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Educational attainment of children with self-limited epilepsy with CentroTemporal spikes (SELECTS), other epilepsies, and without epilepsy: A retrospective cohort study

Arron Lacey Orcid Logo, Carys Jones, Christopher J Weir Orcid Logo, Jacqueline Stephen Orcid Logo, Owen Pickrell Orcid Logo, Richard F Chin Orcid Logo

Seizure: European Journal of Epilepsy, Volume: 134, Pages: 134 - 138

Swansea University Authors: Arron Lacey Orcid Logo, Carys Jones, Owen Pickrell Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1016/j.seizure.2025.11.009

Abstract

Background: Children with epilepsy may have poorer educational outcomes—this may not be true for all epilepsy syndromes. We investigate educational attainment of children with Self-Limited Epilepsy with CentroTemporal Spikes (SELECTS) in Wales. Method: A retrospective cohort study using routinely-co...

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Published in: Seizure: European Journal of Epilepsy
ISSN: 1059-1311 1532-2688
Published: Elsevier BV 2026
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa70882
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We investigate educational attainment of children with Self-Limited Epilepsy with CentroTemporal Spikes (SELECTS) in Wales. Method: A retrospective cohort study using routinely-collected data for children in Wales. We used primary care diagnosis codes to identify children (0&#x2013;16 years) with SELECTS, other epilepsies, and children without epilepsy (comparators). We linked these records to Key Stage (KS) 2, 3 and 4 (ages 11,14, and 16) national educational test results (2003&#x2013;2021). We performed logistic regression to analyse attainment (proportion achieving required attainment) in children with SELECTS, other epilepsies, and comparators. Results: At KS 2,3 and 4: 101,92 and 81 children with SELECTS were matched to 299,274 and 243 children with other epilepsies and comparators. A lower proportion of the SELECTS and other epilepsies groups achieved required attainment than the comparators across all key stages.After adjusting for sex, deprivation, year of study and Anti-Seizure Medications (ASM), children with SELECTS had similar achievement to comparators in KS2 and KS3:adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR,[95 %CI]) for achieving requirement:KS2:aOR=0.97[0.87&#x2013;1.09];KS3:aOR=0.99[0.88&#x2013;1.10]; but slightly reduced KS4 achievement:aOR=0.89,[0.80&#x2013;1.00]. Children with other epilepsies were significantly less likely to achieve the requirement than comparators:KS2:aOR=0.79[0.72&#x2013;0.87], KS3:aOR=0.78[0.71&#x2013;0.86],KS4:aOR=0.72[0.65&#x2013;0.80]. Conclusions: There was a trend for poorer educational achievement for children with SELECTS at KS4; this was only borderline statistically significant in the adjusted model. 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spelling 2025-12-15T14:39:48.9930153 v2 70882 2025-11-12 Educational attainment of children with self-limited epilepsy with CentroTemporal spikes (SELECTS), other epilepsies, and without epilepsy: A retrospective cohort study b69d245574e754d2637cc9e76379fe11 0000-0001-7983-8073 Arron Lacey Arron Lacey true false 76dda5f486b0236c893f46dfb9fa2cd0 Carys Jones Carys Jones true false 1c3044b5ff7a6552ff5e8c9e3901c807 0000-0003-4396-5657 Owen Pickrell Owen Pickrell true false 2025-11-12 MEDS Background: Children with epilepsy may have poorer educational outcomes—this may not be true for all epilepsy syndromes. We investigate educational attainment of children with Self-Limited Epilepsy with CentroTemporal Spikes (SELECTS) in Wales. Method: A retrospective cohort study using routinely-collected data for children in Wales. We used primary care diagnosis codes to identify children (0–16 years) with SELECTS, other epilepsies, and children without epilepsy (comparators). We linked these records to Key Stage (KS) 2, 3 and 4 (ages 11,14, and 16) national educational test results (2003–2021). We performed logistic regression to analyse attainment (proportion achieving required attainment) in children with SELECTS, other epilepsies, and comparators. Results: At KS 2,3 and 4: 101,92 and 81 children with SELECTS were matched to 299,274 and 243 children with other epilepsies and comparators. A lower proportion of the SELECTS and other epilepsies groups achieved required attainment than the comparators across all key stages.After adjusting for sex, deprivation, year of study and Anti-Seizure Medications (ASM), children with SELECTS had similar achievement to comparators in KS2 and KS3:adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR,[95 %CI]) for achieving requirement:KS2:aOR=0.97[0.87–1.09];KS3:aOR=0.99[0.88–1.10]; but slightly reduced KS4 achievement:aOR=0.89,[0.80–1.00]. Children with other epilepsies were significantly less likely to achieve the requirement than comparators:KS2:aOR=0.79[0.72–0.87], KS3:aOR=0.78[0.71–0.86],KS4:aOR=0.72[0.65–0.80]. Conclusions: There was a trend for poorer educational achievement for children with SELECTS at KS4; this was only borderline statistically significant in the adjusted model. Children with other epilepsies had an increased risk of poorer attainment across all ages when compared to children without epilepsy. Journal Article Seizure: European Journal of Epilepsy 134 134 138 Elsevier BV 1059-1311 1532-2688 Epilepsy; Self-limited epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (SELECTS); Educational attainment; Children; Routinely-collected data; Rolandic epilepsy; Childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (CECTS) 1 1 2026 2026-01-01 10.1016/j.seizure.2025.11.009 COLLEGE NANME Medical School COLLEGE CODE MEDS Swansea University SU Library paid the OA fee (TA Institutional Deal) This work was supported by the Waterloo Foundation. 2025-12-15T14:39:48.9930153 2025-11-12T10:10:13.4365910 Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences Swansea University Medical School - Health Data Science Arron Lacey 0000-0001-7983-8073 1 Carys Jones 2 Christopher J Weir 0000-0002-6494-4903 3 Jacqueline Stephen 0000-0003-4997-3017 4 Owen Pickrell 0000-0003-4396-5657 5 Richard F Chin 0000-0002-7256-3027 6 70882__35824__36636abe7bb14b63a9d4c02649abb91e.pdf 70882.VOR.pdf 2025-12-15T14:37:32.1149206 Output 726483 application/pdf Version of Record true © 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of British Epilepsy Association. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons CC-BY license. true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title Educational attainment of children with self-limited epilepsy with CentroTemporal spikes (SELECTS), other epilepsies, and without epilepsy: A retrospective cohort study
spellingShingle Educational attainment of children with self-limited epilepsy with CentroTemporal spikes (SELECTS), other epilepsies, and without epilepsy: A retrospective cohort study
Arron Lacey
Carys Jones
Owen Pickrell
title_short Educational attainment of children with self-limited epilepsy with CentroTemporal spikes (SELECTS), other epilepsies, and without epilepsy: A retrospective cohort study
title_full Educational attainment of children with self-limited epilepsy with CentroTemporal spikes (SELECTS), other epilepsies, and without epilepsy: A retrospective cohort study
title_fullStr Educational attainment of children with self-limited epilepsy with CentroTemporal spikes (SELECTS), other epilepsies, and without epilepsy: A retrospective cohort study
title_full_unstemmed Educational attainment of children with self-limited epilepsy with CentroTemporal spikes (SELECTS), other epilepsies, and without epilepsy: A retrospective cohort study
title_sort Educational attainment of children with self-limited epilepsy with CentroTemporal spikes (SELECTS), other epilepsies, and without epilepsy: A retrospective cohort study
author_id_str_mv b69d245574e754d2637cc9e76379fe11
76dda5f486b0236c893f46dfb9fa2cd0
1c3044b5ff7a6552ff5e8c9e3901c807
author_id_fullname_str_mv b69d245574e754d2637cc9e76379fe11_***_Arron Lacey
76dda5f486b0236c893f46dfb9fa2cd0_***_Carys Jones
1c3044b5ff7a6552ff5e8c9e3901c807_***_Owen Pickrell
author Arron Lacey
Carys Jones
Owen Pickrell
author2 Arron Lacey
Carys Jones
Christopher J Weir
Jacqueline Stephen
Owen Pickrell
Richard F Chin
format Journal article
container_title Seizure: European Journal of Epilepsy
container_volume 134
container_start_page 134
publishDate 2026
institution Swansea University
issn 1059-1311
1532-2688
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.seizure.2025.11.009
publisher Elsevier BV
college_str Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
department_str Swansea University Medical School - Health Data Science{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences{{{_:::_}}}Swansea University Medical School - Health Data Science
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description Background: Children with epilepsy may have poorer educational outcomes—this may not be true for all epilepsy syndromes. We investigate educational attainment of children with Self-Limited Epilepsy with CentroTemporal Spikes (SELECTS) in Wales. Method: A retrospective cohort study using routinely-collected data for children in Wales. We used primary care diagnosis codes to identify children (0–16 years) with SELECTS, other epilepsies, and children without epilepsy (comparators). We linked these records to Key Stage (KS) 2, 3 and 4 (ages 11,14, and 16) national educational test results (2003–2021). We performed logistic regression to analyse attainment (proportion achieving required attainment) in children with SELECTS, other epilepsies, and comparators. Results: At KS 2,3 and 4: 101,92 and 81 children with SELECTS were matched to 299,274 and 243 children with other epilepsies and comparators. A lower proportion of the SELECTS and other epilepsies groups achieved required attainment than the comparators across all key stages.After adjusting for sex, deprivation, year of study and Anti-Seizure Medications (ASM), children with SELECTS had similar achievement to comparators in KS2 and KS3:adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR,[95 %CI]) for achieving requirement:KS2:aOR=0.97[0.87–1.09];KS3:aOR=0.99[0.88–1.10]; but slightly reduced KS4 achievement:aOR=0.89,[0.80–1.00]. Children with other epilepsies were significantly less likely to achieve the requirement than comparators:KS2:aOR=0.79[0.72–0.87], KS3:aOR=0.78[0.71–0.86],KS4:aOR=0.72[0.65–0.80]. Conclusions: There was a trend for poorer educational achievement for children with SELECTS at KS4; this was only borderline statistically significant in the adjusted model. Children with other epilepsies had an increased risk of poorer attainment across all ages when compared to children without epilepsy.
published_date 2026-01-01T05:32:38Z
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