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Qualitative exploration of gambling harm among UK veterans: normalisation, stigma and postservice escalation
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Adanma Ekenna ,
Hillary Engward,
Lauren R Godier-McBard,
Chris Kay,
Thomas Kersey,
Matt Fossey,
Simon Dymond
BMJ Open, Volume: 16, Issue: 3, Start page: e109458
Swansea University Authors:
Dana Dekel , Adanma Ekenna , Simon Dymond
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© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported (CC BY 4.0) license.
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DOI (Published version): 10.1136/bmjopen-2025-109458
Abstract
Objective: This study explored the lived experiences of UK Armed Forces veterans affected by gambling-related harm. It examined how military culture, institutional practices and life transitions shaped gambling behaviours, barriers to help-seeking and the long-term impact on well-being. While quanti...
| Published in: | BMJ Open |
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| ISSN: | 2044-6055 2044-6055 |
| Published: |
BMJ Publishing Group Ltd.
2026
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| Online Access: |
Check full text
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| URI: | https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa71597 |
| Abstract: |
Objective: This study explored the lived experiences of UK Armed Forces veterans affected by gambling-related harm. It examined how military culture, institutional practices and life transitions shaped gambling behaviours, barriers to help-seeking and the long-term impact on well-being. While quantitative research has documented elevated gambling-related harm among veterans, little qualitative work has examined how veterans themselves understand, experience and navigate gambling harm across military and post-military contexts. Design: Reflexive thematic analysis of one-to-one semistructured interviews, covering topics such as the nature of participants’ gambling activities, the impact on their lives, pathways to gambling behaviours and help-seeking. Participants: Participants were UK veterans (n=14), aged 31–60, including one female, from three service branches, all of whom self-identified as having experienced gambling-related harm. Results: Four interrelated themes were generated: (1) Gambling as normalised in both civilian and military contexts, reinforced by institutional routines and downtime activities; (2) Gambling as an emotional coping mechanism, shaped by institutional norms of stoicism and emotional control; (3) Stigma, silence and structural barriers to help-seeking, including fears of professional repercussions and (4) Escalation postdischarge, driven by isolation, unstructured time, digital gambling access and difficulties adjusting to civilian life. Participants reported concealment, debt and relational breakdowns, with some disclosing suicidal ideation linked to gambling harm. Conclusions: Gambling harm among UK veterans is shaped by a complex interplay of cultural, emotional and institutional factors. While gambling opportunities are embedded in military life, systems of support remain inconsistent and often punitive. Gambling remains under-recognised as a serious mental health issue within military and veteran care pathways. Findings highlight the need for stigma-free, culturally informed interventions across the military life cycle, including routine screening, gambling harm education and trauma-informed care. |
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| College: |
Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences |
| Funders: |
Gambling Commission |
| Issue: |
3 |
| Start Page: |
e109458 |