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Falling and Landing Framework (FLF): A Consensus on a Novel Falling and Landing Video Analysis Framework for Use Across Rugby Codes
,
Shreya McLeod,
Stephen William West,
Danielle Salmon,
Andrew J. Gardner ,
Isla J. Shill,
Janelle Romanchuk,
Kathryn Dane ,
Matthew Kitchin,
Ben Jones ,
Kelly Mackintosh ,
Chelsea Starbuck ,
Sharief Hendricks ,
Gemma Philips,
Sam Jones,
Gregory Tierney,
Melitta McNarry
European Journal of Sport Science, Volume: 25, Issue: 8
Swansea University Authors:
Kelly Mackintosh , Chelsea Starbuck , Melitta McNarry
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© 2025 The Author(s). This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.
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DOI (Published version): 10.1002/ejsc.70015
Abstract
Understanding how players experience head-acceleration events (HAE) whilst playing rugby is a priority area of research. In both rugby union and league, video analysis frameworks have been developed to comprehensively define key features of contact events. However, these frameworks were developed pr...
| Published in: | European Journal of Sport Science |
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| ISSN: | 1746-1391 1536-7290 |
| Published: |
Wiley
2025
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| Online Access: |
Check full text
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| URI: | https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa69843 |
| Abstract: |
Understanding how players experience head-acceleration events (HAE) whilst playing rugby is a priority area of research. In both rugby union and league, video analysis frameworks have been developed to comprehensively define key features of contact events. However, these frameworks were developed prior to recent advances in our understanding regarding the proportion of HAEs that occur due to head-to-ground mechanisms and do not consider important post-contact variables. Therefore, there is a need to supplement the existing frameworks in order to capture how players fall and land post-tackle. This study used the Delphi method with an interdisciplinary, international team of researchers, coaches, and video analysts (working with a variety of playing levels in rugby union and league) to establish a consensus for defining falling and landing events. Subsequently, a draft framework was developed on which the research team provided feedback via online meetings, culminating in the Falling/Landing Framework that each member of the research team rated agreement on, via a 9-point Likert-type scale, with consensus deemed to be reached when the median score was ≥ 7. The median scores were 8.0 (7.8 - 8.0), 8.0 (7.0 - 9.0), and 8.0 (8.0 - 9.0) for ‘Additional Contextual Characteristics for Carry and Tackle Events,’ ‘Falling Characteristics of Tackle and Carry Events,’ and ‘Landing Characteristics of Tackle and Carry Events,’ respectively. This novel framework defines more comprehensive falling and landing variables to capture post-contact injury and performance markers in both rugby union and league, through a standardised approach. |
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| Keywords: |
analysis; game analysis; injury and prevention; team sport |
| College: |
Faculty of Science and Engineering |
| Funders: |
The authors received no specific funding for this work. |
| Issue: |
8 |