An application of hp-version finite element methods to quench simulation in axisymmetric MRI magnets

Miah, M. S.; Ledger, P. D.; Gil, Antonio; Mallett, M.; Ye, T.-Q.

doi:10.1007/s00366-025-02126-y

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An application of hp-version finite element methods to quench simulation in axisymmetric MRI magnets

M. S. Miah, P. D. Ledger, Antonio Gil

, M. Mallett, T.-Q. Ye

Engineering with Computers

Swansea University Author: Antonio Gil

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DOI (Published version): 10.1007/s00366-025-02126-y

Abstract

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scanners employ superconducting magnets to produce a strong uniform magnetic field over the bore of the scanner as part of the imaging process. Superconductors are preferred, as they can generate the required field strengths without electrical resistance, but, to do...

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Published in:	Engineering with Computers
ISSN:	0177-0667 1435-5663
Published:	Springer Nature 2025
Online Access:	Check full text
URI:	https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa68954

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last_indexed	2025-08-02T04:57:39Z
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spelling	2025-08-01T14:51:26.9071001 v2 68954 2025-02-24 An application of hp-version finite element methods to quench simulation in axisymmetric MRI magnets 1f5666865d1c6de9469f8b7d0d6d30e2 0000-0001-7753-1414 Antonio Gil Antonio Gil true false 2025-02-24 ACEM Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scanners employ superconducting magnets to produce a strong uniform magnetic field over the bore of the scanner as part of the imaging process. Superconductors are preferred, as they can generate the required field strengths without electrical resistance, but, to do this, the materials need to be cooled to very low temperatures, typically around 4.2K. However, due to imperfections in the windings, cracks and small air gaps in the epoxy resin between the wires, heating can occur leading to a process known as magnet quench. During magnet quench, the magnet temperature rises quickly, and the magnet loses its superconductivity. This work presents an accurate numerical model for predicting magnet quench for axisymmetric MRI scanners by solving the coupled system of thermal, electromagnetic and circuit equations by means of a high order/hp-version finite element method where regions of high gradients are resolved with boundary layer elements. A series of numerical results are included to demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach. Journal Article Engineering with Computers 0 Springer Nature 0177-0667 1435-5663 Magnet quench; Superconductivity; Coupled physics problem; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; hp-Version finite element method 5 4 2025 2025-04-05 10.1007/s00366-025-02126-y COLLEGE NANME Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, and Mechanical Engineering COLLEGE CODE ACEM Swansea University Another institution paid the OA fee M.S. Miah is grateful to the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (U.K) and Siemens Healthineers for a CASE Award PhD studentship that has supported this work. 2025-08-01T14:51:26.9071001 2025-02-24T14:32:10.8093812 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Electronic and Electrical Engineering M. S. Miah 1 P. D. Ledger 2 Antonio Gil 0000-0001-7753-1414 3 M. Mallett 4 T.-Q. Ye 5 68954__34272__b16b088d293b4e509dc0037f7505c840.pdf 68954.VOR.pdf 2025-05-14T14:54:22.0807791 Output 14040397 application/pdf Version of Record true © The Author(s) 2025. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0). true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title	An application of hp-version finite element methods to quench simulation in axisymmetric MRI magnets
spellingShingle	An application of hp-version finite element methods to quench simulation in axisymmetric MRI magnets Antonio Gil
title_short	An application of hp-version finite element methods to quench simulation in axisymmetric MRI magnets
title_full	An application of hp-version finite element methods to quench simulation in axisymmetric MRI magnets
title_fullStr	An application of hp-version finite element methods to quench simulation in axisymmetric MRI magnets
title_full_unstemmed	An application of hp-version finite element methods to quench simulation in axisymmetric MRI magnets
title_sort	An application of hp-version finite element methods to quench simulation in axisymmetric MRI magnets
author_id_str_mv	1f5666865d1c6de9469f8b7d0d6d30e2
author_id_fullname_str_mv	1f5666865d1c6de9469f8b7d0d6d30e2_***_Antonio Gil
author	Antonio Gil
author2	M. S. Miah P. D. Ledger Antonio Gil M. Mallett T.-Q. Ye
format	Journal article
container_title	Engineering with Computers
container_volume	0
publishDate	2025
institution	Swansea University
issn	0177-0667 1435-5663
doi_str_mv	10.1007/s00366-025-02126-y
publisher	Springer Nature
college_str	Faculty of Science and Engineering
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department_str	School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Electronic and Electrical Engineering{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Electronic and Electrical Engineering
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description	Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scanners employ superconducting magnets to produce a strong uniform magnetic field over the bore of the scanner as part of the imaging process. Superconductors are preferred, as they can generate the required field strengths without electrical resistance, but, to do this, the materials need to be cooled to very low temperatures, typically around 4.2K. However, due to imperfections in the windings, cracks and small air gaps in the epoxy resin between the wires, heating can occur leading to a process known as magnet quench. During magnet quench, the magnet temperature rises quickly, and the magnet loses its superconductivity. This work presents an accurate numerical model for predicting magnet quench for axisymmetric MRI scanners by solving the coupled system of thermal, electromagnetic and circuit equations by means of a high order/hp-version finite element method where regions of high gradients are resolved with boundary layer elements. A series of numerical results are included to demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach.
published_date	2025-04-05T17:49:55Z
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An application of hp-version finite element methods to quench simulation in axisymmetric MRI magnets

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