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Staff–pupil SARS-CoV-2 infection pathways in schools in Wales: a population-level linked data approach

Daniel Thompson, Hoda Abbasizanjani Orcid Logo, Rich Fry Orcid Logo, Emily Marchant Orcid Logo, Lucy Griffiths Orcid Logo, Ashley Akbari Orcid Logo, Joe Hollinghurst, Laura North, Jane Lyons, Fatemeh Torabi Orcid Logo, Gareth Davies Orcid Logo, Michael Gravenor Orcid Logo, Ronan Lyons Orcid Logo

BMJ Paediatrics Open, Volume: 5, Issue: 1, Start page: e001049

Swansea University Authors: Daniel Thompson, Hoda Abbasizanjani Orcid Logo, Rich Fry Orcid Logo, Emily Marchant Orcid Logo, Lucy Griffiths Orcid Logo, Ashley Akbari Orcid Logo, Joe Hollinghurst, Laura North, Jane Lyons, Fatemeh Torabi Orcid Logo, Gareth Davies Orcid Logo, Michael Gravenor Orcid Logo, Ronan Lyons Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1136/bmjpo-2021-001049

Abstract

Background: Better understanding of the role that children and school staff play in the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is essential to guide policy development on controlling infection while minimising disruption to children’s education and well-being.Methods: Our national e-cohort (n=464531) study used...

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Published in: BMJ Paediatrics Open
ISSN: 2399-9772
Published: BMJ 2021
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We estimated the odds of testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection for staff and pupils over the period August&#x2013; December 2020, dependent on measures of recent exposure to known cases linked to their educational settings.Results: The total number of cases in a school was not associated with a subsequent increase in the odds of testing positive (staff OR per case: 0.92, 95%&#x2009;CI 0.85 to 1.00; pupil OR per case: 0.98, 95%&#x2009;CI 0.93 to 1.02). Among pupils, the number of recent cases within the same year group was significantly associated with subsequent increased odds of testing positive (OR per case: 1.12, 95%&#x2009;CI 1.08 to 1.15). These effects were adjusted for a range of demographic covariates, and in particular any known cases within the same household, which had the strongest association with testing positive (staff OR: 39.86, 95%&#x2009;CI 35.01 to 45.38; pupil OR: 9.39, 95%&#x2009;CI 8.94 to 9.88).Conclusions: In a national school cohort, the odds of staff testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection were not significantly increased in the 14-day period after case detection in the school. However, pupils were found to be at increased odds, following cases appearing within their own year group, where most of their contacts occur. Strong mitigation measures over the whole of the study period may have reduced wider spread within the school environment.</abstract><type>Journal Article</type><journal>BMJ Paediatrics Open</journal><volume>5</volume><journalNumber>1</journalNumber><paginationStart>e001049</paginationStart><paginationEnd/><publisher>BMJ</publisher><placeOfPublication/><isbnPrint/><isbnElectronic/><issnPrint/><issnElectronic>2399-9772</issnElectronic><keywords/><publishedDay>10</publishedDay><publishedMonth>5</publishedMonth><publishedYear>2021</publishedYear><publishedDate>2021-05-10</publishedDate><doi>10.1136/bmjpo-2021-001049</doi><url/><notes/><college>COLLEGE NANME</college><department>Science and Engineering - Faculty</department><CollegeCode>COLLEGE CODE</CollegeCode><DepartmentCode>FGSEN</DepartmentCode><institution>Swansea University</institution><apcterm>Other</apcterm><funders>This work was supported by the Medical Research Council (grant number: MR/V028367/1); Health Data Research UK (grant number: HDR-9006), which receives its funding from the UK Medical Research Council, Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, Economic and Social Research Council, Department of Health and Social Care (England), Chief Scientist Office of the Scottish Government Health and Social Care Directorates, Health and Social Care Research and Development Division (Welsh Government), Public Health Agency (Northern Ireland), British Heart Foundation (BHF) and the Wellcome Trust; and Administrative Data Research UK, which is funded by the Economic and Social Research Council (grant number: ES/S007393/1).</funders><projectreference/><lastEdited>2022-10-26T16:15:14.4744736</lastEdited><Created>2021-05-11T14:43:56.2268333</Created><path><level id="1">Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences</level><level id="2">Swansea University Medical School - Medicine</level></path><authors><author><firstname>Daniel</firstname><surname>Thompson</surname><order>1</order></author><author><firstname>Hoda</firstname><surname>Abbasizanjani</surname><orcid>0000-0002-9575-4758</orcid><order>2</order></author><author><firstname>Rich</firstname><surname>Fry</surname><orcid>0000-0002-7968-6679</orcid><order>3</order></author><author><firstname>Emily</firstname><surname>Marchant</surname><orcid>0000-0002-9701-5991</orcid><order>4</order></author><author><firstname>Lucy</firstname><surname>Griffiths</surname><orcid>0000-0001-9230-624X</orcid><order>5</order></author><author><firstname>Ashley</firstname><surname>Akbari</surname><orcid>0000-0003-0814-0801</orcid><order>6</order></author><author><firstname>Joe</firstname><surname>Hollinghurst</surname><order>7</order></author><author><firstname>Laura</firstname><surname>North</surname><order>8</order></author><author><firstname>Jane</firstname><surname>Lyons</surname><orcid/><order>9</order></author><author><firstname>Fatemeh</firstname><surname>Torabi</surname><orcid>0000-0002-5853-4625</orcid><order>10</order></author><author><firstname>Gareth</firstname><surname>Davies</surname><orcid>0000-0001-9005-1618</orcid><order>11</order></author><author><firstname>Michael</firstname><surname>Gravenor</surname><orcid>0000-0003-0710-0947</orcid><order>12</order></author><author><firstname>Ronan</firstname><surname>Lyons</surname><orcid>0000-0001-5225-000X</orcid><order>13</order></author></authors><documents><document><filename>56848__19984__135be81e8f2f47fe9381cf5698a67831.pdf</filename><originalFilename>56848.pdf</originalFilename><uploaded>2021-05-24T14:21:24.0272800</uploaded><type>Output</type><contentLength>418581</contentLength><contentType>application/pdf</contentType><version>Version of Record</version><cronfaStatus>true</cronfaStatus><documentNotes>&#xA9; Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. 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spelling 2022-10-26T16:15:14.4744736 v2 56848 2021-05-11 Staff–pupil SARS-CoV-2 infection pathways in schools in Wales: a population-level linked data approach 6c8a74cee1795e4ee45ee13cf5393186 Daniel Thompson Daniel Thompson true false 93dd7e747f3118a99566c68592a3ddcc 0000-0002-9575-4758 Hoda Abbasizanjani Hoda Abbasizanjani true false d499b898d447b62c81b2c122598870e0 0000-0002-7968-6679 Rich Fry Rich Fry true false d68adb6744707b3bd75e07bd334d0516 0000-0002-9701-5991 Emily Marchant Emily Marchant true false e35ea6ea4b429e812ef204b048131d93 0000-0001-9230-624X Lucy Griffiths Lucy Griffiths true false aa1b025ec0243f708bb5eb0a93d6fb52 0000-0003-0814-0801 Ashley Akbari Ashley Akbari true false d7c51b69270b644a11b904629fe56ab0 Joe Hollinghurst Joe Hollinghurst true false a255822cf77a0184cb6922e9fbea39e9 Laura North Laura North true false 1b74fa5125a88451c52c45bcf20e0b47 Jane Lyons Jane Lyons true false f569591e1bfb0e405b8091f99fec45d3 0000-0002-5853-4625 Fatemeh Torabi Fatemeh Torabi true false 98490239b86cc892a382416d048cdb3c 0000-0001-9005-1618 Gareth Davies Gareth Davies true false 70a544476ce62ba78502ce463c2500d6 0000-0003-0710-0947 Michael Gravenor Michael Gravenor true false 83efcf2a9dfcf8b55586999d3d152ac6 0000-0001-5225-000X Ronan Lyons Ronan Lyons true false 2021-05-11 FGSEN Background: Better understanding of the role that children and school staff play in the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is essential to guide policy development on controlling infection while minimising disruption to children’s education and well-being.Methods: Our national e-cohort (n=464531) study used anonymised linked data for pupils, staff and associated households linked via educational settings in Wales. We estimated the odds of testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection for staff and pupils over the period August– December 2020, dependent on measures of recent exposure to known cases linked to their educational settings.Results: The total number of cases in a school was not associated with a subsequent increase in the odds of testing positive (staff OR per case: 0.92, 95% CI 0.85 to 1.00; pupil OR per case: 0.98, 95% CI 0.93 to 1.02). Among pupils, the number of recent cases within the same year group was significantly associated with subsequent increased odds of testing positive (OR per case: 1.12, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.15). These effects were adjusted for a range of demographic covariates, and in particular any known cases within the same household, which had the strongest association with testing positive (staff OR: 39.86, 95% CI 35.01 to 45.38; pupil OR: 9.39, 95% CI 8.94 to 9.88).Conclusions: In a national school cohort, the odds of staff testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection were not significantly increased in the 14-day period after case detection in the school. However, pupils were found to be at increased odds, following cases appearing within their own year group, where most of their contacts occur. Strong mitigation measures over the whole of the study period may have reduced wider spread within the school environment. Journal Article BMJ Paediatrics Open 5 1 e001049 BMJ 2399-9772 10 5 2021 2021-05-10 10.1136/bmjpo-2021-001049 COLLEGE NANME Science and Engineering - Faculty COLLEGE CODE FGSEN Swansea University Other This work was supported by the Medical Research Council (grant number: MR/V028367/1); Health Data Research UK (grant number: HDR-9006), which receives its funding from the UK Medical Research Council, Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, Economic and Social Research Council, Department of Health and Social Care (England), Chief Scientist Office of the Scottish Government Health and Social Care Directorates, Health and Social Care Research and Development Division (Welsh Government), Public Health Agency (Northern Ireland), British Heart Foundation (BHF) and the Wellcome Trust; and Administrative Data Research UK, which is funded by the Economic and Social Research Council (grant number: ES/S007393/1). 2022-10-26T16:15:14.4744736 2021-05-11T14:43:56.2268333 Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences Swansea University Medical School - Medicine Daniel Thompson 1 Hoda Abbasizanjani 0000-0002-9575-4758 2 Rich Fry 0000-0002-7968-6679 3 Emily Marchant 0000-0002-9701-5991 4 Lucy Griffiths 0000-0001-9230-624X 5 Ashley Akbari 0000-0003-0814-0801 6 Joe Hollinghurst 7 Laura North 8 Jane Lyons 9 Fatemeh Torabi 0000-0002-5853-4625 10 Gareth Davies 0000-0001-9005-1618 11 Michael Gravenor 0000-0003-0710-0947 12 Ronan Lyons 0000-0001-5225-000X 13 56848__19984__135be81e8f2f47fe9381cf5698a67831.pdf 56848.pdf 2021-05-24T14:21:24.0272800 Output 418581 application/pdf Version of Record true © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ 113 SAIL Databank Swansea University r.j.fry@swansea.ac.uk false 4
title Staff–pupil SARS-CoV-2 infection pathways in schools in Wales: a population-level linked data approach
spellingShingle Staff–pupil SARS-CoV-2 infection pathways in schools in Wales: a population-level linked data approach
Daniel Thompson
Hoda Abbasizanjani
Rich Fry
Emily Marchant
Lucy Griffiths
Ashley Akbari
Joe Hollinghurst
Laura North
Jane Lyons
Fatemeh Torabi
Gareth Davies
Michael Gravenor
Ronan Lyons
title_short Staff–pupil SARS-CoV-2 infection pathways in schools in Wales: a population-level linked data approach
title_full Staff–pupil SARS-CoV-2 infection pathways in schools in Wales: a population-level linked data approach
title_fullStr Staff–pupil SARS-CoV-2 infection pathways in schools in Wales: a population-level linked data approach
title_full_unstemmed Staff–pupil SARS-CoV-2 infection pathways in schools in Wales: a population-level linked data approach
title_sort Staff–pupil SARS-CoV-2 infection pathways in schools in Wales: a population-level linked data approach
author_id_str_mv 6c8a74cee1795e4ee45ee13cf5393186
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author_id_fullname_str_mv 6c8a74cee1795e4ee45ee13cf5393186_***_Daniel Thompson
93dd7e747f3118a99566c68592a3ddcc_***_Hoda Abbasizanjani
d499b898d447b62c81b2c122598870e0_***_Rich Fry
d68adb6744707b3bd75e07bd334d0516_***_Emily Marchant
e35ea6ea4b429e812ef204b048131d93_***_Lucy Griffiths
aa1b025ec0243f708bb5eb0a93d6fb52_***_Ashley Akbari
d7c51b69270b644a11b904629fe56ab0_***_Joe Hollinghurst
a255822cf77a0184cb6922e9fbea39e9_***_Laura North
1b74fa5125a88451c52c45bcf20e0b47_***_Jane Lyons
f569591e1bfb0e405b8091f99fec45d3_***_Fatemeh Torabi
98490239b86cc892a382416d048cdb3c_***_Gareth Davies
70a544476ce62ba78502ce463c2500d6_***_Michael Gravenor
83efcf2a9dfcf8b55586999d3d152ac6_***_Ronan Lyons
author Daniel Thompson
Hoda Abbasizanjani
Rich Fry
Emily Marchant
Lucy Griffiths
Ashley Akbari
Joe Hollinghurst
Laura North
Jane Lyons
Fatemeh Torabi
Gareth Davies
Michael Gravenor
Ronan Lyons
author2 Daniel Thompson
Hoda Abbasizanjani
Rich Fry
Emily Marchant
Lucy Griffiths
Ashley Akbari
Joe Hollinghurst
Laura North
Jane Lyons
Fatemeh Torabi
Gareth Davies
Michael Gravenor
Ronan Lyons
format Journal article
container_title BMJ Paediatrics Open
container_volume 5
container_issue 1
container_start_page e001049
publishDate 2021
institution Swansea University
issn 2399-9772
doi_str_mv 10.1136/bmjpo-2021-001049
publisher BMJ
college_str Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
department_str Swansea University Medical School - Medicine{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences{{{_:::_}}}Swansea University Medical School - Medicine
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description Background: Better understanding of the role that children and school staff play in the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is essential to guide policy development on controlling infection while minimising disruption to children’s education and well-being.Methods: Our national e-cohort (n=464531) study used anonymised linked data for pupils, staff and associated households linked via educational settings in Wales. We estimated the odds of testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection for staff and pupils over the period August– December 2020, dependent on measures of recent exposure to known cases linked to their educational settings.Results: The total number of cases in a school was not associated with a subsequent increase in the odds of testing positive (staff OR per case: 0.92, 95% CI 0.85 to 1.00; pupil OR per case: 0.98, 95% CI 0.93 to 1.02). Among pupils, the number of recent cases within the same year group was significantly associated with subsequent increased odds of testing positive (OR per case: 1.12, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.15). These effects were adjusted for a range of demographic covariates, and in particular any known cases within the same household, which had the strongest association with testing positive (staff OR: 39.86, 95% CI 35.01 to 45.38; pupil OR: 9.39, 95% CI 8.94 to 9.88).Conclusions: In a national school cohort, the odds of staff testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection were not significantly increased in the 14-day period after case detection in the school. However, pupils were found to be at increased odds, following cases appearing within their own year group, where most of their contacts occur. Strong mitigation measures over the whole of the study period may have reduced wider spread within the school environment.
published_date 2021-05-10T04:12:07Z
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