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Inflammatory markers in early knee joint osteoarthritis differ from well-matched controls and are associated with consistent, rather than intermittent knee pain

Shane Heffernan Orcid Logo, Gill Conway Orcid Logo, Conor McCarthy, Stephen Eustace, Mark Waldron Orcid Logo, Giuseppe De Vito, Eamonn Delahunt

The Knee, Volume: 51, Pages: 189 - 198

Swansea University Authors: Shane Heffernan Orcid Logo, Gill Conway Orcid Logo, Mark Waldron Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1016/j.knee.2024.09.003

Abstract

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterised by the failure of normal biological processes to repair following damage. Traditionally, OA was considered a “wear and tear” disorder; however, it is now a recognised inflammatory condition, preceded by molecular modifications. The aim of this study w...

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Published in: The Knee
ISSN: 0968-0160 1873-5800
Published: Elsevier BV 2024
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Traditionally, OA was considered a “wear and tear” disorder; however, it is now a recognised inflammatory condition, preceded by molecular modifications. The aim of this study was to evaluate inflammatory markers among individuals with early knee OA (eKOA) and well-matched asymptomatic controls. Methods: Twenty six eKOA (females, n = 13; age = 60.2±5.4yrs, height = 1.73±0.11m, body mass = 77.8±12.8kg, body fat = 33.9±8.5%) and twenty-three asymptomatic individuals (females, n = 14; age = 59.9±5.5yrs, height = 1.71±0.09m, body mass = 72.6±11.3kg, body fat = 30.4±8.2%) were recruited. The Timed Up and Go, and the 6 Minute Walk Tests evaluated physical function in addition to pain specific questionnaires (KOOS and ICOAP). Serum levels of IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8(CXCL8), IL-10, hsCRP and TNF-α were quantified using a multiplex assay via V-plex®Sector Imager 2400. Results: As hypothesised, only KOOS and EQ-5D-5L metrics differed between the groups for non-blood derived measures (p &lt; 0.04). Only IL-6 was higher in eKOA (P=0.02; 95% CI = 0.202; by 0.197 pg/mL; 34.5%). Among eKOA, IL-6 did not relate to severity of KOOS pain (P=0.696, r=-0.088), but had a positive relationship with ICOAP consistent (r=0.469, P=0.045) rather than intermittent pain. There was a moderate correlation between 6MWD and IL-8 (r=0.471, P=0.012). Conclusion: Our results illustrate the potential for IL-6 as a biomarker for eKOA, and introduce the proposition for particular consideration in those with consistent pain. Further, for the first time the present data showed greater walking distance in eKOA with lower circulating IL-8. Future work should seek to verify these results and further investigate IL-6 and IL-8 related molecular pathways in eKOA, and their potential relationships with consistent knee pain and physical function.</abstract><type>Journal Article</type><journal>The Knee</journal><volume>51</volume><journalNumber/><paginationStart>189</paginationStart><paginationEnd>198</paginationEnd><publisher>Elsevier BV</publisher><placeOfPublication/><isbnPrint/><isbnElectronic/><issnPrint>0968-0160</issnPrint><issnElectronic>1873-5800</issnElectronic><keywords>Consistent knee pain, physical function, interleukins, biomarkers</keywords><publishedDay>1</publishedDay><publishedMonth>12</publishedMonth><publishedYear>2024</publishedYear><publishedDate>2024-12-01</publishedDate><doi>10.1016/j.knee.2024.09.003</doi><url/><notes/><college>COLLEGE NANME</college><department>Engineering and Applied Sciences School</department><CollegeCode>COLLEGE CODE</CollegeCode><DepartmentCode>EAAS</DepartmentCode><institution>Swansea University</institution><apcterm>SU Library paid the OA fee (TA Institutional Deal)</apcterm><funders>This research was partly funded by Marigot Ltd Strand Farm House, Curraghbinny, Carrigaline, Co. 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spelling v2 67729 2024-09-19 Inflammatory markers in early knee joint osteoarthritis differ from well-matched controls and are associated with consistent, rather than intermittent knee pain 72c0b36891dfbec0378c0d0f7916e807 0000-0002-3297-9335 Shane Heffernan Shane Heffernan true false e33e0ee5a076ad91fe6615117caa1800 0000-0002-5991-0960 Gill Conway Gill Conway true false 70db7c6c54d46f5e70b39e5ae0a056fa 0000-0002-2720-4615 Mark Waldron Mark Waldron true false 2024-09-19 EAAS Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterised by the failure of normal biological processes to repair following damage. Traditionally, OA was considered a “wear and tear” disorder; however, it is now a recognised inflammatory condition, preceded by molecular modifications. The aim of this study was to evaluate inflammatory markers among individuals with early knee OA (eKOA) and well-matched asymptomatic controls. Methods: Twenty six eKOA (females, n = 13; age = 60.2±5.4yrs, height = 1.73±0.11m, body mass = 77.8±12.8kg, body fat = 33.9±8.5%) and twenty-three asymptomatic individuals (females, n = 14; age = 59.9±5.5yrs, height = 1.71±0.09m, body mass = 72.6±11.3kg, body fat = 30.4±8.2%) were recruited. The Timed Up and Go, and the 6 Minute Walk Tests evaluated physical function in addition to pain specific questionnaires (KOOS and ICOAP). Serum levels of IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8(CXCL8), IL-10, hsCRP and TNF-α were quantified using a multiplex assay via V-plex®Sector Imager 2400. Results: As hypothesised, only KOOS and EQ-5D-5L metrics differed between the groups for non-blood derived measures (p < 0.04). Only IL-6 was higher in eKOA (P=0.02; 95% CI = 0.202; by 0.197 pg/mL; 34.5%). Among eKOA, IL-6 did not relate to severity of KOOS pain (P=0.696, r=-0.088), but had a positive relationship with ICOAP consistent (r=0.469, P=0.045) rather than intermittent pain. There was a moderate correlation between 6MWD and IL-8 (r=0.471, P=0.012). Conclusion: Our results illustrate the potential for IL-6 as a biomarker for eKOA, and introduce the proposition for particular consideration in those with consistent pain. Further, for the first time the present data showed greater walking distance in eKOA with lower circulating IL-8. Future work should seek to verify these results and further investigate IL-6 and IL-8 related molecular pathways in eKOA, and their potential relationships with consistent knee pain and physical function. Journal Article The Knee 51 189 198 Elsevier BV 0968-0160 1873-5800 Consistent knee pain, physical function, interleukins, biomarkers 1 12 2024 2024-12-01 10.1016/j.knee.2024.09.003 COLLEGE NANME Engineering and Applied Sciences School COLLEGE CODE EAAS Swansea University SU Library paid the OA fee (TA Institutional Deal) This research was partly funded by Marigot Ltd Strand Farm House, Curraghbinny, Carrigaline, Co. Cork, Ireland (Grant number V1253) via University College Dublin (UCD) and institutionally via Swansea University, Applied Sports Science Technology and Medicine Research Centre (A-STEM). 2024-10-23T14:36:21.3049783 2024-09-19T11:25:53.8344313 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Sport and Exercise Sciences Shane Heffernan 0000-0002-3297-9335 1 Gill Conway 0000-0002-5991-0960 2 Conor McCarthy 3 Stephen Eustace 4 Mark Waldron 0000-0002-2720-4615 5 Giuseppe De Vito 6 Eamonn Delahunt 7 67729__31532__c50ed14511414de291854ddc1fae9147.pdf 67729.VOR.pdf 2024-10-04T09:44:02.2794265 Output 672058 application/pdf Version of Record true © 2024 The Author(s). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license. true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
title Inflammatory markers in early knee joint osteoarthritis differ from well-matched controls and are associated with consistent, rather than intermittent knee pain
spellingShingle Inflammatory markers in early knee joint osteoarthritis differ from well-matched controls and are associated with consistent, rather than intermittent knee pain
Shane Heffernan
Gill Conway
Mark Waldron
title_short Inflammatory markers in early knee joint osteoarthritis differ from well-matched controls and are associated with consistent, rather than intermittent knee pain
title_full Inflammatory markers in early knee joint osteoarthritis differ from well-matched controls and are associated with consistent, rather than intermittent knee pain
title_fullStr Inflammatory markers in early knee joint osteoarthritis differ from well-matched controls and are associated with consistent, rather than intermittent knee pain
title_full_unstemmed Inflammatory markers in early knee joint osteoarthritis differ from well-matched controls and are associated with consistent, rather than intermittent knee pain
title_sort Inflammatory markers in early knee joint osteoarthritis differ from well-matched controls and are associated with consistent, rather than intermittent knee pain
author_id_str_mv 72c0b36891dfbec0378c0d0f7916e807
e33e0ee5a076ad91fe6615117caa1800
70db7c6c54d46f5e70b39e5ae0a056fa
author_id_fullname_str_mv 72c0b36891dfbec0378c0d0f7916e807_***_Shane Heffernan
e33e0ee5a076ad91fe6615117caa1800_***_Gill Conway
70db7c6c54d46f5e70b39e5ae0a056fa_***_Mark Waldron
author Shane Heffernan
Gill Conway
Mark Waldron
author2 Shane Heffernan
Gill Conway
Conor McCarthy
Stephen Eustace
Mark Waldron
Giuseppe De Vito
Eamonn Delahunt
format Journal article
container_title The Knee
container_volume 51
container_start_page 189
publishDate 2024
institution Swansea University
issn 0968-0160
1873-5800
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.knee.2024.09.003
publisher Elsevier BV
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Sport and Exercise Sciences{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Sport and Exercise Sciences
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterised by the failure of normal biological processes to repair following damage. Traditionally, OA was considered a “wear and tear” disorder; however, it is now a recognised inflammatory condition, preceded by molecular modifications. The aim of this study was to evaluate inflammatory markers among individuals with early knee OA (eKOA) and well-matched asymptomatic controls. Methods: Twenty six eKOA (females, n = 13; age = 60.2±5.4yrs, height = 1.73±0.11m, body mass = 77.8±12.8kg, body fat = 33.9±8.5%) and twenty-three asymptomatic individuals (females, n = 14; age = 59.9±5.5yrs, height = 1.71±0.09m, body mass = 72.6±11.3kg, body fat = 30.4±8.2%) were recruited. The Timed Up and Go, and the 6 Minute Walk Tests evaluated physical function in addition to pain specific questionnaires (KOOS and ICOAP). Serum levels of IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8(CXCL8), IL-10, hsCRP and TNF-α were quantified using a multiplex assay via V-plex®Sector Imager 2400. Results: As hypothesised, only KOOS and EQ-5D-5L metrics differed between the groups for non-blood derived measures (p < 0.04). Only IL-6 was higher in eKOA (P=0.02; 95% CI = 0.202; by 0.197 pg/mL; 34.5%). Among eKOA, IL-6 did not relate to severity of KOOS pain (P=0.696, r=-0.088), but had a positive relationship with ICOAP consistent (r=0.469, P=0.045) rather than intermittent pain. There was a moderate correlation between 6MWD and IL-8 (r=0.471, P=0.012). Conclusion: Our results illustrate the potential for IL-6 as a biomarker for eKOA, and introduce the proposition for particular consideration in those with consistent pain. Further, for the first time the present data showed greater walking distance in eKOA with lower circulating IL-8. Future work should seek to verify these results and further investigate IL-6 and IL-8 related molecular pathways in eKOA, and their potential relationships with consistent knee pain and physical function.
published_date 2024-12-01T14:36:19Z
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score 11.03559

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