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A review of non-edible indigenous seeds feedstock in Bangladesh for biodiesel: Production, fuel properties and combustions performance

Ehsanul Hoque Orcid Logo, Md Ismail Hossen Emon, Md Tawfiq Anik, Mohammad Ariful Islam, Ikramul Hasan, Tanvir Ahmed, Zia Ullah Arif, Mokarram Hossain Orcid Logo, Mohammad Ismail Orcid Logo

Green Technologies and Sustainability, Volume: 3, Issue: 4, Start page: 100240

Swansea University Author: Mokarram Hossain Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1016/j.grets.2025.100240

Abstract

The demand for energy has been escalating daily due to rapid population growth and economic expansion. Heavy reliance on non-renewable energy sources causes significant environmental harm and results in high costs, making renewable resources essential. Biodiesel, a non-toxic and environmentally frie...

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Published in: Green Technologies and Sustainability
ISSN: 2949-7361
Published: Elsevier BV 2025
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa69960
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It is derived from renewable sources such as palm oil, animal fats, and non-edible seeds. Biodiesel offers notable benefits, including reduced generation of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and hazardous air pollutants. Despite these advantages, widespread adoption of biodiesel remains challenging. This study explores the various non-edible seeds obtained from indigenous plants in Bangladesh, physico-chemical properties of these extracted oil, biodiesel production, and their engine performance study. Among the reported fifteen seeds, the oil content was found to be the highest in Eucalyptus seed (50%&#x2013;60%), followed by Jatropha, Rubber, Mahua and so on. Stearic acid (C18:0), Oleic acid (C18:1) and Linoleic acid (C18:2) were commonly found in all the seeds whereas the maximum content of palmitic acid and Oleic acid was found in cotton seed oil. The biodiesel yield during the trans-esterification process was found about 95%. A Biodiesel blend of 15%&#x2013;20% with commercial diesel was found acceptable for smooth performance of the existing engines. 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spelling 2025-09-04T10:15:46.1556420 v2 69960 2025-07-14 A review of non-edible indigenous seeds feedstock in Bangladesh for biodiesel: Production, fuel properties and combustions performance 140f4aa5c5ec18ec173c8542a7fddafd 0000-0002-4616-1104 Mokarram Hossain Mokarram Hossain true false 2025-07-14 ACEM The demand for energy has been escalating daily due to rapid population growth and economic expansion. Heavy reliance on non-renewable energy sources causes significant environmental harm and results in high costs, making renewable resources essential. Biodiesel, a non-toxic and environmentally friendly fuel, closely resembles conventional fossil fuels. It is derived from renewable sources such as palm oil, animal fats, and non-edible seeds. Biodiesel offers notable benefits, including reduced generation of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and hazardous air pollutants. Despite these advantages, widespread adoption of biodiesel remains challenging. This study explores the various non-edible seeds obtained from indigenous plants in Bangladesh, physico-chemical properties of these extracted oil, biodiesel production, and their engine performance study. Among the reported fifteen seeds, the oil content was found to be the highest in Eucalyptus seed (50%–60%), followed by Jatropha, Rubber, Mahua and so on. Stearic acid (C18:0), Oleic acid (C18:1) and Linoleic acid (C18:2) were commonly found in all the seeds whereas the maximum content of palmitic acid and Oleic acid was found in cotton seed oil. The biodiesel yield during the trans-esterification process was found about 95%. A Biodiesel blend of 15%–20% with commercial diesel was found acceptable for smooth performance of the existing engines. The emission of CO, hydrocarbons, smokes etc. reduced by 10%–50% while using biodiesel blend whereas the emissions of CO2 and in some cases, NOx increased by 10%–20% more than that of the commercial diesel. Journal Article Green Technologies and Sustainability 3 4 100240 Elsevier BV 2949-7361 Biodiesel; Transesterification; Green house gas emissions; Combustion engine; Cetane number 1 10 2025 2025-10-01 10.1016/j.grets.2025.100240 COLLEGE NANME Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, and Mechanical Engineering COLLEGE CODE ACEM Swansea University University of Dhaka Research Grant (Project No. Registrar/Admin-3/89590; Dated: 05/06/202); GARE Project (Project No. : - ET-2022-2135;2022–2025); Ministry of Education, Bangladesh. 2025-09-04T10:15:46.1556420 2025-07-14T16:00:24.2269126 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Mechanical Engineering Ehsanul Hoque 0000-0002-9787-8674 1 Md Ismail Hossen Emon 2 Md Tawfiq Anik 3 Mohammad Ariful Islam 4 Ikramul Hasan 5 Tanvir Ahmed 6 Zia Ullah Arif 7 Mokarram Hossain 0000-0002-4616-1104 8 Mohammad Ismail 0000-0003-2330-1546 9 69960__34758__a6c9af29b1084bc8a9da5fd311cf26d8.pdf 69960.pdf 2025-07-14T16:04:06.0519824 Output 3678505 application/pdf Version of Record true © 2025 The Authors. This is an open access article under the CC BY license. true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title A review of non-edible indigenous seeds feedstock in Bangladesh for biodiesel: Production, fuel properties and combustions performance
spellingShingle A review of non-edible indigenous seeds feedstock in Bangladesh for biodiesel: Production, fuel properties and combustions performance
Mokarram Hossain
title_short A review of non-edible indigenous seeds feedstock in Bangladesh for biodiesel: Production, fuel properties and combustions performance
title_full A review of non-edible indigenous seeds feedstock in Bangladesh for biodiesel: Production, fuel properties and combustions performance
title_fullStr A review of non-edible indigenous seeds feedstock in Bangladesh for biodiesel: Production, fuel properties and combustions performance
title_full_unstemmed A review of non-edible indigenous seeds feedstock in Bangladesh for biodiesel: Production, fuel properties and combustions performance
title_sort A review of non-edible indigenous seeds feedstock in Bangladesh for biodiesel: Production, fuel properties and combustions performance
author_id_str_mv 140f4aa5c5ec18ec173c8542a7fddafd
author_id_fullname_str_mv 140f4aa5c5ec18ec173c8542a7fddafd_***_Mokarram Hossain
author Mokarram Hossain
author2 Ehsanul Hoque
Md Ismail Hossen Emon
Md Tawfiq Anik
Mohammad Ariful Islam
Ikramul Hasan
Tanvir Ahmed
Zia Ullah Arif
Mokarram Hossain
Mohammad Ismail
format Journal article
container_title Green Technologies and Sustainability
container_volume 3
container_issue 4
container_start_page 100240
publishDate 2025
institution Swansea University
issn 2949-7361
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.grets.2025.100240
publisher Elsevier BV
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
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hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Mechanical Engineering{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Mechanical Engineering
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description The demand for energy has been escalating daily due to rapid population growth and economic expansion. Heavy reliance on non-renewable energy sources causes significant environmental harm and results in high costs, making renewable resources essential. Biodiesel, a non-toxic and environmentally friendly fuel, closely resembles conventional fossil fuels. It is derived from renewable sources such as palm oil, animal fats, and non-edible seeds. Biodiesel offers notable benefits, including reduced generation of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and hazardous air pollutants. Despite these advantages, widespread adoption of biodiesel remains challenging. This study explores the various non-edible seeds obtained from indigenous plants in Bangladesh, physico-chemical properties of these extracted oil, biodiesel production, and their engine performance study. Among the reported fifteen seeds, the oil content was found to be the highest in Eucalyptus seed (50%–60%), followed by Jatropha, Rubber, Mahua and so on. Stearic acid (C18:0), Oleic acid (C18:1) and Linoleic acid (C18:2) were commonly found in all the seeds whereas the maximum content of palmitic acid and Oleic acid was found in cotton seed oil. The biodiesel yield during the trans-esterification process was found about 95%. A Biodiesel blend of 15%–20% with commercial diesel was found acceptable for smooth performance of the existing engines. The emission of CO, hydrocarbons, smokes etc. reduced by 10%–50% while using biodiesel blend whereas the emissions of CO2 and in some cases, NOx increased by 10%–20% more than that of the commercial diesel.
published_date 2025-10-01T05:29:02Z
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