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Photoelectric tunable-step terahertz detectors: a study on optimal antenna parameters, speed, and temperature performance

Ran Chen, Ruqiao Xia, Jonathan Griffiths, Harvey E. Beere, David Ritchie Orcid Logo, Wladislaw Michailow Orcid Logo

Nanophotonics, Volume: 13, Issue: 10, Pages: 1917 - 1928

Swansea University Author: David Ritchie Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1515/nanoph-2023-0864

Abstract

Field effect transistors have shown promising performance as terahertz (THz) detectors over the past few decades. Recently, a quantum phenomenon, the in-plane photoelectric effect, was discovered as a novel detection mechanism in gated two-dimensional electron gases (2DEGs), and devices based on thi...

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Published in: Nanophotonics
ISSN: 2192-8606 2192-8614
Published: De Gruyter 2024
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa67666
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spelling v2 67666 2024-09-12 Photoelectric tunable-step terahertz detectors: a study on optimal antenna parameters, speed, and temperature performance e943ea127ff7b7771c2b27c15b96c6fa 0000-0002-9844-8350 David Ritchie David Ritchie true false 2024-09-12 BGPS Field effect transistors have shown promising performance as terahertz (THz) detectors over the past few decades. Recently, a quantum phenomenon, the in-plane photoelectric effect, was discovered as a novel detection mechanism in gated two-dimensional electron gases (2DEGs), and devices based on this effect, photoelectric tunable-step (PETS) THz detectors, have been proposed as sensitive THz detectors. Here, we demonstrate a PETS THz detector based on GaAs/AlGaAs heterojunction using a dipole antenna. We investigate the dependence of the in-plane photoelectric effect on parameters including the dimensions and the operating temperature of the device. Two figures of merit within the 2DEG, the maximum electric field and the radiation-induced ac-potential difference, are simulated to determine the optimal design of the PETS detector antenna. We identify the optimal antenna gap size, metal thickness, and 2DEG depth, and demonstrate the first PETS detector with a symmetric dipole antenna, which shows high-speed detection of 1.9 THz radiation with a strong photoresponse. Our findings deepen the understanding of the in-plane photoelectric effect and provide a universal guidance for the design of future PETS THz detectors. Journal Article Nanophotonics 13 10 1917 1928 De Gruyter 2192-8606 2192-8614 Two-dimensional electron gas, in-plane photoelectric effect, photoelectric tunable-step detector, far-infrared detection 1 2 2024 2024-02-01 10.1515/nanoph-2023-0864 COLLEGE NANME Biosciences Geography and Physics School COLLEGE CODE BGPS Swansea University R.C. thanks China Scholarship Council and Cambridge Trust for a CSC Cambridge International Scholarship. W.M. thanks Trinity College Cambridge for a Junior Research Fellowship. The authors acknowledge EPSRC funding from the HyperTerahertz grant, no. EP/P021859/1, and the TeraCom grant, no. EP/W028921/1. 2024-09-12T15:10:29.4127355 2024-09-12T14:39:05.1240125 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Physics Ran Chen 1 Ruqiao Xia 2 Jonathan Griffiths 3 Harvey E. Beere 4 David Ritchie 0000-0002-9844-8350 5 Wladislaw Michailow 0000-0002-2573-9448 6 67666__31303__0dba75fdb27c48bfba7520fb4960725c.pdf NANOPH-13-10-10.1515_nanoph-2023-0864.pdf 2024-09-12T14:39:05.0943464 Output 4096270 application/pdf Version of Record true © 2024 the author(s). This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY). true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
title Photoelectric tunable-step terahertz detectors: a study on optimal antenna parameters, speed, and temperature performance
spellingShingle Photoelectric tunable-step terahertz detectors: a study on optimal antenna parameters, speed, and temperature performance
David Ritchie
title_short Photoelectric tunable-step terahertz detectors: a study on optimal antenna parameters, speed, and temperature performance
title_full Photoelectric tunable-step terahertz detectors: a study on optimal antenna parameters, speed, and temperature performance
title_fullStr Photoelectric tunable-step terahertz detectors: a study on optimal antenna parameters, speed, and temperature performance
title_full_unstemmed Photoelectric tunable-step terahertz detectors: a study on optimal antenna parameters, speed, and temperature performance
title_sort Photoelectric tunable-step terahertz detectors: a study on optimal antenna parameters, speed, and temperature performance
author_id_str_mv e943ea127ff7b7771c2b27c15b96c6fa
author_id_fullname_str_mv e943ea127ff7b7771c2b27c15b96c6fa_***_David Ritchie
author David Ritchie
author2 Ran Chen
Ruqiao Xia
Jonathan Griffiths
Harvey E. Beere
David Ritchie
Wladislaw Michailow
format Journal article
container_title Nanophotonics
container_volume 13
container_issue 10
container_start_page 1917
publishDate 2024
institution Swansea University
issn 2192-8606
2192-8614
doi_str_mv 10.1515/nanoph-2023-0864
publisher De Gruyter
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
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hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Physics{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Physics
document_store_str 1
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description Field effect transistors have shown promising performance as terahertz (THz) detectors over the past few decades. Recently, a quantum phenomenon, the in-plane photoelectric effect, was discovered as a novel detection mechanism in gated two-dimensional electron gases (2DEGs), and devices based on this effect, photoelectric tunable-step (PETS) THz detectors, have been proposed as sensitive THz detectors. Here, we demonstrate a PETS THz detector based on GaAs/AlGaAs heterojunction using a dipole antenna. We investigate the dependence of the in-plane photoelectric effect on parameters including the dimensions and the operating temperature of the device. Two figures of merit within the 2DEG, the maximum electric field and the radiation-induced ac-potential difference, are simulated to determine the optimal design of the PETS detector antenna. We identify the optimal antenna gap size, metal thickness, and 2DEG depth, and demonstrate the first PETS detector with a symmetric dipole antenna, which shows high-speed detection of 1.9 THz radiation with a strong photoresponse. Our findings deepen the understanding of the in-plane photoelectric effect and provide a universal guidance for the design of future PETS THz detectors.
published_date 2024-02-01T15:10:28Z
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