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“No Chit Chat!” A Warning From a Physical Versus Virtual Robot Invigilator: Which Matters Most?

Muneeb Ahmad Orcid Logo, REEM RAFIK

Frontiers in Robotics and AI, Volume: 9

Swansea University Authors: Muneeb Ahmad Orcid Logo, REEM RAFIK

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DOI (Published version): 10.3389/frobt.2022.908013

Abstract

Past work has not considered social robots as proctors or monitors to prevent cheating or to maintain discipline in the context of exam invigilation with adults. Further, we do not see an investigation into the role of invigilation for the robot presented in two different embodiments (physical v.s....

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Published in: Frontiers in Robotics and AI
ISSN: 2296-9144
Published: Frontiers Media SA 2022
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa60247
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first_indexed 2022-06-15T11:02:34Z
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spelling 2022-10-31T14:42:39.2380078 v2 60247 2022-06-15 “No Chit Chat!” A Warning From a Physical Versus Virtual Robot Invigilator: Which Matters Most? 9c42fd947397b1ad2bfa9107457974d5 0000-0001-8111-9967 Muneeb Ahmad Muneeb Ahmad true false a80a13afc3339eefb0f86c0fcff69e50 REEM RAFIK REEM RAFIK true false 2022-06-15 SCS Past work has not considered social robots as proctors or monitors to prevent cheating or to maintain discipline in the context of exam invigilation with adults. Further, we do not see an investigation into the role of invigilation for the robot presented in two different embodiments (physical v.s. virtual). We demonstrate a system that enables a robot (physical & virtual) to act as an invigilator, and deploy an exam setup with two participants completing a programming task. We conducted two studies (an online video-based survey and an in-person evaluation) to understand participants' perceptions of the invigilator robot presented in two different embodiments. Additionally, we investigated whether participants showed cheating behaviour in one condition more than the other. The findings showed that participants' ratings did not differ significantly. Further, participants were more talkative in the virtual robot condition compared to the physical robot condition. These findings are promising and call for further research into the invigilation role for social robots in more subtle and complex exam-like settings. Journal Article Frontiers in Robotics and AI 9 Frontiers Media SA 2296-9144 Invigilation, human robot interaction, embodiment, virtual agent invigilator, robot invigilator, Educational Robotics 22 7 2022 2022-07-22 10.3389/frobt.2022.908013 The raw data supporting the conclusion of this article will be made available by the authors without undue reservation. COLLEGE NANME Computer Science COLLEGE CODE SCS Swansea University SU College/Department paid the OA fee 2022-10-31T14:42:39.2380078 2022-06-15T11:59:41.1932983 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Mathematics and Computer Science - Computer Science Muneeb Ahmad 0000-0001-8111-9967 1 REEM RAFIK 2 60247__24734__ff685aaa9a494c04a0e045bf7f2a89f6.pdf 60247.pdf 2022-07-25T17:23:07.0083748 Output 1357120 application/pdf Version of Record true © 2022 Ahmad and Refik . This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). true eng https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title “No Chit Chat!” A Warning From a Physical Versus Virtual Robot Invigilator: Which Matters Most?
spellingShingle “No Chit Chat!” A Warning From a Physical Versus Virtual Robot Invigilator: Which Matters Most?
Muneeb Ahmad
REEM RAFIK
title_short “No Chit Chat!” A Warning From a Physical Versus Virtual Robot Invigilator: Which Matters Most?
title_full “No Chit Chat!” A Warning From a Physical Versus Virtual Robot Invigilator: Which Matters Most?
title_fullStr “No Chit Chat!” A Warning From a Physical Versus Virtual Robot Invigilator: Which Matters Most?
title_full_unstemmed “No Chit Chat!” A Warning From a Physical Versus Virtual Robot Invigilator: Which Matters Most?
title_sort “No Chit Chat!” A Warning From a Physical Versus Virtual Robot Invigilator: Which Matters Most?
author_id_str_mv 9c42fd947397b1ad2bfa9107457974d5
a80a13afc3339eefb0f86c0fcff69e50
author_id_fullname_str_mv 9c42fd947397b1ad2bfa9107457974d5_***_Muneeb Ahmad
a80a13afc3339eefb0f86c0fcff69e50_***_REEM RAFIK
author Muneeb Ahmad
REEM RAFIK
author2 Muneeb Ahmad
REEM RAFIK
format Journal article
container_title Frontiers in Robotics and AI
container_volume 9
publishDate 2022
institution Swansea University
issn 2296-9144
doi_str_mv 10.3389/frobt.2022.908013
publisher Frontiers Media SA
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
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hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Mathematics and Computer Science - Computer Science{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Mathematics and Computer Science - Computer Science
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description Past work has not considered social robots as proctors or monitors to prevent cheating or to maintain discipline in the context of exam invigilation with adults. Further, we do not see an investigation into the role of invigilation for the robot presented in two different embodiments (physical v.s. virtual). We demonstrate a system that enables a robot (physical & virtual) to act as an invigilator, and deploy an exam setup with two participants completing a programming task. We conducted two studies (an online video-based survey and an in-person evaluation) to understand participants' perceptions of the invigilator robot presented in two different embodiments. Additionally, we investigated whether participants showed cheating behaviour in one condition more than the other. The findings showed that participants' ratings did not differ significantly. Further, participants were more talkative in the virtual robot condition compared to the physical robot condition. These findings are promising and call for further research into the invigilation role for social robots in more subtle and complex exam-like settings.
published_date 2022-07-22T04:18:12Z
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score 10.998116

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