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Self-identified strategies to manage intake of tempting foods: cross-sectional and prospective associations with BMI and snack intake

Jennifer Gatzemeier Orcid Logo, Laura Wilkinson Orcid Logo, Menna Price Orcid Logo, Michelle Lee Orcid Logo

Public Health Nutrition, Volume: 27, Issue: 1

Swansea University Authors: Jennifer Gatzemeier Orcid Logo, Laura Wilkinson Orcid Logo, Menna Price Orcid Logo, Michelle Lee Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1017/s1368980024000697

Abstract

Objectives:Individuals often use self-directed strategies to manage intake of tempting foods, but what these strategies are and whether they are effective is not well understood. This study assessed the frequency of use and subjective effectiveness of self-directed strategies in relation to BMI and...

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Published in: Public Health Nutrition
ISSN: 1368-9800 1475-2727
Published: Cambridge University Press (CUP) 2024
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa65871
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This study assessed the frequency of use and subjective effectiveness of self-directed strategies in relation to BMI and snack intake.Design:A cross-sectional and prospective study with three timepoints (T1: baseline, T2: 3 months, T3: 3 years). At T1, demographics, frequency of use and subjective effectiveness of 41 identified strategies were assessed. At T2 and T3, current weight was reported, and at T2 frequency of snack intake was also recorded.Setting:Online study in the UK.Participants:Data from N=368 participants (Mage=34.41 years; MBMI=25.06 kg/m2) was used for analysis at T1, N=170 (46.20% of the total sample) at T2 and N=51 (13.59%) at T3.Results:Two strategy factors were identified via principal axis factoring: 1) Diet, exercise, reduction of temptations, and cognitive strategies, and 2) Planning, preparation and eating style. For strategy 1, frequency of use, but not subjective effectiveness, was positively related to BMI at T1. Subjective effectiveness predicted an increase in BMI from T1 and T2 to T3. No relationship to snack intake was found. For strategy 2, frequency of use was negatively related to BMI at T1. Neither frequency of use nor subjective effectiveness were related to changes in BMI over time, but subjective effectiveness was negatively correlated with unhealthy snack intake.Conclusion:Self-directed strategies to reduce the intake of tempting foods are not consistently related to BMI or snack intake.</abstract><type>Journal Article</type><journal>Public Health Nutrition</journal><volume>27</volume><journalNumber>1</journalNumber><paginationStart/><paginationEnd/><publisher>Cambridge University Press (CUP)</publisher><placeOfPublication/><isbnPrint/><isbnElectronic/><issnPrint>1368-9800</issnPrint><issnElectronic>1475-2727</issnElectronic><keywords>Snack intake; BMI; Tempting food; Strategies; Weight management</keywords><publishedDay>20</publishedDay><publishedMonth>3</publishedMonth><publishedYear>2024</publishedYear><publishedDate>2024-03-20</publishedDate><doi>10.1017/s1368980024000697</doi><url/><notes/><college>COLLEGE NANME</college><department>Psychology School</department><CollegeCode>COLLEGE CODE</CollegeCode><DepartmentCode>PSYS</DepartmentCode><institution>Swansea University</institution><apcterm>SU Library paid the OA fee (TA Institutional Deal)</apcterm><funders>This research received no specific grant from any funding agency, commercial or not-for-profit sectors.</funders><projectreference/><lastEdited>2024-07-15T12:35:55.6969327</lastEdited><Created>2024-03-20T10:11:39.5603797</Created><path><level id="1">Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences</level><level id="2">School of Psychology</level></path><authors><author><firstname>Jennifer</firstname><surname>Gatzemeier</surname><orcid>0000-0001-7699-3406</orcid><order>1</order></author><author><firstname>Laura</firstname><surname>Wilkinson</surname><orcid>0000-0002-8093-0843</orcid><order>2</order></author><author><firstname>Menna</firstname><surname>Price</surname><orcid>0000-0002-0025-0881</orcid><order>3</order></author><author><firstname>Michelle</firstname><surname>Lee</surname><orcid>0000-0002-1291-5895</orcid><order>4</order></author></authors><documents><document><filename>65871__30052__194217f89eb640aaa9dccc8126d35939.pdf</filename><originalFilename>65871.VoR.pdf</originalFilename><uploaded>2024-04-17T15:40:20.1915372</uploaded><type>Output</type><contentLength>314483</contentLength><contentType>application/pdf</contentType><version>Version of Record</version><cronfaStatus>true</cronfaStatus><documentNotes>© The Author(s), 2024. 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spelling v2 65871 2024-03-20 Self-identified strategies to manage intake of tempting foods: cross-sectional and prospective associations with BMI and snack intake 62db76f37331c2f7cb948ffe027d078b 0000-0001-7699-3406 Jennifer Gatzemeier Jennifer Gatzemeier true false 07aeb47532af5a8421686d4f22f4a226 0000-0002-8093-0843 Laura Wilkinson Laura Wilkinson true false e8d0f85a0d2762328c906c75b1d154b7 0000-0002-0025-0881 Menna Price Menna Price true false 503d8657d47c066ada31f344b030c352 0000-0002-1291-5895 Michelle Lee Michelle Lee true false 2024-03-20 PSYS Objectives:Individuals often use self-directed strategies to manage intake of tempting foods, but what these strategies are and whether they are effective is not well understood. This study assessed the frequency of use and subjective effectiveness of self-directed strategies in relation to BMI and snack intake.Design:A cross-sectional and prospective study with three timepoints (T1: baseline, T2: 3 months, T3: 3 years). At T1, demographics, frequency of use and subjective effectiveness of 41 identified strategies were assessed. At T2 and T3, current weight was reported, and at T2 frequency of snack intake was also recorded.Setting:Online study in the UK.Participants:Data from N=368 participants (Mage=34.41 years; MBMI=25.06 kg/m2) was used for analysis at T1, N=170 (46.20% of the total sample) at T2 and N=51 (13.59%) at T3.Results:Two strategy factors were identified via principal axis factoring: 1) Diet, exercise, reduction of temptations, and cognitive strategies, and 2) Planning, preparation and eating style. For strategy 1, frequency of use, but not subjective effectiveness, was positively related to BMI at T1. Subjective effectiveness predicted an increase in BMI from T1 and T2 to T3. No relationship to snack intake was found. For strategy 2, frequency of use was negatively related to BMI at T1. Neither frequency of use nor subjective effectiveness were related to changes in BMI over time, but subjective effectiveness was negatively correlated with unhealthy snack intake.Conclusion:Self-directed strategies to reduce the intake of tempting foods are not consistently related to BMI or snack intake. Journal Article Public Health Nutrition 27 1 Cambridge University Press (CUP) 1368-9800 1475-2727 Snack intake; BMI; Tempting food; Strategies; Weight management 20 3 2024 2024-03-20 10.1017/s1368980024000697 COLLEGE NANME Psychology School COLLEGE CODE PSYS Swansea University SU Library paid the OA fee (TA Institutional Deal) This research received no specific grant from any funding agency, commercial or not-for-profit sectors. 2024-07-15T12:35:55.6969327 2024-03-20T10:11:39.5603797 Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences School of Psychology Jennifer Gatzemeier 0000-0001-7699-3406 1 Laura Wilkinson 0000-0002-8093-0843 2 Menna Price 0000-0002-0025-0881 3 Michelle Lee 0000-0002-1291-5895 4 65871__30052__194217f89eb640aaa9dccc8126d35939.pdf 65871.VoR.pdf 2024-04-17T15:40:20.1915372 Output 314483 application/pdf Version of Record true © The Author(s), 2024. This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence. true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title Self-identified strategies to manage intake of tempting foods: cross-sectional and prospective associations with BMI and snack intake
spellingShingle Self-identified strategies to manage intake of tempting foods: cross-sectional and prospective associations with BMI and snack intake
Jennifer Gatzemeier
Laura Wilkinson
Menna Price
Michelle Lee
title_short Self-identified strategies to manage intake of tempting foods: cross-sectional and prospective associations with BMI and snack intake
title_full Self-identified strategies to manage intake of tempting foods: cross-sectional and prospective associations with BMI and snack intake
title_fullStr Self-identified strategies to manage intake of tempting foods: cross-sectional and prospective associations with BMI and snack intake
title_full_unstemmed Self-identified strategies to manage intake of tempting foods: cross-sectional and prospective associations with BMI and snack intake
title_sort Self-identified strategies to manage intake of tempting foods: cross-sectional and prospective associations with BMI and snack intake
author_id_str_mv 62db76f37331c2f7cb948ffe027d078b
07aeb47532af5a8421686d4f22f4a226
e8d0f85a0d2762328c906c75b1d154b7
503d8657d47c066ada31f344b030c352
author_id_fullname_str_mv 62db76f37331c2f7cb948ffe027d078b_***_Jennifer Gatzemeier
07aeb47532af5a8421686d4f22f4a226_***_Laura Wilkinson
e8d0f85a0d2762328c906c75b1d154b7_***_Menna Price
503d8657d47c066ada31f344b030c352_***_Michelle Lee
author Jennifer Gatzemeier
Laura Wilkinson
Menna Price
Michelle Lee
author2 Jennifer Gatzemeier
Laura Wilkinson
Menna Price
Michelle Lee
format Journal article
container_title Public Health Nutrition
container_volume 27
container_issue 1
publishDate 2024
institution Swansea University
issn 1368-9800
1475-2727
doi_str_mv 10.1017/s1368980024000697
publisher Cambridge University Press (CUP)
college_str Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
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hierarchy_top_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
department_str School of Psychology{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences{{{_:::_}}}School of Psychology
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description Objectives:Individuals often use self-directed strategies to manage intake of tempting foods, but what these strategies are and whether they are effective is not well understood. This study assessed the frequency of use and subjective effectiveness of self-directed strategies in relation to BMI and snack intake.Design:A cross-sectional and prospective study with three timepoints (T1: baseline, T2: 3 months, T3: 3 years). At T1, demographics, frequency of use and subjective effectiveness of 41 identified strategies were assessed. At T2 and T3, current weight was reported, and at T2 frequency of snack intake was also recorded.Setting:Online study in the UK.Participants:Data from N=368 participants (Mage=34.41 years; MBMI=25.06 kg/m2) was used for analysis at T1, N=170 (46.20% of the total sample) at T2 and N=51 (13.59%) at T3.Results:Two strategy factors were identified via principal axis factoring: 1) Diet, exercise, reduction of temptations, and cognitive strategies, and 2) Planning, preparation and eating style. For strategy 1, frequency of use, but not subjective effectiveness, was positively related to BMI at T1. Subjective effectiveness predicted an increase in BMI from T1 and T2 to T3. No relationship to snack intake was found. For strategy 2, frequency of use was negatively related to BMI at T1. Neither frequency of use nor subjective effectiveness were related to changes in BMI over time, but subjective effectiveness was negatively correlated with unhealthy snack intake.Conclusion:Self-directed strategies to reduce the intake of tempting foods are not consistently related to BMI or snack intake.
published_date 2024-03-20T12:35:54Z
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score 11.017797

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