The effect of dietary supplements on core temperature and sweating responses in hot environmental conditions: a meta-analysis and meta-regression

Peel, Jenny; McNarry, Melitta; Heffernan, Shane; Nevola, Venturino R; Kilduff, Liam; Waldron, Mark

doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00186.2024

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The effect of dietary supplements on core temperature and sweating responses in hot environmental conditions: a meta-analysis and meta-regression

Jenny Peel, Melitta McNarry

, Shane Heffernan

, Venturino R Nevola, Liam Kilduff

, Mark Waldron

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology

Swansea University Authors: Jenny Peel, Melitta McNarry , Shane Heffernan , Liam Kilduff , Mark Waldron

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DOI (Published version): 10.1152/ajpregu.00186.2024

Abstract

Dietary supplements are widely used among individuals exposed to hot environments, but whether their consumption confers any thermoregulatory effect is unclear. Therefore, we systematically evaluated the effect of dietary supplementation on key aspects of thermoregulation (core temperature [Tcore] a...

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Published in:	American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology
ISSN:	0363-6119 1522-1490
Published:	American Physiological Society 2025
Online Access:	Check full text
URI:	https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa68769

first_indexed	2025-01-31T10:26:52Z
last_indexed	2025-04-01T04:42:51Z
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Therefore, we systematically evaluated the effect of dietary supplementation on key aspects of thermoregulation (core temperature [Tcore] and sweating responses) in the heat. Three databases were searched in April 2024. After screening, 124 peer-reviewed articles were identified for inclusion within three separate meta-analyses: (1) peak Tcore; (2) whole-body sweat rate (WBSR); (3) local sweat rate (LSR). The moderating effect of several variables (e.g. training and heat acclimation status), known to influence thermoregulatory function, were assessed via sub-analysis and meta-regression. There was no overall effect of the differing supplement types on WBSR (p = 0.405) and LSR (p = 0.769), despite taurine significantly increasing WBSR (n = 3, Hedges’ g = 0.79, p = 0.006). Peak Tcore was significantly affected by supplement type (p = 0.011), primarily due to caffeine’s small significant positive effect (n = 30; Hedges’ g = 0.44, p < 0.001) and taurine’s (n = 3, Hedges’ g = -0.66, p = 0.043) and oligonol’s (n = 3; Hedges’ g = -0.50, p = 0.014) medium significant negative effects. Dietary supplements, such as amino acids (e.g. taurine), some anti-oxidants and anti-inflammatories (e.g. oligonol) conferred the greatest thermoregulatory benefits during heat exposure. Taurine ingestion in such conditions may lower heat strain, which is likely through its augmentation of thermal sweating. 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spelling	2025-03-31T16:28:30.7408756 v2 68769 2025-01-31 The effect of dietary supplements on core temperature and sweating responses in hot environmental conditions: a meta-analysis and meta-regression 86316fdeb6b4ee7ce0206f789eec781c Jenny Peel Jenny Peel true false 062f5697ff59f004bc8c713955988398 0000-0003-0813-7477 Melitta McNarry Melitta McNarry true false 72c0b36891dfbec0378c0d0f7916e807 0000-0002-3297-9335 Shane Heffernan Shane Heffernan true false 972ed9a1dda7a0de20581a0f8350be98 0000-0001-9449-2293 Liam Kilduff Liam Kilduff true false 70db7c6c54d46f5e70b39e5ae0a056fa 0000-0002-2720-4615 Mark Waldron Mark Waldron true false 2025-01-31 Dietary supplements are widely used among individuals exposed to hot environments, but whether their consumption confers any thermoregulatory effect is unclear. Therefore, we systematically evaluated the effect of dietary supplementation on key aspects of thermoregulation (core temperature [Tcore] and sweating responses) in the heat. Three databases were searched in April 2024. After screening, 124 peer-reviewed articles were identified for inclusion within three separate meta-analyses: (1) peak Tcore; (2) whole-body sweat rate (WBSR); (3) local sweat rate (LSR). The moderating effect of several variables (e.g. training and heat acclimation status), known to influence thermoregulatory function, were assessed via sub-analysis and meta-regression. There was no overall effect of the differing supplement types on WBSR (p = 0.405) and LSR (p = 0.769), despite taurine significantly increasing WBSR (n = 3, Hedges’ g = 0.79, p = 0.006). Peak Tcore was significantly affected by supplement type (p = 0.011), primarily due to caffeine’s small significant positive effect (n = 30; Hedges’ g = 0.44, p < 0.001) and taurine’s (n = 3, Hedges’ g = -0.66, p = 0.043) and oligonol’s (n = 3; Hedges’ g = -0.50, p = 0.014) medium significant negative effects. Dietary supplements, such as amino acids (e.g. taurine), some anti-oxidants and anti-inflammatories (e.g. oligonol) conferred the greatest thermoregulatory benefits during heat exposure. Taurine ingestion in such conditions may lower heat strain, which is likely through its augmentation of thermal sweating. Conversely, caffeine intake may potentially pose the greatest risk in the heat due to its effect on Tcore. Journal Article American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 0 American Physiological Society 0363-6119 1522-1490 Dietary supplements; thermoregulation; core temperature; sweating; evaporative cooling; heat 30 1 2025 2025-01-30 10.1152/ajpregu.00186.2024 Systematic Review COLLEGE NANME COLLEGE CODE Swansea University No funding was provided to support this manuscript. 2025-03-31T16:28:30.7408756 2025-01-31T10:22:53.8017125 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Sport and Exercise Sciences Jenny Peel 1 Melitta McNarry 0000-0003-0813-7477 2 Shane Heffernan 0000-0002-3297-9335 3 Venturino R Nevola 4 Liam Kilduff 0000-0001-9449-2293 5 Mark Waldron 0000-0002-2720-4615 6 68769__33455__765ed1ec29a24858af737c4d697c9d5f.pdf 68769.pdf 2025-01-31T10:26:26.2746762 Output 2131145 application/pdf Accepted Manuscript true Author accepted manuscript document released under the terms of a Creative Commons CC-BY licence using the Swansea University Research Publications Policy (rights retention). true eng https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.en
title	The effect of dietary supplements on core temperature and sweating responses in hot environmental conditions: a meta-analysis and meta-regression
spellingShingle	The effect of dietary supplements on core temperature and sweating responses in hot environmental conditions: a meta-analysis and meta-regression Jenny Peel Melitta McNarry Shane Heffernan Liam Kilduff Mark Waldron
title_short	The effect of dietary supplements on core temperature and sweating responses in hot environmental conditions: a meta-analysis and meta-regression
title_full	The effect of dietary supplements on core temperature and sweating responses in hot environmental conditions: a meta-analysis and meta-regression
title_fullStr	The effect of dietary supplements on core temperature and sweating responses in hot environmental conditions: a meta-analysis and meta-regression
title_full_unstemmed	The effect of dietary supplements on core temperature and sweating responses in hot environmental conditions: a meta-analysis and meta-regression
title_sort	The effect of dietary supplements on core temperature and sweating responses in hot environmental conditions: a meta-analysis and meta-regression
author_id_str_mv	86316fdeb6b4ee7ce0206f789eec781c 062f5697ff59f004bc8c713955988398 72c0b36891dfbec0378c0d0f7916e807 972ed9a1dda7a0de20581a0f8350be98 70db7c6c54d46f5e70b39e5ae0a056fa
author_id_fullname_str_mv	86316fdeb6b4ee7ce0206f789eec781c_*_Jenny Peel 062f5697ff59f004bc8c713955988398__Melitta McNarry 72c0b36891dfbec0378c0d0f7916e807__Shane Heffernan 972ed9a1dda7a0de20581a0f8350be98__Liam Kilduff 70db7c6c54d46f5e70b39e5ae0a056fa_**_Mark Waldron
author	Jenny Peel Melitta McNarry Shane Heffernan Liam Kilduff Mark Waldron
author2	Jenny Peel Melitta McNarry Shane Heffernan Venturino R Nevola Liam Kilduff Mark Waldron
format	Journal article
container_title	American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology
container_volume	0
publishDate	2025
institution	Swansea University
issn	0363-6119 1522-1490
doi_str_mv	10.1152/ajpregu.00186.2024
publisher	American Physiological Society
college_str	Faculty of Science and Engineering
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hierarchy_top_id	facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title	Faculty of Science and Engineering
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department_str	School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Sport and Exercise Sciences{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Sport and Exercise Sciences
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description	Dietary supplements are widely used among individuals exposed to hot environments, but whether their consumption confers any thermoregulatory effect is unclear. Therefore, we systematically evaluated the effect of dietary supplementation on key aspects of thermoregulation (core temperature [Tcore] and sweating responses) in the heat. Three databases were searched in April 2024. After screening, 124 peer-reviewed articles were identified for inclusion within three separate meta-analyses: (1) peak Tcore; (2) whole-body sweat rate (WBSR); (3) local sweat rate (LSR). The moderating effect of several variables (e.g. training and heat acclimation status), known to influence thermoregulatory function, were assessed via sub-analysis and meta-regression. There was no overall effect of the differing supplement types on WBSR (p = 0.405) and LSR (p = 0.769), despite taurine significantly increasing WBSR (n = 3, Hedges’ g = 0.79, p = 0.006). Peak Tcore was significantly affected by supplement type (p = 0.011), primarily due to caffeine’s small significant positive effect (n = 30; Hedges’ g = 0.44, p < 0.001) and taurine’s (n = 3, Hedges’ g = -0.66, p = 0.043) and oligonol’s (n = 3; Hedges’ g = -0.50, p = 0.014) medium significant negative effects. Dietary supplements, such as amino acids (e.g. taurine), some anti-oxidants and anti-inflammatories (e.g. oligonol) conferred the greatest thermoregulatory benefits during heat exposure. Taurine ingestion in such conditions may lower heat strain, which is likely through its augmentation of thermal sweating. Conversely, caffeine intake may potentially pose the greatest risk in the heat due to its effect on Tcore.
published_date	2025-01-30T08:23:27Z
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score	11.058331

The effect of dietary supplements on core temperature and sweating responses in hot environmental conditions: a meta-analysis and meta-regression

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