0002-2720-4615 Mark Waldron Mark Waldron true false 2024-09-06 EAAS Purpose This multi-study programme investigated the optimal concentration of L-menthol delivered as an oral mouth rinse to modulate thermo-behaviour during exercise in a hot environment (35 oC).Method In study 1, 38 participants completed a survey to establish an effective and tolerable range of L-menthol concentration. 31 participants completed an RPE-protocol examining 1. the dose-response effect of L-menthol mouth rinse on exercise performance (n = 16) and 2. the temporal effectiveness of administering L-menthol in an incremental and decremental dosing pattern (n = 15). Power output, heart rate, body core temperature and thermal sensation were reported throughout. ResultsThe optimal menthol concentration for peak power was between 0.01 & 0.1% (~6 % increase, P < 0.05) and 0.5% (~9 % increase, P < 0.05) with respect to control. Work completed was increased at 0.01% (~5 %, P < 0.05), at 0.1% (~3 %, P < 0.05) and had a detrimental effect at 0.5% (-10% decrease, P < 0.05). There were no differences between an ascending dose protocol (0.01 to 0.5 %), descending dose protocol (0.5 to 0.01 %) or a constant 0.01% dose protocol. There were no reported differences in body core temperature or heart rate across trials (P > 0.05). ConclusionThe optimal dose of L-menthol when delivered via oral rinsing is between 0.01 – 0.1 %. At lower concentrations, L-menthol appears to be less effective and at higher concentrations (>0.5%), L-menthol appears to elicit greater irritation and may not positively modulate thermo-behaviour during exercise in a hot environment. Journal Article European Journal of Applied Physiology 0 0 0 0001-01-01 COLLEGE NANME Engineering and Applied Sciences School COLLEGE CODE EAAS Swansea University 2024-09-06T09:36:35.2964726 2024-09-06T09:33:10.2976954 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Sport and Exercise Sciences Jeffries, Owen 1 Jibi, Godi 2 Clark, Joe 3 Barwood, Martin 4 Mark Waldron 0000-0002-2720-4615 5
title Determination of the optimal dose and dosing strategy for effective L-menthol oral rinsing during exercise in hot environments
spellingShingle Determination of the optimal dose and dosing strategy for effective L-menthol oral rinsing during exercise in hot environments
Mark Waldron
title_short Determination of the optimal dose and dosing strategy for effective L-menthol oral rinsing during exercise in hot environments
title_full Determination of the optimal dose and dosing strategy for effective L-menthol oral rinsing during exercise in hot environments
title_fullStr Determination of the optimal dose and dosing strategy for effective L-menthol oral rinsing during exercise in hot environments
title_full_unstemmed Determination of the optimal dose and dosing strategy for effective L-menthol oral rinsing during exercise in hot environments
title_sort Determination of the optimal dose and dosing strategy for effective L-menthol oral rinsing during exercise in hot environments
author_id_str_mv 70db7c6c54d46f5e70b39e5ae0a056fa
author_id_fullname_str_mv 70db7c6c54d46f5e70b39e5ae0a056fa_***_Mark Waldron
author Mark Waldron
author2 Jeffries, Owen
Jibi, Godi
Clark, Joe
Barwood, Martin
Mark Waldron
format Journal article
container_title European Journal of Applied Physiology
institution Swansea University
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Sport and Exercise Sciences{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Sport and Exercise Sciences
document_store_str 0
active_str 0
description Purpose This multi-study programme investigated the optimal concentration of L-menthol delivered as an oral mouth rinse to modulate thermo-behaviour during exercise in a hot environment (35 oC).Method In study 1, 38 participants completed a survey to establish an effective and tolerable range of L-menthol concentration. 31 participants completed an RPE-protocol examining 1. the dose-response effect of L-menthol mouth rinse on exercise performance (n = 16) and 2. the temporal effectiveness of administering L-menthol in an incremental and decremental dosing pattern (n = 15). Power output, heart rate, body core temperature and thermal sensation were reported throughout. ResultsThe optimal menthol concentration for peak power was between 0.01 & 0.1% (~6 % increase, P < 0.05) and 0.5% (~9 % increase, P < 0.05) with respect to control. Work completed was increased at 0.01% (~5 %, P < 0.05), at 0.1% (~3 %, P < 0.05) and had a detrimental effect at 0.5% (-10% decrease, P < 0.05). There were no differences between an ascending dose protocol (0.01 to 0.5 %), descending dose protocol (0.5 to 0.01 %) or a constant 0.01% dose protocol. There were no reported differences in body core temperature or heart rate across trials (P > 0.05). ConclusionThe optimal dose of L-menthol when delivered via oral rinsing is between 0.01 – 0.1 %. At lower concentrations, L-menthol appears to be less effective and at higher concentrations (>0.5%), L-menthol appears to elicit greater irritation and may not positively modulate thermo-behaviour during exercise in a hot environment.
published_date 0001-01-01T09:36:34Z
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score 11.025749

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