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Defining Terms Used for Animals Working in Support Roles for People with Support Needs
Animals, Volume: 12, Issue: 15, Start page: 1975
Swansea University Author: Helen Lewis
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DOI (Published version): 10.3390/ani12151975
Abstract
The nomenclature used to describe animals working in roles supporting people can be confusing. The same term may be used to describe different roles, or two terms may mean the same thing. This confusion is evident among researchers, practitioners, and end users. Because certain animal roles are prov...
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2022
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<?xml version="1.0"?><rfc1807><datestamp>2022-08-25T15:30:11.9591201</datestamp><bib-version>v2</bib-version><id>60735</id><entry>2022-08-04</entry><title>Defining Terms Used for Animals Working in Support Roles for People with Support Needs</title><swanseaauthors><author><sid>daebf144a10dc3164bff6ec1800d66d3</sid><ORCID>0000-0003-4329-913X</ORCID><firstname>Helen</firstname><surname>Lewis</surname><name>Helen Lewis</name><active>true</active><ethesisStudent>false</ethesisStudent></author></swanseaauthors><date>2022-08-04</date><deptcode>EDUC</deptcode><abstract>The nomenclature used to describe animals working in roles supporting people can be confusing. The same term may be used to describe different roles, or two terms may mean the same thing. This confusion is evident among researchers, practitioners, and end users. Because certain animal roles are provided with legal protections and/or government-funding support in some jurisdictions, it is necessary to clearly define the existing terms to avoid confusion. The aim of this paper is to provide operationalized definitions for nine terms, which would be useful in many world regions: “assistance animal”, “companion animal”, “educational/school support animal”, “emotional support animal”, “facility animal”, “service animal”, “skilled companion animal”, “therapy animal”, and “visiting/visitation animal”. At the International Society for Anthrozoology (ISAZ) conferences in 2018 and 2020, over 100 delegates participated in workshops to define these terms, many of whom co-authored this paper. Through an iterative process, we have defined the nine terms and explained how they differ from each other. We recommend phasing out two terms (i.e., “skilled companion animal” and “service animal”) due to overlap with other terms that could potentially exacerbate confusion. The implications for several regions of the world are discussed.</abstract><type>Journal Article</type><journal>Animals</journal><volume>12</volume><journalNumber>15</journalNumber><paginationStart>1975</paginationStart><paginationEnd/><publisher>MDPI AG</publisher><placeOfPublication/><isbnPrint/><isbnElectronic/><issnPrint/><issnElectronic>2076-2615</issnElectronic><keywords>companion animal; assistance animal; service animal; facility animal; therapy animal;emotional support animal; educational support animal; visiting animal; human–animal interaction</keywords><publishedDay>4</publishedDay><publishedMonth>8</publishedMonth><publishedYear>2022</publishedYear><publishedDate>2022-08-04</publishedDate><doi>10.3390/ani12151975</doi><url/><notes>This paper included contributions from 77 international colleagues</notes><college>COLLEGE NANME</college><department>Education</department><CollegeCode>COLLEGE CODE</CollegeCode><DepartmentCode>EDUC</DepartmentCode><institution>Swansea University</institution><apcterm>Another institution paid the OA fee</apcterm><funders>This research received no external funding.</funders><projectreference/><lastEdited>2022-08-25T15:30:11.9591201</lastEdited><Created>2022-08-04T18:36:01.5483843</Created><path><level id="1">Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences</level><level id="2">School of Social Sciences - Education and Childhood Studies</level></path><authors><author><firstname>Tiffani J.</firstname><surname>Howell</surname><orcid>0000-0002-4932-5792</orcid><order>1</order></author><author><firstname>Leanne</firstname><surname>Nieforth</surname><orcid>0000-0003-0281-2072</orcid><order>2</order></author><author><firstname>Clare</firstname><surname>Thomas-Pino</surname><order>3</order></author><author><firstname>Lauren</firstname><surname>Samet</surname><orcid>0000-0003-3325-6056</orcid><order>4</order></author><author><firstname>Sunday</firstname><surname>Agbonika</surname><order>5</order></author><author><firstname>Francisca</firstname><surname>Cuevas-Pavincich</surname><orcid>0000-0003-4456-3270</orcid><order>6</order></author><author><firstname>Nina Ekholm</firstname><surname>Fry</surname><order>7</order></author><author><firstname>Kristine</firstname><surname>Hill</surname><orcid>0000-0002-3429-5818</orcid><order>8</order></author><author><firstname>Brinda</firstname><surname>Jegatheesan</surname><order>9</order></author><author><firstname>Miki</firstname><surname>Kakinuma</surname><orcid>0000-0001-8721-9029</orcid><order>10</order></author><author><firstname>Maureen</firstname><surname>MacNamara</surname><order>11</order></author><author><firstname>Sanna</firstname><surname>Mattila-Rautiainen</surname><order>12</order></author><author><firstname>Andy</firstname><surname>Perry</surname><order>13</order></author><author><firstname>Christine Y.</firstname><surname>Tardif-Williams</surname><orcid>0000-0002-3581-6312</orcid><order>14</order></author><author><firstname>Elizabeth Ann</firstname><surname>Walsh</surname><orcid>0000-0002-7277-0325</orcid><order>15</order></author><author><firstname>Melissa</firstname><surname>Winkle</surname><orcid>0000-0003-0326-1188</orcid><order>16</order></author><author><firstname>Mariko</firstname><surname>Yamamoto</surname><order>17</order></author><author><firstname>Rachel</firstname><surname>Yerbury</surname><orcid>0000-0001-9498-5047</orcid><order>18</order></author><author><firstname>Vijay</firstname><surname>Rawat</surname><order>19</order></author><author><firstname>Kathy</firstname><surname>Alm</surname><order>20</order></author><author><firstname>Ashley</firstname><surname>Avci</surname><order>21</order></author><author><firstname>Tanya</firstname><surname>Bailey</surname><orcid>0000-0003-3564-4335</orcid><order>22</order></author><author><firstname>Hannah</firstname><surname>Baker</surname><order>23</order></author><author><firstname>Pree</firstname><surname>Benton</surname><order>24</order></author><author><firstname>Catherine</firstname><surname>Binney</surname><order>25</order></author><author><firstname>Sara</firstname><surname>Boyle</surname><order>26</order></author><author><firstname>Hagit</firstname><surname>Brandes</surname><order>27</order></author><author><firstname>Alexa M.</firstname><surname>Carr</surname><orcid>0000-0002-4080-9272</orcid><order>28</order></author><author><firstname>Wendy</firstname><surname>Coombe</surname><order>29</order></author><author><firstname>Kendra</firstname><surname>Coulter</surname><order>30</order></author><author><firstname>Audrey</firstname><surname>Darby</surname><order>31</order></author><author><firstname>Lowri</firstname><surname>Davies</surname><order>32</order></author><author><firstname>Esther</firstname><surname>Delisle</surname><order>33</order></author><author><firstname>Marie-Jose</firstname><surname>Enders-Slegers</surname><orcid>0000-0002-2781-2952</orcid><order>34</order></author><author><firstname>Angela</firstname><surname>Fournier</surname><order>35</order></author><author><firstname>Marie</firstname><surname>Fox</surname><order>36</order></author><author><firstname>Nancy</firstname><surname>Gee</surname><orcid>0000-0003-2890-9884</orcid><order>37</order></author><author><firstname>Taryn M.</firstname><surname>Graham</surname><order>38</order></author><author><firstname>Anne</firstname><surname>Hamilton-Bruce</surname><orcid>0000-0002-5222-620x</orcid><order>39</order></author><author><firstname>Tia G. 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2022-08-25T15:30:11.9591201 v2 60735 2022-08-04 Defining Terms Used for Animals Working in Support Roles for People with Support Needs daebf144a10dc3164bff6ec1800d66d3 0000-0003-4329-913X Helen Lewis Helen Lewis true false 2022-08-04 EDUC The nomenclature used to describe animals working in roles supporting people can be confusing. The same term may be used to describe different roles, or two terms may mean the same thing. This confusion is evident among researchers, practitioners, and end users. Because certain animal roles are provided with legal protections and/or government-funding support in some jurisdictions, it is necessary to clearly define the existing terms to avoid confusion. The aim of this paper is to provide operationalized definitions for nine terms, which would be useful in many world regions: “assistance animal”, “companion animal”, “educational/school support animal”, “emotional support animal”, “facility animal”, “service animal”, “skilled companion animal”, “therapy animal”, and “visiting/visitation animal”. At the International Society for Anthrozoology (ISAZ) conferences in 2018 and 2020, over 100 delegates participated in workshops to define these terms, many of whom co-authored this paper. Through an iterative process, we have defined the nine terms and explained how they differ from each other. We recommend phasing out two terms (i.e., “skilled companion animal” and “service animal”) due to overlap with other terms that could potentially exacerbate confusion. The implications for several regions of the world are discussed. Journal Article Animals 12 15 1975 MDPI AG 2076-2615 companion animal; assistance animal; service animal; facility animal; therapy animal;emotional support animal; educational support animal; visiting animal; human–animal interaction 4 8 2022 2022-08-04 10.3390/ani12151975 This paper included contributions from 77 international colleagues COLLEGE NANME Education COLLEGE CODE EDUC Swansea University Another institution paid the OA fee This research received no external funding. 2022-08-25T15:30:11.9591201 2022-08-04T18:36:01.5483843 Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences School of Social Sciences - Education and Childhood Studies Tiffani J. Howell 0000-0002-4932-5792 1 Leanne Nieforth 0000-0003-0281-2072 2 Clare Thomas-Pino 3 Lauren Samet 0000-0003-3325-6056 4 Sunday Agbonika 5 Francisca Cuevas-Pavincich 0000-0003-4456-3270 6 Nina Ekholm Fry 7 Kristine Hill 0000-0002-3429-5818 8 Brinda Jegatheesan 9 Miki Kakinuma 0000-0001-8721-9029 10 Maureen MacNamara 11 Sanna Mattila-Rautiainen 12 Andy Perry 13 Christine Y. Tardif-Williams 0000-0002-3581-6312 14 Elizabeth Ann Walsh 0000-0002-7277-0325 15 Melissa Winkle 0000-0003-0326-1188 16 Mariko Yamamoto 17 Rachel Yerbury 0000-0001-9498-5047 18 Vijay Rawat 19 Kathy Alm 20 Ashley Avci 21 Tanya Bailey 0000-0003-3564-4335 22 Hannah Baker 23 Pree Benton 24 Catherine Binney 25 Sara Boyle 26 Hagit Brandes 27 Alexa M. Carr 0000-0002-4080-9272 28 Wendy Coombe 29 Kendra Coulter 30 Audrey Darby 31 Lowri Davies 32 Esther Delisle 33 Marie-Jose Enders-Slegers 0000-0002-2781-2952 34 Angela Fournier 35 Marie Fox 36 Nancy Gee 0000-0003-2890-9884 37 Taryn M. Graham 38 Anne Hamilton-Bruce 0000-0002-5222-620x 39 Tia G. B. Hansen 40 Lynette Hart 41 Morag Heirs 42 Jade Hooper 0000-0002-0660-8194 43 Rachel Howe 0000-0002-7645-4282 44 Elizabeth Johnson 0000-0002-3914-6600 45 Melanie Jones 46 Christos Karagiannis 47 Emily Kieson 0000-0002-0858-1343 48 Sun-A Kim 0000-0003-4104-239x 49 Christine Kivlen 50 Beth Lanning 0000-0002-2505-4799 51 Helen Lewis 0000-0003-4329-913X 52 Deborah Linder 0000-0003-4723-793x 53 Dac Loc Mai 0000-0003-0490-9169 54 Chiara Mariti 0000-0001-7127-4680 55 Rebecca Mead 0000-0003-2849-0307 56 Gilly Mendes Ferreira 0000-0003-3000-0354 57 Debbie Ngai 58 Samantha O’Keeffe 59 Grainne O’Connor 0000-0002-1933-4751 60 Christine Olsen 61 Elizabeth Ormerod 62 Emma R. Power 0000-0001-5204-322x 63 Peggy A. Pritchard 0000-0003-0314-3237 64 Kerri Rodriguez 0000-0002-3395-4818 65 Deborah Rook 66 Matthew B. Ruby 0000-0002-9562-6510 67 Leah Schofield 68 Tania Signal 0000-0001-5677-9496 69 Jill Steel 0000-0002-9061-3198 70 Wendy Stone 71 Melissa Symonds 72 Diane van Rooy 73 Tiamat Warda 74 Monica Wilson 75 Janette Young 0000-0002-2284-3485 76 Pauleen Bennett 0000-0001-5864-4464 77 60735__25020__3acffb02ef6c416ab597cc56ef656cfd.pdf 60735_VoR.pdf 2022-08-25T15:26:27.9668840 Output 891642 application/pdf Version of Record true Copyright: © 2022 by the authors. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license true eng https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
title |
Defining Terms Used for Animals Working in Support Roles for People with Support Needs |
spellingShingle |
Defining Terms Used for Animals Working in Support Roles for People with Support Needs Helen Lewis |
title_short |
Defining Terms Used for Animals Working in Support Roles for People with Support Needs |
title_full |
Defining Terms Used for Animals Working in Support Roles for People with Support Needs |
title_fullStr |
Defining Terms Used for Animals Working in Support Roles for People with Support Needs |
title_full_unstemmed |
Defining Terms Used for Animals Working in Support Roles for People with Support Needs |
title_sort |
Defining Terms Used for Animals Working in Support Roles for People with Support Needs |
author_id_str_mv |
daebf144a10dc3164bff6ec1800d66d3 |
author_id_fullname_str_mv |
daebf144a10dc3164bff6ec1800d66d3_***_Helen Lewis |
author |
Helen Lewis |
author2 |
Tiffani J. Howell Leanne Nieforth Clare Thomas-Pino Lauren Samet Sunday Agbonika Francisca Cuevas-Pavincich Nina Ekholm Fry Kristine Hill Brinda Jegatheesan Miki Kakinuma Maureen MacNamara Sanna Mattila-Rautiainen Andy Perry Christine Y. Tardif-Williams Elizabeth Ann Walsh Melissa Winkle Mariko Yamamoto Rachel Yerbury Vijay Rawat Kathy Alm Ashley Avci Tanya Bailey Hannah Baker Pree Benton Catherine Binney Sara Boyle Hagit Brandes Alexa M. Carr Wendy Coombe Kendra Coulter Audrey Darby Lowri Davies Esther Delisle Marie-Jose Enders-Slegers Angela Fournier Marie Fox Nancy Gee Taryn M. Graham Anne Hamilton-Bruce Tia G. B. Hansen Lynette Hart Morag Heirs Jade Hooper Rachel Howe Elizabeth Johnson Melanie Jones Christos Karagiannis Emily Kieson Sun-A Kim Christine Kivlen Beth Lanning Helen Lewis Deborah Linder Dac Loc Mai Chiara Mariti Rebecca Mead Gilly Mendes Ferreira Debbie Ngai Samantha O’Keeffe Grainne O’Connor Christine Olsen Elizabeth Ormerod Emma R. Power Peggy A. Pritchard Kerri Rodriguez Deborah Rook Matthew B. Ruby Leah Schofield Tania Signal Jill Steel Wendy Stone Melissa Symonds Diane van Rooy Tiamat Warda Monica Wilson Janette Young Pauleen Bennett |
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Journal article |
container_title |
Animals |
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12 |
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15 |
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1975 |
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2022 |
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Swansea University |
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2076-2615 |
doi_str_mv |
10.3390/ani12151975 |
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MDPI AG |
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Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences |
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Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences |
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School of Social Sciences - Education and Childhood Studies{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences{{{_:::_}}}School of Social Sciences - Education and Childhood Studies |
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description |
The nomenclature used to describe animals working in roles supporting people can be confusing. The same term may be used to describe different roles, or two terms may mean the same thing. This confusion is evident among researchers, practitioners, and end users. Because certain animal roles are provided with legal protections and/or government-funding support in some jurisdictions, it is necessary to clearly define the existing terms to avoid confusion. The aim of this paper is to provide operationalized definitions for nine terms, which would be useful in many world regions: “assistance animal”, “companion animal”, “educational/school support animal”, “emotional support animal”, “facility animal”, “service animal”, “skilled companion animal”, “therapy animal”, and “visiting/visitation animal”. At the International Society for Anthrozoology (ISAZ) conferences in 2018 and 2020, over 100 delegates participated in workshops to define these terms, many of whom co-authored this paper. Through an iterative process, we have defined the nine terms and explained how they differ from each other. We recommend phasing out two terms (i.e., “skilled companion animal” and “service animal”) due to overlap with other terms that could potentially exacerbate confusion. The implications for several regions of the world are discussed. |
published_date |
2022-08-04T04:19:05Z |
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1763754267910340608 |
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11.028886 |